Intercultural Communication
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CMST340PerformativityPrincipleChap.3.pptxCMST 340 Performativity Principle Chapter 3
How to understand “knowing” being performed
“THE DEED IS EVERYTHING”
PQ: “What is the “means”, “to meaning” in IC?
CMST 340 Performativity
The search for knowledge takes place in a backdrop of uncertainty.
Uncertainty makes it possible to look for meaning!
Language: a means of communication
Verbal (Spoken/ Written) Nonverbal (Unspoken)
(fig. 1 p. 55)
CMST 340 Performativity
NV Language:
Environment: landscape, temp., element effect
Artifacts: used for specific purpose ( clothes, vehicles)
Paralanguage: sounds, rate, volume, pitch
Kinesics: body movements (gestures, facial expressions)
Proxemics: use of space (bubble, etc.)
Haptics: use of touch
Chronemics: monchronic ( schedulers) , polychronic: more relaxed approach)
(Gestures Across Cultures Video Clip about 9 minutes)
CMST 340 Performativity
Language Rules: Rules allow for organization, coordination of our lives, create order
Prescriptive: tells us how to follow it, how to use it and what happens if not followed
Contextual: rule applied to specific situation
Enculturation: how people learn rule in own culture to create own cultural ID (primary)
Acculturation: learn rules that relate to another culture (secondary)
Language Games: dynamic structures created to accomplish various tasks (offered coffee in Saudi Arabia)
CMST 340 Performativity
People deal with uncertainty in “IC” through performances!
Performance is the manifestation of performativity.
“IC” performed like MUSIC (v&nv elements: NOTES)
Example (routine greeting)
CMST 340 Performativity
PERFORMATIVITY PRINCIPLE:
1) The dramaturgy of performativity: from rules to roles
Communication as Drama: playing roles
Performance and Face: Culture ID presented to others
Performance and Frames: interpret certain situations, what means (wedding, job interview, lectures)
CMST 340 Performativity
2) Performativity as a Reiterative Process
“IC” as Ethnographic Encounter (S.A. Valentines card)
Introspection, Observation, Experiment, Interview
(Fig.6 p. 64)
“IC” as Culture Shock
Preliminary stage, Honeymoon stage, Crisis stage,
Adjustment stage (Fig. 7 p. 65)
CMST 340 Performativity
“IC” as Hermeneutic Circle
Distance- experience/ Near experience (Fig. 8 p. 67)
Assimilation: disregard own for other culture tradition/ Separation: favor own tradition, disregard other culture
3) Structure of Performance
Levels: Activity, Action, Operation (BB Game)
(Fig. 9 p. 69)
(Apache woman: girl puberty ceremony/ BD party)
CMST 340: Performativity Principle
“IC cannot be successful with out “hospitality”… welcoming with goodwill people from other cultures!
“We can only have a genuine intercultural experience only if we take the risk of opening ourselves up to the Other!”
CMST 340 Performativity
Performativity Principle Defined:
“IC” process of playing out our ID moving from rules to roles
“Enactment of meaning” is a reiterative process
Structure of “IC” as performance: from activity through actions to operations and then back to activity
“IC” is a reiterative process whereby people from different cultures enact meaning in order to accomplish their tasks.
What happens to cultural meanings as they are enacted? Next Chapter!!!!
CMST 340: Performativity Principle
Short Definition:
Performativity Principle is enacting meaning in order to accomplish tasks.
