DSRT-837: week2 Summary of Qualitative Research Article
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Creswellrd5e_PPT09-BABB.pptChapter 9
Qualitative Methods
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Introduction
- Different approach to qualitative inquiry
- Educating readers of the intent
- Tell reader about the design
- Comments on role of researcher
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
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Qualitative Methods
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Qualitative Methods
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
The Characteristics of Qualitative Research
- Review the needs of potential audiences for the proposal
- May need to discuss characteristics of qualitative research
Natural setting
Researcher as key instrument
Multiple sources of data
Inductive and deductive data analysis
Participants' meanings
Emergent design
Reflexivity
Holistic account
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Qualitative Designs
- Specific approaches in conducting qualitative research
- Include procedures for data collection, analysis, and writing
- Designs include
Narrative
Phenomenology
Ethnography
Case study
Grounded theory
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
- Think of what type of data you may have access
- Gatekeepers – individuals at the site who provide access- Seek permissions for collecting data – no data can be collected until IRB approval
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Accessing Data
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Collection Procedures
- Purposefully select individuals and sites to best understand the problem
- Discuss strategies to recruit
- Comment on the number of sites and participants
- Saturation – fresh data no longer sparks new insights or reveals new properties
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Collection Procedures
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Collection Procedures
- Be specific about types of data
- Include data collection types such as interviews
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Collection Procedures
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Recording Procedures
- Interview protocol for asking questions and recording answers
Information about interview, introduction, questions and probes, closing instructions
Perhaps 5 to 10 questions (See Examples in Class)
Prepare in advance
Memorize questions
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Analysis Procedures
Chapter 4 Results
- Segment and take apart the data and put back together
- Data analysis will proceed hand-in-hand with data collection and the write-up of findings
- Winnowing the data because it is dense
- Aggregate into five to seven themes to see emerging patterns
- Use a computer software program
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Analysis Procedures
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Analysis Procedures
Step 1 – Organize and prepare the data for analysis
- e.g., Transcribing interviews
Step 2 – Read or look at all the data
- Gain a general sense of the data
Step 3 – Start coding all of the data
- Coding – organize data by bracketing chunks
- Labeling with a term (code), often based on language of participants
Step 4 – Generate a description and themes
Step 5 – Represent the description and themes
- Narrative discussion, figures, tables, quotes
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Data Analysis Procedures
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Interpretation
- Interpretation in qualitative research (Chapter 4)
Summarize overall findings, compare to literature
Use a theoretical lens
Convey personal, research-based, and action meanings
Suggest limitations and future research
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Validity and Reliability
- Use multiple validity procedures
Triangulate-Use of multiple methods or data sources in qualitative research (one on one or semi structured (group) interviews with different people)
Member checking-Data or results are returned to participants to check for accuracy and resonance with their experiences (during/after)-CAUTION for dissertations-Consider having another researcher/professional check you themes and categories instead
Rich, thick description-Thick description refers to the detailed account of field experiences in which the researcher makes explicit the patterns
Clarify bias-Research bias occurs when researchers try to influence the results
Negative information- Finding and discussing data that contradict the explanations emerging from the research
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Validity and Reliability
- Qualitative reliability
Researcher uses an approach that is consistent across different analysts and projects
Check transcripts for mistakes
Ensure no drift in definition of codes
Communication among coders
Cross-check codes by different researchers
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
Summary
- Components of writing a qualitative methods section
- Doctoral Research Handbook
- Most Up to date Template
- Use all headings
- Use future tense
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Creswell, Research Design 5e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Creswell, Research Design 5e SAGE Publishing, 2018
