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COBH4030Chp6.pptxChapter 6
The School Health Program: A Component of Community Health
Chapter Objectives (1 of 2)
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
Describe the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child model.
List the ideal members of a school health advisory council.
Explain why a school health program is important.
Define written school health policies and explain their importance to the school health program.
Explain processes for developing and implementing school health policies.
List the ten components of the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child model.
Describe the role of the school health coordinator.
Chapter Objectives (2 of 2)
Identify those services offered as part of school health services and explain why schools are logical places to offer such services.
Explain what is meant by a healthy school environment and discuss the two major environments.
Define school health education.
Identify the eight National Health Education Standards.
Explain how a health education specialist could locate credible health education curricula.
Identify and briefly explain four issues that are faced by school health advocates.
Introduction
The school health program has great potential for affecting the health of the community
Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) Model
A model focused on addressing the educational and health needs of children within the context of the school setting
Community strengths can boost the role of the school in addressing child health and learning needs, but also can be a reflection of areas of need in the community
Provides a shared framework and approach for schools and the community to work together to provide a systematic, integrated, and collaborative approach to health and learning
The School Health Advisory Council
Individuals from a school or school district and its community who work together to provide advice and aspects of the school health program
Should include diverse representation
Primary role – provide coordination of the WSCC components
The School Nurse
Can provide great leadership for the school health program
Has medical knowledge and formal training
Has multiple responsibilities
Often districts do not have resources to hire full-time nurses
The Teacher’s Role
Heavy responsibility in making sure the WSCC model works
Often spend more waking hours with children than parents do
The Need for School Health
An unhealthy child has a difficult time learning
Health and success in schools are interrelated
A school health program provides the integration of education and health
Foundations of the School Health Program
School administration that supports the effort
A well-organized school health advisory council
Written school health policies
School Health Policies
Steps for creating local health-related policies include
Build a policy development team
Assess the environment
Draft the policy
Adopt the policy
Implement the policy
Measure and evaluate
Communicate the results
Policy Development
Should be executed by the school health council
Should cover all facets of the school health program
Gain approval from key stakeholders
Policy Implementation
Policies only effective if implemented
Distribute policies to those affected
Distribute with a memorandum of explanation
Place in faculty, staff, and student handbooks
Present them at group meetings (PTO)
Hold a special meeting for explaining policies
Place them in the school district newsletter
Policy Development Resources
Action for Healthy Kids
School Health Index (via CDC)
Monitoring Status of School Health Policy in the U.S.
CDC has periodically conducted a national survey to assess school health policies and practices
School Health Policy and Practices Study (SHPPS)
Assesses
School health policies
School health practices at the state, district, school, and classroom levels
Components of a WSCC Model
Administration and organization
School health services
Healthy school environment
School health education
Counseling, psychological, and social services
Physical education and physical activity
Nutrition environment and services
Community involvement
Family engagement
Employee wellness
Administration and Organization
A WSCC model should be administered by a school health coordinator
Trained professional at the state, district, or school level who is responsible for managing, coordinating, planning, implementing, and evaluating school health policies, programs, and resources
Often not a position required by states
School Health Services
Health services provided by school health workers to appraise, protect, and promote health
The Framework for the 21st Century School Nursing Practice calls for student-centered nursing care focused on the key principles of care coordination, leadership, quality improvement, and community/public health with standards of practice as the foundation
Healthy School Environment
By law, school districts are required to provide a safe school environment
Physical environment
School building and its contents, the land on which the school is located, and the area surrounding it
Psychosocial environment
Attitudes, values, feelings of students and staff
School Health Education
The development, delivery, and evaluation of a planned curriculum
Priority health content:
Alcohol and other drugs, healthy eating, mental and emotional health, personal health and wellness, physical activity, safety/unintentional injury prevention, sexual health (abstinence and risk avoidance), tobacco, violence prevention
Development of and Sources of Health Education Curricula
Sources
Many available from national specialists
Approved curricula from state departments of education or health
Health agencies and associations
Commercially produced curricula
National Health Education Standards
Other WSCC Components
Counseling, psychological, and social services
Physical education and physical activity
Nutrition environment and services
Community involvement
Family engagement
Employee wellness
Issues and Concerns of the School Health Program
Lack of support for WSCC
School health curriculum challenges
School-based health centers
Violence in schools
Lack of Support for WSCC
Limited success in getting WSCC implemented across the country
Need supportive legislation
School Health Curriculum Challenges
Controversy
Strong opinions on various topics
Improper implementation
Often provided by individuals other than health education specialists
Barriers to school health education
School-Based Health Centers
Provided in different ways; most common on school property
Seven core competencies used to guide the delivery of health care in a school setting
“Cultural wars”
Funding challenges
Violence in Schools
High-profile incidents of violence in schools
Bullying
Electronic aggression
Recommendations for improving school climate as it relates to violence
Discussion Questions
Why is a WSCC model so challenging to implement in every school district?
How can schools have more effective health programs with limited funding?
