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CHILDREN MATH ANXIETY QUESTIONNAIRE: DIMENSIONALITY AND VALIDITY

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CHILDREN MATH ANXIETY QUESTIONNAIRE: DIMENSIONALITY AND VALIDITY

Ilija Milovanović, Jasmina Kodžopeljić, & Jasmina Pekić

Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad

INTRODUCTION

Math anxiety is defined as a feeling of tension, apprehension, or fear that interferes with math performance. It is determined that math anxiety is related to poor math performance on math achievement tests, problems during math learning and avoidance of situations in which person has to perform mathematical calculations. Some of previous research claims that math anxiety is developing from the primary school period, or earlier. Also, gender and age differences were detected in favour of girls and older students, but there is some research that give an opposite conclusions. So far, there is no math anxiety questionnaires that have been established and could be applied to children of early elementary school age in Serbia.

METHOD

The aim of this study was to examine dimensionality and validity of Children Math Anxiety Questionnaire (CMAQ), as well as to

INSTRUMENTS: SAMPLE:

investigate gender

and age differences

255 elementary school children

(50.3% ; mean age = 7.94 y;

1st & 2nd grade)

1. Children Math Anxiety Questionnaire (CMAQ;

Ramirez et al., 2013; 3-point

pictorial scale) - α = .92

EFA & CFA = 1 FACTOR

.78 2. HOW WOULD YOU FEEL IF YOU WERE GIVEN THIS PROBLEM? THERE ARE 13 DUCKS IN THE .71

2. unidimensional Checklist of problems in learning mathematics (CHL-M; Kodžopeljić & Milovanović, 2017; 3-point scale assessed by teacher) - 13 items; α = .91

averageRESULTS 3. Math achievement - overall math grade point

CFI = .95; TLI = .96; RMSEA = .07 .76 .83 .82 χ2 = 47.74; df = 20; p < .01; Math anxiety .63

1. HOW DO YOU FEEL WHEN TAKING A BIG TEST IN YOUR MATH CLASS?

WATER. THERE ARE 6 DUCKS IN THE GRASS. HOW MANY DUCKS ARE THERE IN ALL?

.75 3. HOW WOULD YOU FEEL IF YOU WERE GIVEN THIS PROBLEM? YOU SCORED 15 POINTS. YOUR

FRIEND SCORED 8 POINTS. HOW MANY MORE POINTS DID YOU SCORE THAN YOUR FRIEND?

4. HOW DO YOU FEEL WHEN GETTING YOUR MATH BOOK AND SEEING ALL THE NUMBERS IN IT?

1. HOW DO YOU FEEL WHEN YOU HAVE TO SOLVE "27 + 15"?
2. HOW DO YOU FEEL WHEN FIGURING OUT IF YOU HAVE ENOUGH MONEY TO BUY A CANDY

.80 BAR AND A SOFT DRINK?

1. HOW DO YOU FEEL WHEN YOU HAVE TO SOLVE "34 -17"?
2. HOW DO YOU FEEL WHEN YOU GET CALLED ON BY THE TEACHER TO EXPLAIN A MATH PROBLEM ON THE BOARD?

CHL-M MATH ACHIEVEMENT GENDER DIFFERENCES

correlations

Math anxiety

#in favor of older students *p<.05; **p<.01

t = -2.87** AGE DIFFERENCES#

.16* -.25**

Results of this research

CONCLUSION

developed high math anxiety in early

overcoming the problem

n.s.

primary school. This detection could be the the

indicate that the unidimensional measure of math anxiety shows good psychometric

of negative influence of math anxiety on math performance.

properties and adequate patterns of relations with other constructs in the context of divergent validity. It seems that CMAQ can be applied in Serbian schools by school psychologists in order to detect students, of both sexes, who

first step which leads to