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Colombia.pptColombia
1. Humble Beginnings
HISTORY AND HUMBLE BEGINNINGS
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- "Colombia" is derived from the last name of the Italian navigator Christopher Columbus (Italian: Cristoforo Colombo, Spanish: Cristóbal Colón).
- To refer to this country, the Colombian government uses the terms Colombia and República de Colombia
- Indigenous people inhabited the territory that is now Colombia by 12,500 BCE.
- Bogota was founded in 1538. In 1564 Colombia was made a captaincy-general. The colony thrived and many African slaves were taken there.
HUMBLE BEGINNINGS CONT.
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- In 1810 most of Colombia declared independence. It did not last long. The Spanish re-conquered the area in 1815-16.
- in 1819 Simon Bolivar defeated the Spanish at the battle of Boyaca. Subsequently a new nation was formed consisting of Colombia, Panama, Venezuela and Ecuador. The new nation was called the Republic of Colombia and Colombia (including what is now Panama) became separate from Ecuador and Venezuela.
- However regional differences caused the new country to break up. Bolivar became dictator in 1828 but he resigned in 1830
- Political instability continued through the late 19th century and in 1899 a terrible civil war called the War of a Thousand Days was fought.
- in 1903 Panama broke away and became an independent nation.
GDP
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- Formed after the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1830
- In 1990s , long-term conflict between government forces, paramilitaries and anti-government insurgent groups .
- By 2006, more than 31,000 Colombia paramilitaries were demobilized
- Collapse of the AUC as a public organization
- In 2016, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and Colombian Government signed a final peace accord
- Today, Colombia maintains a robust democratic institutions featured by nonviolent, transparent elections and the preservation of civil liberties.
Power of Geography
- Total area: 1,138,910 sq miles
- Pop: est. 50.37 million
- 3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448 km) of coastline
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The Numbers and their Understanding
GDP and the Economy
- 2019, GDP worth 370.billion U.S. dollars, repre. 0.31 % of world economy
- GDP per capita: 6642 U.S. dollars
- GDP growth rate: 0.5% (4th quarter of 2019)
- Foreign trade represented 36.8% of the country’s GDP in 2018
- Colombia mainly exports petroleum oils (39.9%), coal (15.7%), coffee (5.6%), flowers (3.5%), and gold (3.4%).
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| Breakdown | Agriculture | Industry | Services |
| Employment By Sector (in % of Total Employment) | 16.0 | 19.2 | 64.5 |
| Value Added (in % of GDP) | 6.3 | 26.6 | 55.7 |
| Value Added (Annual % Change) | 5.6 | -2.1 | 2.8 |
GDP/Econ growth/Unemployment: https://tradingeconomics.com/
2. Economic Growth
GDP Annual Growth Rate
Slightly above market expectations of a 2.5 percent expansion
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Scarcity & Growth
Scarcity
- Water
- Natural resources and raw goods (which they import)
- Land
Growth :
Biggest and the fastest growing sector of Colombian economy is:
- Services- (53% GDP). Manufacturing, mining and quarrying create – 20% of wealth
- Government -10%
- Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing (6.3 percent);
- Construction – 6%
- Electricity, gas and water distribution – 4%
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How is Life In Colombia?
***The Longer bars illustrate better outcomes , while shorter bars always indicate worse outcomes
https://www.prosperity.com/globe/colombia
Tourism in Columbia
- Conributes to about 9.3% of the country’s GDP
- Generated $4.8bn in 2017 from $3.3 bn in 2016
- Received 3.3M visitors in 2018
- Travel and tourism policies enable 10 million international visitors annually.
- Accounts for approximately 4 percent of total economy
- Colombia revised its visa-free access policy in 2015 to attract more foreign visitors
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- Ethnic groups - mestizo and white 87.6%, Afro-Colombian (includes mulatto, Raizal, and Palenquero) 6.8%, Amerindian 4.3%, Others 1.4%
- Demographic profile - Undergoing economic transformation because of stable drops in its fertility, mortality, and population growth rates.
- Experiences huge legal and illegal economic expatriation and outflow of refugees
- Prevalence in forced displacements as a result of violence among the guerrillas, paramilitary groups, and Colombian security forces
- Ranked #72 in the world in terms of overall Prosperity Index rankings
More about Colombia...
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OVERALL PROSPERITY
Colombia is 72nd in the overall Prosperity Index rankings.
Has moved four positions since 2009,
PILLAR RANKINGS
Preforms best in Natural Environment and Health, but weaker in Safety & Security.
More about Colombia...
3. Unemployment ( 1999-2019).
-Discuss rate and changes. Where there any major recent events that caused dramatic
changes?
-What is the biggest employment sector, and where are jobs headed?
Colombia: Unemployment rate from 1999 to 2019
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Youth Employment Rate ( 15-24 years)
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| Colombia | total: 18.7% male: 14.7% female: 24.1% |
The prevalence rate of unemployed youths in Columbia is approximately 19% (18.7%)
Biggest Employment Sectors
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-What is the biggest employment sector, and where are jobs headed?
https://www.statista.com/statistics/
369122/employment-by-economic-sector-in-colombia/
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THANKS!
