Health Care Organization-Theory Discussion continuation

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Health Care Organization Development (Contingency Theory) Christina Valvo HA510

History • Austrian psychologist Fred Edward Fiedler proposed Contingency theory. • This theory was presented in 1964. • Contingency theory firstly published in an article named "A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness.” • This theory was mainly developed after studying different organizational context(Fiedler, 1964).

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Leaders have the formal position in an organization • The action of leaders should be based on situation(Fiedler, 1964). • Proper structure should be developed for tasks • Building leader and follower interpersonal relationship is essential

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Contingency theory insist on optimal course of action. • The action depends on external and internal situation. • Application of leadership style considering the nature of situation(Fiedler, 1964). • Management of things in the most suitable way.

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Contingency theory is mainly connected with: • Skills and styles • Situations and traits • Situations and styles • Styles and traits

Situational Variables • As per contingency theory the situation are featured by three main factors such as: • Position power • Leader-member relations • Task structure

Position power • Authority of a leader to reward and punish the follower. • It consists of the legitimate power on behalf of a leader • Leader has the power or authority to manage work force • Leader hires, fires, appreciates and punish the workforce considering the level of performance.

Leader-Member Relation • Leaders integrate workforce and develop new structures • Relationship is dependent on merit and job performance • The relationship between leaders and members is based on criticism and trust

Task structure • The workforce understands the requirement clearly •  Few alternatives provided to accomplish the task • Task is clearly demonstrated to workforce • Limited number of correct solutions are available completely structured tasks give more control to the leader(Skinner, 2014). • Vague tasks lessen the leader’s control and influence on workforce

Notable user of Contingency Theory • A notable user of contingency theory is Apple Inc. “There is no one right way of leadership and that a leader must adjust their style depending on the context.”

• Contingency theory is being applied in Apple Inc. • The leader-member relationship are strong. • The things are managed as per the situations. • External and internal factors are managed considering the most suitable approach that fits to the entire situation.

Today’s health care administrations • Health care is in constant flux. • Changes in medical practice •  Insurance, Medicare and regulations change regularly. • Management should stay flexible • Remain capable of reorganizing structurally as per the health care demand

Contingency theory can teach: • Optimizing services • Practical optimization applications including appointment • Scheduling • Operating room scheduling • Capacity planning, • Healthcare facility location

Contingency theory can teach: • Managing staff • Contingency theory application in health care would offer to manage staff as per the requirements. • Integrating numbers of Inputs • View the healthcare facility as a whole not as unit

References •  Fiedler, F. E. (1964). A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness. In Advances in experimental social psychology , 1 (2), 149-190. • Nohria, N. a. ( 2010). Handbook of leadership theory and practice. Harvard Business Press. • Skinner, B. F. (2014). Contingencies of reinforcement: A theoretical analysis. Skinner Foundation.

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2/16/18

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Health Care Organization Development (Contingency Theory) Christina Valvo HA510

History • Austrian psychologist Fred Edward Fiedler proposed Contingency theory. • This theory was presented in 1964. • Contingency theory firstly published in an article named "A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness.” • This theory was mainly developed after studying different organizational context(Fiedler, 1964).

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Leaders have the formal position in an organization • The action of leaders should be based on situation(Fiedler, 1964). • Proper structure should be developed for tasks • Building leader and follower interpersonal relationship is essential

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Contingency theory insist on optimal course of action. • The action depends on external and internal situation. • Application of leadership style considering the nature of situation(Fiedler, 1964). • Management of things in the most suitable way.

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Contingency theory is mainly connected with: • Skills and styles • Situations and traits • Situations and styles • Styles and traits

Situational Variables • As per contingency theory the situation are featured by three main factors such as: • Position power • Leader-member relations • Task structure

Position power • Authority of a leader to reward and punish the follower. • It consists of the legitimate power on behalf of a leader • Leader has the power or authority to manage work force • Leader hires, fires, appreciates and punish the workforce considering the level of performance.

Leader-Member Relation • Leaders integrate workforce and develop new structures • Relationship is dependent on merit and job performance • The relationship between leaders and members is based on criticism and trust

Task structure • The workforce understands the requirement clearly •  Few alternatives provided to accomplish the task • Task is clearly demonstrated to workforce • Limited number of correct solutions are available completely structured tasks give more control to the leader(Skinner, 2014). • Vague tasks lessen the leader’s control and influence on workforce

Notable user of Contingency Theory • A notable user of contingency theory is Apple Inc. “There is no one right way of leadership and that a leader must adjust their style depending on the context.”

• Contingency theory is being applied in Apple Inc. • The leader-member relationship are strong. • The things are managed as per the situations. • External and internal factors are managed considering the most suitable approach that fits to the entire situation.

Today’s health care administrations • Health care is in constant flux. • Changes in medical practice •  Insurance, Medicare and regulations change regularly. • Management should stay flexible • Remain capable of reorganizing structurally as per the health care demand

Contingency theory can teach: • Optimizing services • Practical optimization applications including appointment • Scheduling • Operating room scheduling • Capacity planning, • Healthcare facility location

Contingency theory can teach: • Managing staff • Contingency theory application in health care would offer to manage staff as per the requirements. • Integrating numbers of Inputs • View the healthcare facility as a whole not as unit

References •  Fiedler, F. E. (1964). A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness. In Advances in experimental social psychology , 1 (2), 149-190. • Nohria, N. a. ( 2010). Handbook of leadership theory and practice. Harvard Business Press. • Skinner, B. F. (2014). Contingencies of reinforcement: A theoretical analysis. Skinner Foundation.

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2/16/18

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Health Care Organization Development (Contingency Theory) Christina Valvo HA510

History • Austrian psychologist Fred Edward Fiedler proposed Contingency theory. • This theory was presented in 1964. • Contingency theory firstly published in an article named "A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness.” • This theory was mainly developed after studying different organizational context(Fiedler, 1964).

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Leaders have the formal position in an organization • The action of leaders should be based on situation(Fiedler, 1964). • Proper structure should be developed for tasks • Building leader and follower interpersonal relationship is essential

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Contingency theory insist on optimal course of action. • The action depends on external and internal situation. • Application of leadership style considering the nature of situation(Fiedler, 1964). • Management of things in the most suitable way.

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Contingency theory is mainly connected with: • Skills and styles • Situations and traits • Situations and styles • Styles and traits

Situational Variables • As per contingency theory the situation are featured by three main factors such as: • Position power • Leader-member relations • Task structure

Position power • Authority of a leader to reward and punish the follower. • It consists of the legitimate power on behalf of a leader • Leader has the power or authority to manage work force • Leader hires, fires, appreciates and punish the workforce considering the level of performance.

Leader-Member Relation • Leaders integrate workforce and develop new structures • Relationship is dependent on merit and job performance • The relationship between leaders and members is based on criticism and trust

Task structure • The workforce understands the requirement clearly •  Few alternatives provided to accomplish the task • Task is clearly demonstrated to workforce • Limited number of correct solutions are available completely structured tasks give more control to the leader(Skinner, 2014). • Vague tasks lessen the leader’s control and influence on workforce

Notable user of Contingency Theory • A notable user of contingency theory is Apple Inc. “There is no one right way of leadership and that a leader must adjust their style depending on the context.”

• Contingency theory is being applied in Apple Inc. • The leader-member relationship are strong. • The things are managed as per the situations. • External and internal factors are managed considering the most suitable approach that fits to the entire situation.

Today’s health care administrations • Health care is in constant flux. • Changes in medical practice •  Insurance, Medicare and regulations change regularly. • Management should stay flexible • Remain capable of reorganizing structurally as per the health care demand

Contingency theory can teach: • Optimizing services • Practical optimization applications including appointment • Scheduling • Operating room scheduling • Capacity planning, • Healthcare facility location

Contingency theory can teach: • Managing staff • Contingency theory application in health care would offer to manage staff as per the requirements. • Integrating numbers of Inputs • View the healthcare facility as a whole not as unit

References •  Fiedler, F. E. (1964). A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness. In Advances in experimental social psychology , 1 (2), 149-190. • Nohria, N. a. ( 2010). Handbook of leadership theory and practice. Harvard Business Press. • Skinner, B. F. (2014). Contingencies of reinforcement: A theoretical analysis. Skinner Foundation.

Thank you

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2/16/18

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Health Care Organization Development (Contingency Theory) Christina Valvo HA510

History • Austrian psychologist Fred Edward Fiedler proposed Contingency theory. • This theory was presented in 1964. • Contingency theory firstly published in an article named "A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness.” • This theory was mainly developed after studying different organizational context(Fiedler, 1964).

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Leaders have the formal position in an organization • The action of leaders should be based on situation(Fiedler, 1964). • Proper structure should be developed for tasks • Building leader and follower interpersonal relationship is essential

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Contingency theory insist on optimal course of action. • The action depends on external and internal situation. • Application of leadership style considering the nature of situation(Fiedler, 1964). • Management of things in the most suitable way.

Fiedler's Contingency Model • Contingency theory is mainly connected with: • Skills and styles • Situations and traits • Situations and styles • Styles and traits

Situational Variables • As per contingency theory the situation are featured by three main factors such as: • Position power • Leader-member relations • Task structure

Position power • Authority of a leader to reward and punish the follower. • It consists of the legitimate power on behalf of a leader • Leader has the power or authority to manage work force • Leader hires, fires, appreciates and punish the workforce considering the level of performance.

Leader-Member Relation • Leaders integrate workforce and develop new structures • Relationship is dependent on merit and job performance • The relationship between leaders and members is based on criticism and trust

Task structure • The workforce understands the requirement clearly •  Few alternatives provided to accomplish the task • Task is clearly demonstrated to workforce • Limited number of correct solutions are available completely structured tasks give more control to the leader(Skinner, 2014). • Vague tasks lessen the leader’s control and influence on workforce

Notable user of Contingency Theory • A notable user of contingency theory is Apple Inc. “There is no one right way of leadership and that a leader must adjust their style depending on the context.”

• Contingency theory is being applied in Apple Inc. • The leader-member relationship are strong. • The things are managed as per the situations. • External and internal factors are managed considering the most suitable approach that fits to the entire situation.

Today’s health care administrations • Health care is in constant flux. • Changes in medical practice •  Insurance, Medicare and regulations change regularly. • Management should stay flexible • Remain capable of reorganizing structurally as per the health care demand

Contingency theory can teach: • Optimizing services • Practical optimization applications including appointment • Scheduling • Operating room scheduling • Capacity planning, • Healthcare facility location

Contingency theory can teach: • Managing staff • Contingency theory application in health care would offer to manage staff as per the requirements. • Integrating numbers of Inputs • View the healthcare facility as a whole not as unit

References •  Fiedler, F. E. (1964). A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness. In Advances in experimental social psychology , 1 (2), 149-190. • Nohria, N. a. ( 2010). Handbook of leadership theory and practice. Harvard Business Press. • Skinner, B. F. (2014). Contingencies of reinforcement: A theoretical analysis. Skinner Foundation.

Thank you

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