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Childhood Obesity

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The number of non-communicable diseases is growing steadily in both developing and developed countries. This is a consequence not only of an increase in the life expectancy of the population, but also of malnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle. Changes in diet are complemented by socio-economic and technological development, as well as accelerated urbanization. Among the dietary non-communicable diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious problem as its prevalence is growing rapidly worldwide. The T2DM increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, kidney disease, disability and premature mortality, and also carries a heavy economic burden on patients, their families and the health care system (Foster, et al 2015). Similarly, the prevalence of obesity continues to grow worldwide, the number of overweight and obese people in 2013 reached 2.1 billion. One of the population groups affected by obesity is children and adolescents. Children represent the special group because they are the future of every nation and healthy children means healthier nation. Since obesity is the main risk factor for the development of T2DM, understanding the pathogenesis of childhood obesity and the study of methods aimed at reducing body weight are of great importance for the prevention and treatment of T2DM (Farrow, Haycraft & Blissett, 2015). The choice of best intervention for obesity among children is still a problem. Application of evidence-based practice proposed by Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt (2015) could help us get a clear picture on what choices are best for managing childhood obesity

References

Farrow, C. V., Haycraft, E., & Blissett, J. M. (2015). Teaching our children when to eat: how parental feeding practices inform the development of emotional eating- a longitudinal experimental design. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 101, 908-913. Doi 10.3945/ajcn.114.103713

Foster, B. A., Farragher, J., Parker, P., & Sosa, E. T. (2015). Treatment interventions for early childhood obesity: A systematic review. Academic Pediatrics, 15(4), 353-361. doi:10.1016/j.acap.2015.04.037

Melnyk, B.M. & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2015). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (3rd ed.) (pp. 11). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health.