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Healthcare
Infant Immunization

Temitanyo Fakoya, Angella Gordon,

Stephanie Lopez,

Brittni Mauer, Marta Zampitella

Significance of immunization

  • Prevention of infectious diseases(Walls et al., 2018).
  • Cost-effective methods of treatment.
  • Reduction of infant mortality and morbidity(Munday et al., 2018).
  • Allows mothers to be knowledgeable.
  • Immunization is considered important in healthcare because it plays roles in preventing infectious diseases. The practices shield infants from illnesses such as influenza and yellow fever.
  • By performing the exercise, caregivers utilize an alternative and cost effective intervention of disease prevention. Better results are achieved in the end.
  • Vaccines are essential in reducing the number of infant deaths within a population. By offering the services, the rate of disease prevalence is reduced significantly.
  • Vaccines are critical in increasing the knowledge base for mothers. The processes ensure that they care for their children appropriately. Health outcomes improve continuously.

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Challenges affecting immunization

  • Cost barriers to poor families.
  • The process requires many resources.
  • Socio-economic disparities(Munday et al., 2018).
  • Uninsured mothers and children.
  • The services of vaccination face difficulties in terms of the money spent. Sometimes, non-white parents from underprivileged communities lack the basic funds to access the practices for their infants.
  • The implementation of the process is time consuming and requires a great amount of resources to be successful. Such factors hinder progress in the lon g term.
  • Through socio-economic disparities, the poor end up suffering in situations where they lack adequate funds to cater for their needs. Such elements limit them from accessing quality healthcare and vaccination for their infant children.
  • The process of immunization in the United States is affected in situations where some mothers lack Medicaid insurance programs. The factors inhibit access to proper medical care and vaccination for their children.

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Outcomes

  • Decreased rates of communicable diseases.
  • Longevity of life for infants(Walls et al., 2018).
  • Improvements in immunization rates.
  • Advancements in healthcare.
  • The immunization process has desirable results in reducing communicable diseases. Mothers benefit entirely alongside their children.
  • Due to immunization activities, the longevity of the lives of infants is increased. Significant progress is achieved in the ends.
  • The processes of vaccination are considered beneficial in terms of the overall rates of immunizing children against diseases. The American nation has experienced positive changes in curbing diseases.
  • Immunization activities are essential in developing advancements within the medical sector. By performing the activities, individuals innovate new and better vaccines for children.

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This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

Education on Prenatal Immunization

  • Flu vaccine
  • Tdap given at 27 to 36 weeks gestation
  • Avoid MMR, Varicella & HPV

There are several steps that a pregnant mother can take to protect their baby before birth. It’s important for pregnant women to be immunized against the flu in any trimester during the flu season. The recommended time to receive the flu vaccine is by the end of October, before flu activity begins to increase (CDC, 2019). As per the CDC recommendations women should also receive their Tdap during their last trimester to protect their newborn against whooping cough. Tdap vaccine and the Flu vaccine are also recommended for those who frequently will be around the baby for example, Dad, grandparents, and other adults (CDC, 2019). Vaccines to avoid are MMR and Varicella (chickenpox). These vaccines are to be avoided during pregnancy because they contain a live weaken virus and could be harmful to the fetus. It is also recommended to avoid becoming pregnant for four weeks after receiving these vaccines.

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Immunization After Birth

  • Hepatitis B vaccine: First 12 hours after birth
  • Vaccines can prevent 14 serious diseases
  • Follow the CDC’s schedule recommendations for the vaccinations

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

When vaccinated, your baby is protected from 14 potentially serious diseases. When a baby is born their immune system is not fully developed, by vaccinations the risk of infections are reduced by working with their body’s natural defenses and strengthening their immune system. In the first 12 hours after birth the Hepatitis B vaccine is administered providing protections/reducing the risk of contracting the disease from members of the family who are not aware they have the disease. CDC’s recommended schedule for the vaccinations should be followed because by delaying or skipping a doses they may not receive any known benefits. By waiting you could expose your child to a serious illness because it can take weeks for the vaccine to work and some require multiple doses to provide protection, not giving the vaccine enough time to work (CDC, 2019)

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Proposal

  • Education during pregnancy
  • SDOH evaluation
  • Educate New mom’s where to find creditable information
  • Social Service consult for SDOH
  • Utilize teach-back method

Education should start during pregnancy. Women should be educated on the vaccinations that are recommended for them and for their newborns. This starts the conversation of any safety concerns or questions they may have. As nurses SDOH evaluation should be part of their assessment, by doing so alerts the nurse if any needed education and or resources to assist the patient (Falkner, 2018). Educating the new mom where to find creditable information. It’s also very important to use the teach-back method when education the patient/family to assess where more education is needed. The core concept of patient-and family-centered care are: Dignity and respect, Information sharing, Participation and Collaboration (Johnson,2016). Patients and families should be given the opportunity to engage and participate in health care decisions and education and community-based interventions to promote health (Johnson, 2016). Social Services consults should be initiated while still in the hospital especially for patients who have SDOH, this facilitates referrals to government programs that can benefit/assist them and assistance with applying for example health insurance, Charity Care.

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References

  • Centers for Disease Control and Preventions [CDC]. (2019, August 5). Making the vaccine decision: Addressing common concern. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/why-vaccinate/vaccine-decision.html
  • Falkner, A. (2018). Cultural awareness. In Grand Canyon University (Ed.). Health promotion: Health and wellness across the continuum. Retrieved from https://lc/gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/#/chapter/3
  • Johnson, B. H. (2016). Promoting patient and family centered care through personal stories. Retrieved from http://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2016&issue=03000&article=00014&type=Fulltext&sessinEnd=true
  • Centers for Disease Control and Preventions [CDC]. (2019, December 16). Pregnancy and vaccination. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pregnancy/index.html
  • Munday, J. D., van Hoek, A. J., Edmunds, W. J., & Atkins, K. E. (2018). Quantifying the impact of social groups and vaccination on inequalities in infectious diseases using a mathematical model. BMC medicine, 16(1), 162.
  • Walls, T., Cho, V., Martin, N., Williman, J., & Brunton, C. (2018). Vaccine Impact on Long-term Trends in Invasive Bacterial Disease in New Zealand Children. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 37(10), 1041-1047.