English 150

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Irish History: A short Introduction

Ancient Ireland: The Iron Age, The Bronze age, the Golden Age

--Tribes: Tuadh de Dannan, the Celts

--Kingdoms: Ulster, Munster, Leinster, Connaught. Capital : Tara

--Ringforts and burial mounds: Tara, Newgrange

--Irish mythology, e.g. the Tain Bo Cuigne

Early Medieval Ireland

--St. Patrick, 432AD Story of Pascal Fire on Hill of Slane

--’Ireland, Island of Saints and Scholars

--Medieval Monasteries: Learning, and ‘Saving Western Civilization’

--Illustrated MS, e.g. The Book of Kells

--Vikings arrive; Round towers, Cities, e.g. Dublin. 1014, Battle of Clontarf, Brian Boru

The Book of Kells

An Tain

--Queen Maeve

--Knocknarea

--Ancienct Ireland, a Matriarchy

--Source of heroic stories: Maeve, the white Bull, Cuchulain, Ferdia, Oisin, Deirdre…..

--Later, inspired the ‘Gaelic Revival,’ especially Yeats.

Norman Ireland:

--1169: Diarmuid McMurrough and the O’Rourke

--Anglo-Normans arrive and conquer

--Become ‘More Irish than the Irish Themselves’

--Castles

--Fitzgeralds, Butlers, Desmonds

--Pictured: Ross castle, Killarney

Tudor, Cromwellian and Stuart Ireland:

--Henry VIII and the Church of Ireland

--Elizabeth:

Colonization

2. Surrender and Regrant

3.The Plantation of Munster

4. Later Plantation of Ulster

--Flight of the Earls

--Cromwell: ‘To Hell or to Connaught’

--’Williamite Wars’ Battle of the Boyne, 1691

Eighteenth-Century Ireland

--Jonathan Swift, Edmund Burke,

--Irish Parliament

--1798 Rebellion

--1800 Act of Union

19th c. Ireland

--1803 Eobert Emmet’s Rebellion

--1829. Catholic Emancipation, Daniel O’Connell

--1845 Young Irelander’s Rebellion

--1845-49: The Great Famine, An Gorta Mor

--1867: The Fenians

--1871 on: The Land War, Micheal Davitt

--Home Rule Campaign: Charles Stewart Parnell

The Great Famine and the birth of Modern Ireland

--I million died

--1 million emigrated

--workhouses

--evictions

--genocide?

--relation to other famines

--death of the Irish language

--global food, agriculture, politics

Irish Mass Emigration:

--70 million Irish descendants in the world

--Populatioin continued to drop until late 20th c.

--Compare to other diasporas

1916 Rising, Dublin

1919-21 War of Independence

1921-22. Anglo-Irish Treaty, founding of Irish Free State

--Northern Ireland , partition

--’The Emergency’ 1939-45

--’Catholic Ireland’

1973: Ireland Joins European Union

1969-1995. ‘Northern Irish Troubles’

1995: ‘Good Friday Agreement’. Ends Troubles

Northern Troubles: 1969-1995

--Civil Rights marches

--Bernadette Devlin

--Bloody Sunday

--Internment

--Ian Paisley

--The IRA

--The Hunger Strikes

--Bobby Sands

--Sinn Fein, Gerry Adams

--Good Friday Agreement

--’Powersharing’

Contemporary Ireland:

--Unparalleled economic growth

--World’s largest ‘tax haven’—Apple, Google, Facebook European HQ, etc

--EU membership, geopolitical role

--Immigration: population of Island now at 6m approx.

--New secular, multicultural society

Irish Marraaige Equality, 2015