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COMMUNITYChapter24.pptxChapter 24 Vulnerability in Community Populations: An Overview
Basic Concepts
Risk
Vulnerability
Special needs
At risk
Vulnerable populations
Vulnerable families
Web of Causation
Schematic model
Shows interrelationship among multiple factors that contribute to choices made by individuals, families, and communities that affect their health status
Factors commonly associated with vulnerability:
Disadvantaged socioeconomic status
Lifestyle behaviors
Low self-esteem
Feelings of powerlessness
Disenfranchisement
Poverty and Historical Perspectives
Society’s attitude
Two common themes
Strong work ethic
Religious/moral beliefs
Industrial Revolution
Public assistance programs
Shift from federal government to state to private sector
Cultural and Policy Perspectives
Cultural perspectives
Meaning of poverty
Impoverished
Persistent poverty
Neighborhood poverty
Underclass poverty
Policy perspectives
Poverty index
Near poor
Health-Related Perspectives
High rate of infant mortality
High morbidity and mortality
Complex health problems
Physical limitations secondary to chronic illness
Trauma-induced injuries
Death by violence
Community Perspectives
High proportion of underrepresented ethnic groups
Single mothers
High rate of unemployment
Low level of education
Low wages
Violence
Discrimination
Communicable diseases
Premature death
Vulnerable Populations with Special Needs
Disenfranchised
Uninsured and underinsured
Medically indigent/working poor
Children and adolescents
Elders
Underrepresented ethnic groups
Women
Nursing Considerations
Access to care
Acceptable services for vulnerable patients in diverse settings
Know the community
Schedule clinic visits at convenient times
Have bilingual nurses available
Staff members who reflect cultural, racial, ethnic background of persons who use the facility
Sensitivity
Nonjudgmental attitude
Considerations
Ethical and legal
Patients’ strengths and resources
Hardiness
Support networks
Nursing roles
Advocate and activist
Case manager
Educator and counselor
Collaborator and partner
Researcher
