science worksheet

Indians' Leonys Martin Expected to Make 'Full Recovery' After Contracting a Bacterial Infection https://people.com/sports/indians-leonys-martin-bacterial-infection/

Leonys Martin, a Cleveland Indians outfielder, is recuperating as he battles a severe bacterial infection. Martin, 30, first began showing symptoms of the infection after playing in a game against the Minnesota Twins on August 7. The next morning, he was admitted to the Cleveland Clinic for nausea and stomach discomfort.

At the hospital, doctors diagnosed Martin with an infection that stemmed from bacteria in his bloodstream and impacted multiple organs. The infection — which the team has not publicly identified — was not from food and is not contagious, according to the statement.

Chris Antonetti, the president of baseball operations for the Indians, commented on Martin’s condition at the player’s wife’s request, according to MLB.com, stating, “We don’t know exactly how the bacteria entered his system.”“It can’t be transferred from one person to the next, but the bacteria somehow entered his bloodstream,” Antonetti said. “We don’t yet know how. I’m not sure we will know how. But, once that bacteria entered the bloodstream, it produced toxins that led to him getting really sick.”

The team wished him well on Twitter, and several players — including the White Sox’s Jose Abreu — wrote Martin’s name on their hats when the Indians played in Chicago, according to MLB.com.

1. What other illnesses do you know that have similar symptoms to Martin? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Why do you think it spread so quickly? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Do you believe that the infection is transferable even though officials say it is not? Why/why not? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Viral Infections

The diagram below illustrates how a virus infects a cell. A virus is piece of DNA or RNA that is surrounded by a protein coat. A virus encounters a cell then attaches itself and injects its DNA. Once injected, the viral DNA takes control of the cell machinery and forces the cell to manufacture (make) multiple copies of itself. Then, the viral DNA begins to make viral proteins that begin to replicate themselves, creating new viruses. Eventually this causes the host cell to die, and the virus is released to attach and infect more cells.

1. What happens when a virus infects a cell? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Do you think the virus is alive before, during or after it infects the cell? Explain.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What characteristics of living things do viruses exhibit? What characteristics of nonliving things do viruses exhibit? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Video: Bacteria and Viruses; What is the difference between bacteria and viruses?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-HThHRV4uo

Using the following chart, list out the characteristics of bacteria and viruses stated in the video.

Bacteria	Virus

Case Study: On your own, choose an illness related to 1 bacteria and 1 virus from the lists below. Use the internet to research information about each illness. Then answer the following questions.

1. What is the name of the illness? Is it bacterial or viral?

2. What does it affect (people, animals, plants)?

3. How does it replicate (spread)? How quickly can it replicate?

4. What are the causes?

5. What are the symptoms?

6. Is the disease alive? Why or why not? (Use evidence to support your answer).

Name: _____________________________________________________

BIO1.LS1.1

Students will engage in an argument from evidence in order to classify viruses as living or nonliving highlighting their structure and function.

Bacteria

Tuberculosis

Zoonosis

Anthrax

Cholera

Chlamydia

UTI

Leprosy

Pneumonia

Diphtheria

Bubonic plague

Enteric redmouth disease

Flying squirrel typhus

Virus

Smallpox

Ebola

HIV

Zika

Yellow Mosaic

Swine flu

Influenza

Hepatitis

Grapevine fanleaf virus

Herpes

Rabies

Tomato bushy stunt virus

Chicken pox

Measles

Citrus psorosis virus