Globalization & Eating Disorder, Autism & Inclusion, Feminization of Poverty, Global Health Approaches to HIV/AIDS

Globalization and Eating Disorders

Globalization

· Increasingly interdependent global economy

· Multi-directional transnational exchanges:

a. Information

b. Money (capital)

c. Material resources (commodities)

d. Technologies

e. Employment opportunities

f. Population (workers, citizens)

Globalization & disordered eating

· Intro of western media, consumer products, & popular culture contributes to increased risk of disordered eating

a. Broadcast

Eating disorders

· Combo of causative factors

a. Biological, psychological, sociocultural

b. Sociocultural factors can impact risk of feveloping an eating disorder

· For individuals and populations BECKER 2003

Eating disorders & impact of modernization

· Occurence of eating disorders, globally

· Global health burden related to eating disorders has risen by 65.7% since 1990

a. Primarily due to increased prevalence in low to moderate income countries, worldwide (gerbasi 2014)

Reshaping the body: influence of westernized media

· Fijian female teens sought to modify their bodies & body size, influenced by beauty & thinness ideals portrayed in media

· Dieting, exercising, purging

· Often modeled after favorite television character BECKER 2004

Rapid cultural change & disordered eating

· Populations undergoing rapid cultural change are most at work for eating disorders

a. Prompted by efforts to cope with & adapt to social/ economic changes

· Firji’s transition from subsistence based agricultural economy to market based wage economy

b. Body reshaping strategies used by fijan teens to aid chances of securing wage earning jobs in a rapidly modernizing economy BECKER 2004

Autism Inclusion

“People with autism can teach us a lot about vision”

· Grinker 2009

Autism and cultural change

· Increased visibility and public presence of autism

a. Contributes to higher autism prevalence rates

b. Signals important cultural changes that are facilitating social integration of people w autism - grinker 2009

Loving Lampposts cinema libre studio 2011

· Stakeholders explanatory understandings of autism

· Stakeholders preferred responses to autism

· What can we learn from different abled people with autism

The autism acceptance project

· Consumer-led autism rights organization

· “Autistic people are different and equal members of society” (TAAp 2013)

Autism and cultures of inclusion

· I dont have a disease i have disabilities that cause unease especially for people like you”

Autism culture and the life course

-culturally- attuned early life intervention

Culturally and socially meaningful peer relations during adolescence

Culturally salient, productive roles and contributions in adulthood

Adequate cultural and social support throughout the aging process

· Inclusive therapeutic setting for neurodiverse youth on the autism spectrum

· Collaborative live action role playing games

· Provides structured safe community that values inclusion and acceptance of differences fein 2015

Autism and neurodiversity

· Neurodiversity movement

a. Stems from autistic civil rights movement

b. Recognizes as neurological diversity as a natural form of human variation

c. Promotes social justice for those with neurological differences e

Autistic self advocacy network

· Self advocacy begins by understanding that rights are never granted from above

· They are grasped from below by those with the courage

Human diversity and human development

· Different patterns of development across the human population

· “There isnt a single proper way to develop

· Diversity has ensured long term human survival across a wide range of ecological niches

Cultural continuity and change

· Cultural continuity

a. Accumulated cultural wisdom, tradition, life ways , and solutions passed between generations

· Cultural change

a. Cultural adaptability, innovation, & creativity in response to new problems

Feminization of Poverty

· income/ wage gap between men & women

a. A persistent worldwide trend

b. “Poverty strikes women particularly harshly” murray 2008

· Poverty adversely affects womens access to basic resources/ oppurtunities and womens overall qualityof life

Gendered Disparities: worldwide trends

· Gendered disparities in infant mortality rates, worldwide

a. Gender discrimination & unequal access to health care

· Gendered disparities in literacy rates, worldwide

a. Females unequal access to education

· Gendered disparities in paid labor opportunities worldwide

a. Females unequal pay for unqual work

Health: A state of complete well being

“Healthy is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”

Gender disparities: poverty, health, human rights

· Gender disparities in health circumstances and outcomes for women, globally

a. Associoated with womens unequal access to financidal and material resources, worldwide

· Poverty correlates directly with poor health

b. Intertwining of public health & human rights issues

Women's empowerment in areas of healthy and human rights

· Global emphasis on women’s empowerment, intiative, human rights:

a. Womens rights are human rights

b. Social change efforts to improve women’s living conditions and access to necessary resources

HIv / AIDS

Social determinants of health & ill health

· Macro-level social forces impact health circumstances, trajectories, & outcomes

a. Poverty, racism, gender, inequality, political violence, war

b. Impact upon:

· Which individuals/ groups are at risk for falling ill?

· Which individuals/ groups have access to health care

Structural violence

· Links personal sufferings with broad-scale social forces

· Impact of poverty, racism, etcs., on vulenerable categories/ groups of individuals

a. Strucutral patterning of chronic disease distribution & outcomes:

· Asthma, HIV/aids

· Offers pathways for remediating injustices & disparities

a. Social, economic & environmental justice Farmer 2010/ 2006

Partners in Health

· Global health organization

a. Haiti, rwanda, malawi, U.S

· Community-based treatment & community support strategies

a. hiv/aids

b. Tuberculosis

c. Poverty

d. Malnutrition

HIV/AIDS & poverty: integrated treatment & prevention

· Public-private partnerships & community-based care

a. Provides health care services

b. Addresses social & economic barriers to healthcare access/adherence

· Communtiy health workers

· “Wraparound services”

a. Free medical treatment, food supplements, adequate housing FARMER 2010,2006

HIV/ AIds in South Africa

· Rates of HIV/AIDS in sub-saharan africa are among the highest in the world