HP Strategies & Tactics
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Chapter8PPT1.pptxCh. 16 Communicating Research to Help Influence Policy and Practice- ReCap
Eyler, Chriqui, Moreland-Russell & Brownson, 2016
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Know your audience – who is/are the policymaker(s)?
opinions and beliefs
voting records
sponsored or proposed legislative bills
most national and state elected policymakers are likely to have dedicated web- sites, Facebook pages, blogs, or Twitter accounts
News media stories
Ch. 16 Communicating Research to Help Influence Policy and Practice- ReCap
Eyler, Chriqui, Moreland-Russell & Brownson, 2016
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Communication Planning
Develop the Storyline (Meta-message)
The storyline represents the major conclusion one is trying to convey to policymakers
To develop messages consider the questions policymakers most often want answered
Is there a problem?
If so, is there a solution for the problem?
What do we do?
How much will it cost to solve the problem?
How does this help my constituents?
Will this make me look good (to the media, to my constituents, and to the powerful interests that shape my region)?
All children must be vaccinated against MMR before entering elementary school
Communicating with Policymakers Policymaking Environment Communicating Data- Sample Policy Brief
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Sample policy brief: Hep C Policy Brief
Communicating with Policymakers Policymaking Environment Communicating Data- Visuals
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Sample policy brief: Hep C Policy Brief
Bar charts: Magnitude; patterns; relative differences
Pie charts: Proportions; magnitude
Communicating with Policymakers Policymaking Environment Visuals
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Line graphs: Trends over time; Increases, decreases, stability
Communicating with Policymakers Policymaking Environment In-Person Meetings
Occur in:
Legislative hearing:
Involve one or more experts providing short testimonies to policymakers, followed by questions from legislators
Testimony is short (a few minutes), and it is sometimes prepared in advance and read to committee members
Data presented vis posters, PowerPoint or some other type of slide presentation software
Come well-prepared to communicate key messages, and responding appropriately to questions
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Chapter 8
Public Policy & Physical Activity
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IDENTIFYING THE PROBLEM: PHYSICAL INACTIVITY AND CONSEQUENCES
Importance of physical activity for disease prevention and health promotion is well established
Known health benefits include:
Prevention of risk factors related to cardiovascular disease
Improvements in functional health and mental health
Reduction in premature deaths
2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans established guidelines
Adults should participate weekly in at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity activity, 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity, or a combination
Children should participate in 60 minutes or more of moderate to vigorous physical activity each day
However, only 36.5% of children and 41.1% of adults met these guidelines in 2009–2010 and rates have shown little improvement over the last decade
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Epidemiology
Surveillance data also demonstrates that physical activity prevalence varies by population subgroup
Female, older age, Hispanic, having lower levels of education, and having a higher body mass index (BMI) are shown to be associated with being less physically active.
Prevalence of physical inactivity is also of concern and varies by state
33 states, almost one quarter of the population reported not engaging in any leisure-time physical activity
Prevalence of inactivity and increasingly sedentary behaviors = increase in adverse health effects
Technology coupled with reduced physical activity in occupational work, home/domestic work, and travel have all contributed to an increasingly sedentary population
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Epidemiology
A large proportion of Americans are not getting enough daily physical activity and efforts are needed to promote an increase in “lifestyle” activity or ways to build in more physical movement, and less sedentary time, into the daily lives of Americans
Policies can play an important role in promoting lifestyle physical activity by making the choice to be physically active the “easy choice”
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Public Policy Strategies Related to Physical Activity
Policy and environmental changes to provide opportunities, support and cues to help individuals become more active
In the U.S. there are 3 overarching policy and environmental strategies
Creating or enhancing safe places for physical activity
Enhancing physical education and physical activity in schools
Supporting street and community-scale designs that facilitate physical activity
Policies can be particularly relevant in reducing barriers that often inhibit physical activity
Automobile-oriented transportation systems
Community designs that require driving
Sedentary jobs
Lack of physical education in schools
Lack of or poorly maintained parks and public spaces
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Public Policy Strategies Related to Physical Activity
A policy approach to increasing population physical activity requires collaboration and interaction among a wide variety of stakeholders and policymakers
Cooperation and creating a shared vision of varied goals and objectives across stakeholders is key to successful policy initiatives to promote population physical activity
Increasing the number of children who walk or bicycle to school will inevitably increase the time students spend being physically active
Key stakeholders reported a variety of reasons for supporting the policies:
Traffic abatement around the school (public safety officials)
Reduced bus costs (school administration)
Better student attention and focus for lessons (teachers)
2010 U.S. National Physical Activity Plan
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Public Policy Strategies Related to Physical Activity
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The 2018 United States Report Card on
Physical Activity for
Children and Youth
Public Policy Strategies Related to Physical Activity
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Public Policy Strategies Related to Physical Activity
California was the first state in the country to legislate a Safe Routes to School (SR2S) program
AB 1475 in 1999
2007, AB 57 extended the program indefinitely with funding provided from the State Highway Account
Make grants available to local governmental agencies under the program based upon the results of a statewide competition
To date, there have been nine program cycles released under the SR2S program
$7 million of the funds were awarded in rural counties with $28 million awarded to projects that included at least one low-income school
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Public Policy Strategies Related to Physical Activity
Public Policy Strategies Related to Physical Activity
Physical Activity Policy Examples Around the Globe
Brazil
The Academia da Cidade Program (loosely translated as “city gyms”)
Health promotion policy with a focus on physical activity, leisure, and healthy eating
Began in the city of Recife in 2002
Participation rate of over 300,000 and includes 19 settings in which activities are offered free of charge
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Public Policy Strategies Related to Physical Activity
Physical Activity Policy Examples Around the Globe
Bogota, Columbia: Ciclovia program
Temporarily closes streets to motorized transport allowing access only to walkers, runners, and cyclists for recreation and socialization
Implemented every Sunday and holiday throughout the year from 7 am to 2 pm over a 121-kilometer-long stretch of road in sectors throughout the city
1,000,000 participants per event
Evaluation of Ciclovia shows that participants are likely to meet the recommended amounts of physical activity and it is cost beneficial
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Advocacy for Physical Activity Policy
Advocacy for physical activity policy through individual and organizational efforts is the first step in increasing awareness
Communicating with key decision-makers regarding the importance of a physically active population to the health, well-being, and economic welfare is imperative
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Advocacy for Physical Activity Policy
Advocates need to provide evidence-based and easy to understand arguments to educate stakeholders and increase awareness
Some policies promoting physical activity can cause controversy
Requiring sidewalks and bike lanes on streets may encourage active transportation, but these policies also may affect automobile travel
Modifications in roads, such as reduced lane size or traffic slowing modifications (e.g., roundabouts or speed bumps) can cause controversy within transportation planning as well as the community
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Advocacy for Physical Activity Policy
Several national and international agencies serve as advocates for policies that promote physical activity at the international, federal, state, and local level
See table 8.2
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Case Studies pp.170-174
Case for Physical Education Policies
Case of Complete Streets Policies
Case of Gas Prices and Physical Activity
Organizations involved with physical activity policy (Table 8-3)
Break into five groups to review and assess each case study (3 groups) and the organizations (2 groups)
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3 groups review and assess each case study
Summarize each paragraph with two points
2 groups review the organizations
Each group select two organizations
What is their purpose/mission?
What policy has the organization been involved with/advocated for recently? Explain. Provide example
Eyler, A.A., Chriqui, J.F., Moreland-Russell, S.M., & Brownson, R.C. (Eds.). (2016) Prevention, policy, and public health (1st ed.) New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Reference
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