2 pages essay

Portland State University Chicano/Latino Communities

Chicano/Latino Studies CHLA 301U

Prof. de Anda Winter Quarter 2021

Exam 1

Instructions: Choose one question and write a 2.5-3.0 page essay (double-space, not more than 850 words). You should provide a word count at the end of your essay.

Do not copy the question — simply indicate the number of the question and start your essay. I am going to evaluate your essays based on two criteria: form (i.e., organization of essay and grammar) and content (i.e., what you say).

I am asking you to summarize the argument in Rios’s book, Punish. That is, take his argument and put it in your own words. Do not insert your opinion. If you do, it will count against your grade. You are not to use direct quotes from the book, except for definitions of technical terms such as youth control complex or hypermasculinity.

The exam is due before midnight on Sunday, February 14th. Late exams will be penalized at a rate of 5.7 points out of 100 for every 24 hours that it is late, starting with the first 24 hours.

Choose one question:

Q1: Describe the youth control complex (Chapter 4). What is its purpose? Discuss the role of three of the institutions that make up the youth control complex (e.g., schools, police, family, etc.). What are “courtesy stigmas”? Define terms and provide examples (descriptions of examples should be concise).

Q2: Discuss the significance that defiance and resistance have for the young men in the barrio (Chapter 5)? What is oppositional culture? Provide examples of self-defeating resistance (descriptions of examples should be concise). How do these experiences affect the young men’s chances for upward social mobility, that is, getting a good paying job and moving out of poverty?

Q3: Discuss how punitive measures create and reinforce hypermasculinity (Chapter 6). How do the young men respond to masculinity challenges (e.g., threats, insults from peers, etc.)? Define terms and provide examples (descriptions of examples should be concise).