correction

Page 1

However, open borders provide drug traffickers with easy access to bring illegal drugs into the country

Your last two statements summarized other people's arguments and then this seems to be your own argument. I would also present this an the argument of another (with a reference). That way you are keeping the same format.

Page 1

A strong connection between illegal immigration, drug smuggling, and an open border would only exacerbate this problem (Finley & Esposito, 2020).

This sentence is sitting by itself. I also don't understand what you are saying. What problem, specifically?

Page 1

(Inés, 2019).

This citation is not needed because of the one above.

Page 1

According to Finley & Esposito (2020), there is often reference to illegal immigration, drug trafficking, and an open border in the same breath. and some researchers have found a close relationship between the three.

Make sure my edits are accurate and that I am not mis-attributed statements to the wrong reference, etc.

Page 2

The issue of drug trafficking is important since the open border in 2021 increased drug overdoses, public health, and safety.

Not sure if you are stating this or one of your sources. Either way, this is a mighty strong statement. I would back off from saying the open border 'caused' these things. Your wording is also not saying what I think you intend.

Page 3

An estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants live in the United States (Meade & Nancy, 2018). Drug trafficking is at its height, resulting in the highest number of overdoses while the cartels make enormous profits. An estimated $100 billion of drugs are trafficked annually through the southern border (Meade & Nancy, 2018).

You need sources that back up your arguments that these things are at their height. Not just high. You see the difference between those two arguments? You need a source to back up the specific argument you are making.

Page 3

The problem to be addressed in this study is to research if there is a relationship between illegal immigration, open border, and drug trafficking.

This is not really a problem. This is more of a purpose or goal. The problem seems to be either drug trafficking or illegal immigration.

Page 3

According to Molobe & Odukoya (2021), increased cases of drug trafficking occur when people smuggle drugs across an open border, like the southern border between Mexico and the United States

If this is the crux of your study and reason, you will need to provide more support that one thing is associated with another. This is one reference to research in Nigeria. I think more is needed to make this argument, given how pivotal it is to your study and arguments.

Page 4

The methodology will be quantitative with a case study design.

I have never heard of a quant case study. Make sure you are well versed on this specifically.

Page 4,5

Based on the p-value, the researcher will determine whether to accept or reject the null hypotheses. The findings would represent a significant advance in comprehending the difficulties posed by open borders and the impact that this has on the illegal trafficking of drugs and immigration

I think you are going to have a lot of trouble controlling for the myriad other potential variables out there that could be at play. How will you address omitted variable bias?

Page 5

It can be caused by class, race, or gender factors

What can be caused?

Also, are you sure it is 'caused' it is difficult to prove a causal relationship.

Page 5

The research method used for the study is the quantitative research method. The term "quantitative research method" describes an approach to studying social, economic, and psychological phenomena (Crowe et al., 2017).

Usually the method is more specific. What type of quant research?

Page 8,9

I will use a purposive sampling method in selecting the databases containing data on drug trafficking and illegal immigration in those specific states such as California, Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. I will also draw data for the study from publicly available sources like CBP and DHS databases and other scholarly works. The data sourced from the organization was analyzed to get insight specifically on drug trafficking and illegal immigration, particularly in the states mentioned above. Kibuacha (2022) suggested that if the target population is considerably small, it is possible to sample the entire population to acquire an accurate picture and significantly lessen the uncertainty involved. This strategy will also remove the potential for bias in sample selection, which is a problem with many studies that use random samples. Before data collection begins, approval from the IRB is required. The researcher will use the SPSS software to perform the statistical data analysis. To confirm or refute the existence of a correlation between the dependent and independent variables, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be performed. The p-value will provide the basis for the researcher to decide whether accept or reject the null hypothesis.

I think more info is needed here on the years and data specifics. How will you incorporate open borders?

Page 9

RQ1

To what extent, if any, is there a relationship between illegal immigration, drug trafficking, and open border?

I think this is overly complex. Couldn't you just examine relationship between illegal immigration and drugs or open borders and drugs?

Page 9

RQ2

To what extent, if any, are open borders promoting terrorism activities?

Definitions of Key Terms

I don't think you established enough of a foundation to go into terrorism. I would make this an RQ about whichever variable you don't cover in RQ 1.

Reference needed

Page 1

9 comments

Please click on the comments in red and the highlighted in yellow.

Page 4

An Analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be performed to determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variables.

What are the dependent and independent variables. So far you have not identified those without identifying the variables, it is not possible to determine what is the best test for you to use

Page 5

1) Open borders lead to increased drug trafficking. 2) Open borders lead to increased illegal immigration. 3) Social inequality leads to increased drug trafficking. 4) Social inequality leads to increased illegal immigration.

tThese are hypothetical statements, not propositions. Consider moving this language to the discussion about the research questions. It is not necessary here in the discussion about the theory..

Page 5 & what follows in page 6

According to the first proposition, open borders increase drug trafficking. As a result, drug traffickers can transport drugs more easily across poorly protected borders. It is also stated in the second proposition that open borders promote illegal immigration. The reason is that

This information and what follows on the next page are considered rhetorical statements. Without the inclusion of citations from high quality sources, this discussion has little value. In fact, you might consider moving this to the literature review, says this does not relate directly to a description of social theory..