Medication Teaching Tool

WEEK 5 PAPER

NURU 641 Week 5 Psychopharmacology Patient Teaching Tool (150 Points)

Course Learning Objectives: 1 – 7

Purpose: This assignment is designed to assist the student in exploring fully one psychotropic medication and designing an interesting method using new and innovative technology to teach their patient about that medication and then sharing these tools with each other.

This is a two-part assignment. The total point for the assignment is 150 points.

Directions:

Part One: Chosen medication “Clozapine”

Now, write a 1–4 pages paper Including title page and references (main paper about 2 pages title page and References will make 4 pages) about the medication –

· what it is used for,

· mechanism of action,

· classification,

· side effects, etc.

· On label use and Off label use should be discussed.

· What do the studies say about it?

Do not take this information from an app (apps cannot be used as a reference). APA 7th edition references are required.

Part Two - Design a short Prezi, PowToon, Canva, Infographic, or any other creative and new innovative approach (not a PowerPoint) for patients to explain the medication,

· why it is being used, and

· its side effects in a non-threatening manner, entertaining manner that they can understand.

· Take into consideration age range, culture, educational level, and any other factor that might be important in teaching about medication.

· Share this with your peers by posting it in a special discussion board section (it is not a discussion board, just a place to post). It must also be submitted to Blackboard as an assignment for grading with the above paper.

Testing of clozapine in research studies in children and adolescents has been limited. However, current evidence shows benefit for clozapine when used in children and adolescents who have previously failed to respond to other medications (usually 2 or more) for the treatment disorders such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

Among veterans with schizophrenia, overall use of second-generation antipsychotics has been reported to be slightly less common, and use of clozapine much less common, among African Americans and Hispanics than among whites. Because …

Remember that cultural competence and sensitivity play a vital role in providing effective care to individuals using clozapine. It’s essential to address cultural nuances while ensuring optimal treatment outcomes.

Age And cultural consideration of Clozapine

Due to this medication multiple side effects, it is only prescribed when other anti-psychotic medications fail. The focus is educating patients both young and old on the side effects.

Off-label uses of clozapine: Identified published evidence Diagnosis/behavior Supporting evidence Bipolar disorder Randomized, open-label trial reports mood stabilization benefits Depressive disorders Primarily case reports involving psychotic depression Borderline personality disorder Open-label trial reports improvement on multiple rating scales Substance use disorders Multiple studies report decreased cravings for alcohol and illicit drugs in patients with psychotic disorders Suicidality Multiple studies report benefits in patients with psychotic disorders Aggression Multiple studies report benefits in patients with psychotic disorders, independent of the impact on psychotic symptoms Psychosis in Parkinson’s disease Randomized, placebo-controlled study shows benefits at low dosages Tardive dyskinesia Retrospective studies show benefit from monotherapy Tardive dystonia Retrospective studies show benefit from monotherapy

Off-label uses of clozapine:

Diagnosis/behavior Supporting evidence.

Bipolar disorder: Randomized, open-label trial reports mood stabilization benefits. Depressive disorders: Primarily case reports involving psychotic depression. Borderline personality disorder: Open-label trial reports improvement on multiple rating scales

Substance use disorders: Multiple studies report decreased cravings for alcohol and illicit drugs in patients with psychotic disorders.

Suicidality: Multiple studies report benefits in patients with psychotic disorders Aggression: Multiple studies report benefits in patients with psychotic disorders, independent of the impact on psychotic symptoms.

Psychosis in Parkinson’s disease: Randomized, placebo-controlled study shows benefits at low dosages.

Tardive dyskinesia: Retrospective studies show benefit from monotherapy.

Tardive dystonia: Retrospective studies show benefit from monotherapy.

Steps to consider when prescribing medications off-label Source:

Reference 3 • Consider medications indicated for the desired purpose • Expand consideration to other FDA-approved medications • Includes medications indicated for other purposes • Identify options with sound scientic evidence • Become familar with existing literature • Locate any recommended dosing for desired off-label use • Consider FDA dosing parameters for approved uses • Explain to the patient or decision maker that use is off-label • Document this conversation • Discuss existing evidence for off-label use with the patient • Document this conversation • Discuss alternatives supported by the literature with the patient • Document this conversation

On label use of Clozapine

Solid evidence suggests that Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic drug for schizophrenics who do not respond to treatment with first- or second-generation antipsychotics. 4 So approximately 60% of those who are considered treatment-resistant will respond to clozapine and its clinical use is supported by studies with various designs showing the  positive outcomes and reduced hospitalization rates. 5, 6 In addition to its utility in schizophrenia, accumulating evidence supports clozapine’s utility for a variety of other disorders and psychopathologic symptoms, such as hostility and aggression. 7 There is also solid evidence in other psychiatric and neuropsychiatric diseases like treatment-resistant bipolar disorder, 8 Lewy body dementia psychosis 9 and psychosis in borderline personality disorder. 10 The work of Wahid et al. published in Mental Illness, Volume 9, Issue 2 (2017), contributes to that bride indication implications of clozapine use. 11

Effective and underprescribed: what about  clozapine ? - PMC

Off Label use

Clozapine has also been used off-label in the  treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD), bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia with comorbid depression [ 18 ]. There is also preliminary evidence that it may be an effective alternative therapy in unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) [ 19 ].

Author: Dara Gammon, Catherine Cheng, Catherine Cheng, Anna Volkovinskaia, Glen B Baker, Serdar M Dursun

Publish Year: 2021

DOI: 10.3390/biom11071030

Publication: Biomolecules. 2021 Jul; 11(7): 1030.

Published: 2021/07

Clozapine : Why Is It So Uniquely Effective in the Treatment of a Ra…

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8301879/