Psychology- Counselling Techniques
Vartika27
Corey10e_PPT_ch15edited42521.pptx
Chapter 15
An Integrative Perspective
Professor Petrie
Spring 2021
Copyright © 2021 Cengage
1
Introduction
Some therapies focus on experiencing feelings, others stress identifying cognitive patterns, and still others concentrate on actual behavior.
The field of psychotherapy is characterized by a diverse range of specialized models.
Practitioners have been battling over the “best” way to bring about personality change.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
Terminology Page 1
Assimilative integration: Selectively incorporating a variety of interventions from other therapeutic approaches, but grounded in a single coherent theoretical system.
Common factors approach: A search for common elements across different theoretical systems. Evidence-based practice: The shift toward adopting therapeutic practices that are grounded in empirical evidence reflects a commitment to “what works, not on what theory applies.”
Feedback-informed treatment (FIT): By consistently obtaining feedback from clients regarding the therapeutic relationship and clinical progress, FIT helps counselors evaluate and improve the quality and effectiveness of counseling services and tailor therapy to the unique needs of the client.
Outcome Rating Scale (ORS): Assessment of the client’s therapeutic progress through ratings of a client’s personal experience of well-being in his or her individual, interpersonal, and social functioning.
Psychotherapy integration: Looks beyond and across the confines of single-school approaches to see what can be learned from other perspectives.
Session Rating Scale (SRS): Measures a client’s perception of the quality of the therapeutic relationship, which includes the relational bond with the therapist, the perceived collaboration around specific tasks in therapy, and agreement on goals, methods, and client preferences. Spiritual/religious values: These play a major part in the lives and struggles of many people. Exploring spiritual/religious values, when deemed important by the client, can enhance the therapy process.
Terminology Page 2
Spiritual/religious values: These play a major part in the lives and struggles of many people. Exploring spiritual/religious values, when deemed important by the client, can enhance the therapy process.
Syncretism: A practitioner, lacking in knowledge and skill in selecting interventions, grabs for anything that seems to work, often making no attempt to determine whether the therapeutic procedures are indeed effective.
Technical integration (technical eclecticism): A focus on selecting the best treatment techniques for the individual and the problem. It tends to focus on differences, chooses from many approaches, and is a collection of techniques.
Theoretical integration: A conceptual or theoretical creation beyond a mere blending of techniques with the goal of producing a synthesis of the best aspects of two or more theoretical approaches; assumes that the combined creation will be richer than either theory alone
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
Psychotherapy Integration
Syncretism—practitioner lacking in knowledge and skill in selecting interventions, making little attempt to determine therapeutic procedures are effective
Pulling techniques from many sources without a sound rationale results in syncretistic confusion
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
Pathways Toward Psychotherapy Integration
The majority of psychotherapists prefer some form of integration, which is expected to increase in popularity during the next decade.
The ultimate goal of integration is to enhance the efficiency and applicability of psychotherapy.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
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Pathways Toward Psychotherapy Integration
Technical Integration:
It aims at selecting the best treatment techniques for the person and the problem without necessarily subscribing to the theoretical positions that spawned them.
One of the best-known forms of technical integration is technical eclecticism, the basis of multimodal therapy.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
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Pathways Toward Psychotherapy Integration
Theoretical Integration:
It refers to a conceptual or theoretical creation beyond a mere blending of techniques.
This approach emphasizes integrating the underlying theories of therapy along with techniques from each.
Examples of this form of integration are dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and emotion-focused therapy (EFT).
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
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Pathways Toward Psychotherapy Integration
Assimilative Integration:
An approach is grounded in a particular school of psychotherapy, yet selectively incorporates practices from other therapeutic approaches.
An example of this form of integration is mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), comprehensive integration of the principles and skills of mindfulness that has been applied to the treatment of depression.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
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Pathways Toward Psychotherapy Integration
Common Factors Approach:
It emphasizes common elements across different theoretical systems.
Common factors are more important in accounting for therapeutic outcomes than the unique factors that differentiate one theory from another.
Among the approaches to psychotherapy integration, the common factors approach has the strongest empirical support.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
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Integration of Multicultural Issues in Counseling
Current theories can and should be expanded to incorporate a multicultural dimension.
Practitioners need to tailor their theory and practice to fit the unique needs of the client.
Practitioners should be aware of their own and their clients’ worldviews and use culturally appropriate interventions.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
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Integration of Spirituality and Religion in Counseling
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
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Spiritual and religious matters are therapeutically relevant and ethically appropriate to discuss in counseling.
Spiritually informed therapy is a form of multicultural therapy.
Clients in crisis may find a source of comfort, support, and strength in drawing upon their spiritual resources.
Feedback-Informed Treatment
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 15
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FIT is designed to evaluate and to improve the quality and effectiveness of counseling services.
FIT is an evidence-based practice that monitors client change and identifies modifications needed to enhance therapy.
The Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) and Session Rating Scale (SRS) are used to measure client progress and to rate the quality of the therapeutic relationship.
