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GENOMICS 5

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1. What is genomics?

Genomics is the study of genes of an organism, their compositions and the interaction amongst themselves and their environment.

2. What is the application of genomics in medicine?

This is the use of genetic material from a patient for the diagnosis of a disease or to decide which therapy is most suitable. Mostly used in oncology and detection of rare infectious diseases.

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4. How The application of genomics in medicine would benefit the world?

Improve the screening for cancers to ensure early diagnosis. If most of the cancers can be able to be detected early enough, they can be treated. Early detection can be aided by the use of genomics.

Genomics can help diagnose some genetically linked diseases. Some diseases are passed through genes. Understanding these diseases and defects can help tame them or treat them, and look for ways to avoid their occurrence in future generations.

Through genomics, drugs can be developed against various diseases. For instance, genomics on various disease causative agents can help a lot in identifying the most suitable drug against them.

Genomics can aide the storage of bioinformatics data, which is very essential. This data can be used even in premarital counseling where the couple can be advised on whether the combination of their genes could result in any genetic conditions to their expected babies. This can help reduce the cases of genetic disorders.

· of genomics in medicine

· Oral plant vaccines; these use DNA to create surface antigens when consumed. They show potential in the immunization against Hepatitis B. The research is still underway.

· Heterologous prime-boost vaccine for malaria; Ankara virus has been used to further develop two vaccines with DNA from P. falciparum. This has shown the prospects of reducing infection rates by 80%. This is expected to e used in future.

· Anti-malarial drugs; fosmidomycin is being tested for its effect on a component involved in the life cycle of the P. falciparum parasite, which could help in the treatment of malaria.

· Screening for thalassemias; PCR has been used to observe the mutations that lead to formation of hemoglobin. This has aided in genetic counseling which has seen a significant reduction in the cases of thalassemias.

· Precision medicine; this allows the doctors to prescribe treatment based on the patient’s genetic information. This is presently being used in the medical field.

· Pharmacogenomics; this involves testing the possible outcome when a patient takes a certain medicine. Through use of genomics it is possible to identify possible side effects. This is currently being applied in the medical field.

· Genome editing; this is the deleting or adding to some portions of gene sequences. This is used to either avoid possible genetic disorders or to add certain characteristics to the organism. This is still underway and hopefully will be achieved in the near future.

5. Generally, what is your vision on the future of applications of genomics in medicine?

Genomics is a great future in the medical field. There have been major milestones in applying genomics in the medical field. Many diseases that were in a recent past hard to detect are now detectable. This has seen the overall improvement of the health of people. With the ongoing research in the field, major breakthroughs are expected in medicine. Genomics might be the key to solving nearly all the health issues in the world.

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