Classical Argument English 1301 Essay

You must have 8 sources and a visual (chart, graph, or image)

At least 6 from the library-Academic Search Complete, Opposing Viewpoints, Books, etc

You can also use a credible website, interview, field research/survey, questionnaire, etc

Show Logos, Ethos, & Pathos (you will not label these in the text. It should be applied throughout the paper).

· Logos-

· Reasoning-inductive or deductive

· Compare/contrast-show good/bad to change the way a person sees A or B.

· Concrete examples-multiple examples to prove point?

· Direct quotes-from credible sources that strengthen the point being made

· Statistics-from credible sources that strengthen the point being made

· Definitions-given to clarify

· Ethos-

· Knowledge of the author

· The appeal to authority (credible sources: quoting experts, using statistics, citing information from credible sources. Where does the information come from?

· Appealing to the opposition: granting validity to the opposition/demonstrating respect for the opposition. An effective writer will clearly and fairly list the arguments of the opposition, without insulting or diminishing them. She or he will point out aspects of the opponent’s arguments that are valid. Effective authors will take pains to show that while they disagree with their opponents, they still respect them.

· Pathos-

· Personal testimony occurs when the writer describes an event they have directly experienced. The author’s experiences are intended to be representative of a general tendency

· Illustrative anecdotes- stories the author tells about other people

· Emotion-laden words and phrases

· Descriptions

Audience: In this essay, you’re addressing a potentially resistant audience. Thus, you should keep in mind that you need to provide particularly thorough, documented evidence in order to persuade your audience. You must note the credentials of each source, so your audience can be assured that the sources are trustworthy (include the title of each authority; relevant info to prove each authority’s lack of bias; dates, methods, and funding source of studies.).

Convey an intelligent, controlled tone. Avoid overly aggressive, angry language. This argument is written for an academic audience, which tends to be impressed by supported facts, strong organization, and intelligent reasoning--not derision or name-calling. Whatever you do, don’t jeer at your opponent. A derisive stance tends to hurts your credibility.

The opposition: You should summarize the opposing viewpoints within body paragraphs, then you can respond to those views by either refuting or conceding. Refute weak points and concede strengths of the argument.

Quotations: You should use direct quotations and provide explanations. Use no more than 1 long/ block quote (a quote with 3 or more lines). Aim to have 2-4 pieces of quoted material per main point. Do not forget to explain why these are important to your argument.

Paper Requirements:

Proper Heading (Name, Class, Date)

Proper Header (Last name, pg # in upper right corner)

3rd person Point of View

6-9 pages

Double spaced

12 point font

Time New Roman

Works Cited Page

Outline: Paper #3

· Introduction

· Attention-getter-what is your attention-getter

· Summary-briefly summarize the issue, identify what’s at stake, and give background information. This should be 3-4 sentences long.

· Identify your position (with a thesis statement). You should include main points in your thesis. Your thesis should be the last sentence of your introduction.

· Body Paragraphs

A) Point 1- Describe the first point you are making

· Evidence from source

· Why does it matter? How is it important? What is the relationship/connection to the topic?

· Evidence from source

· Why does it matter? How is it important? What is the relationship/connection to the topic?

· Summarize opposing view and refute or concede if relevant to this point

B) Point 2- Describe the second point you are making

· Evidence from source

· Why does it matter? How is it important? What is the relationship/connection to the topic?

· Evidence from source

· Why does it matter? How is it important? What is the relationship/connection to the topic?

· Summarize opposing view and refute or concede if relevant to this point

C) Point 3- Describe the third point you are making

· Evidence from source

· Why does it matter? How is it important? What is the relationship/connection to the topic?

· Evidence from source

· Why does it matter? How is it important? What is the relationship/connection to the topic?

· Summarize opposing view and refute or concede if relevant to this point

D) Point 4- Describe the fourth point you are making

· Evidence from source

· Why does it matter? How is it important? What is the relationship/connection to the topic?

· Evidence from source

· Why does it matter? How is it important? What is the relationship/connection to the topic?

· Summarize opposing view and refute or concede if relevant to this point

· Conclusion

· Restate thesis

· Tie up any loose ends

· Provide a solution, proposal, or course of action for the issue

· OR, provide a compromise to the issue if relevant