Test 1 ( take home )
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ChapterSix.pptBasic Foot Anatomy
What is the function of the lower extremity? Did you realize the upper and lower extremity have bony arrangements that are almost identical?
Basic Foot Anatomy - Bones
- Phalanges – 14
- Metatarsals – 5
- Tarsals –7
- Talus
- Calcaneus (heel bone)
- Navicular
- Cuboid
- Cuneiform (3)
Bones of the Foot
- The most commonly fractured bone of the foot is the 5th metatarsal, at the base where it spreads out at the mid foot.
- The calcaneus is probably the hardest bone of the foot to fracture.
Basic Anatomy - Ankle
- Bones
- Tibia – weight bearing bone
- Fibula – non weight bearing bone
- Talus
- The tibia and fibula articulate with the talus, that is where the ankle joint is located.
Ligaments
- There are more ligaments damaged on the lateral side of the ankle, since a vast majority of the ankle sprains are inversion sprains.
Basic Anatomy - Ankle
- Ligaments
- Lateral
- Medial
- Lateral
- Anterior Talofibular
- Posterior Talofibular
- Calcaneofibular
Basic Anatomy - Ankle
- Medial
- Deltoid
- Arches of Foot
- Medial Longitudinal
- Lateral Longitudinal
- Anterior Metatarsal
- Transverse
Basic Anatomy – Foot & Ankle
- Movements – these are the major movements not all the movements at the ankle joint.
- Inversion
- Eversion
- Dorsi-flexion
- Plantar flexion
Injuries to the Foot & Ankle
- Some injuries are relatively minor, but that does not make them any less important.
- We as athletic trainers spend a huge part of our day taping for ankle sprains, but remember there are other injuries just as important.
Injuries to the Foot & Ankle
- Ankle sprains
- First degree
- Second degree
- Third degree
- Blisters on Feet
- Treatment
- Corns
- Hard and Soft
Injuries to the Foot & Ankle
- Ingrown toenail
- Athletes feet
- Callus
- How to prevent
- How to treat
- Broken bones
- Fallen arches
Injuries to the Foot & Ankle
- Turf Toe
- Heel Bruise
- Achilles tendon strain
- Achilles tendon rupture
Special Tests for Injuries
- Bump Test
- Preliminary test for fracture of the ankle
- Squeeze Test
- Preliminary test for fracture of fibula
- Thompson Test
- Preliminary test for rupture to Achilles
Rehabilitation
- Remember – all rehab programs will have components that are the same, you will just address the particular injury in a little different fashion.
Rehabilitation for Ankle Injury
- Stage I – Non Weight Bearing
- Stage II – Weight Bearing
- Stage III – Sport Specific Work
Rehab Protocol for Ankle
- Total Body Conditioning
- Muscular Strength & Endurance
- Flexibility
- Proprioception
- Body Mechanics
- Cardiovascular Conditioning
- Sport Specific Demands
Pre Taping the Ankle
- There are a number of steps involved in getting the ankle ready for taping. The next slide discusses those steps.
- One of the most important things is for you the athletic trainer to be in good posture to tape the ankle.
Taping An Ankle
- Shave the area
- Clean the area
- Special Considerations
- Allergies, infections, cuts, etc.
- Spray adherent
- Skin lubricant
- Underwrap
