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Chapter7.ppt
Motivation in Organizations
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Motivation in Organizations
Chapter 7
Chapter 7 Preview:
Motivation in Organizations
- What do individuals need to do to meet a personal goal?
- What are the most important sources of work motivation (e.g., money? recognition? other?)
- What do you think makes for effective goal-setting?
- What happens when people feel that they are underpaid compared to their peers?
- What do people need to believe about a possible reward, in order for it to be motivating?
Components of motivation: What are the basic components of motivation? Page Ref: 214
Motivation: What motivates people to work? What are the most important sources of work motivation? Page Ref: 215
Guidelines for setting effective performance goals: What are they? Page Ref: 220-223
Equity Theory: What are some possible reactions to inequity? Page Ref: 226-227
Expectancy Theory: What are the three types of beliefs that people have, and what do they mean? Page Ref: 230
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Learning Objectives
- Define motivation and explain its importance in the field of organizational behavior.
- Identify and explain the conditions through which goal setting can be used to improve job performance.
Learning Objectives
- Describe equity theory and how it may be applied to motivating people in organizations.
- Describe expectancy theory and how it may be applied in organizations.
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Today’s Agenda
- Motivation
- Goal Setting
- Equity Theory
- Expectancy Theory
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Today’s Agenda
- Motivation
- Goal Setting
- Equity Theory
- Expectancy Theory
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The set of processes that
- arouse
- direct, and
- maintain
human behavior toward attaining some goal
Motivation
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Motivation Components
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Motivation
Key Points
- Motivation and job performance are not synonymous
- Motivation is multifaceted
- People are motivated by more than just money
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What Motivates You to Work?
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What Motivates People to Work?
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Today’s Agenda
- Motivation
- Goal Setting
- Equity Theory
- Expectancy Theory
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Goal Setting
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Goal Setting
- Do you have goals?
- Have you been successful in meeting them?
- What do you think are important characteristics of attainable goals?
- How does it make you feel to achieve goals?
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Goal Setting Guidelines
For Managers
- Assign specific goals
- Assign difficult, but acceptable, performance goals
- stretch goals
- Provide feedback on goal attainment
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Today’s Agenda
- Motivation
- Goal Setting
- Equity Theory
- Expectancy Theory
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Equity Theory
- People strive to maintain ratios of their own outcomes (rewards) to their own inputs (contributions) that are equal to the outcome / input ratios of others with whom they compare themselves
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Equity Theory
Possible Reactions to Inequity
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Equity Theory
Managerial Implications
- Avoid underpayment
- Avoid overpayment
- Be honest and open with employees
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Equity Theory
Pay Practices in the News
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Equity Theory
Pay Practices in the News
- Questions to consider:
- What do you think about the idea of banning salary negotiations at Reddit?
- Google’s “unfair on purpose” policy?
- Specific Gravity’s “equal pay” policy?
- What about Equity Theory and Distributive Justice?
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Today’s Agenda
- Motivation
- Goal Setting
- Equity Theory
- Expectancy Theory
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Expectancy Theory
Definitions
- Expectancy: Will my efforts lead to performance?
- Instrumentality: Will I be rewarded for good performance?
- Valence: Do I value the potential reward?
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Expectancy Theory
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Other Job Performance Determinants
- Skills and abilities
- Role perceptions
- Opportunities to perform
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Managerial Implications
- Help ensure that effort will lead to performance
- Training
- Eliminate obstacles
- Clearly link performance and valued rewards
- Pay-for-performance plans
- Incentive stock option
- Provide rewards that are valued by employees
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Chapter 7 Review:
Motivation in Organizations
- Components of motivation: What are the basic components of motivation?
- Motivation: What motivates people to work? What are the most important sources of work motivation?
- What are the guidelines for setting effective performance goals?
- Equity Theory: What are some possible reactions to inequity?
- Expectancy Theory: What are the three types of beliefs that people have, and what do they mean?
Components of motivation: What are the basic components of motivation? Page Ref: 214
Motivation: What motivates people to work? What are the most important sources of work motivation? Page Ref: 215
Guidelines for setting effective performance goals: What are they? Page Ref: 220-223
Equity Theory: What are some possible reactions to inequity? Page Ref: 226-227
Expectancy Theory: What are the three types of beliefs that people have, and what do they mean? Page Ref: 230
Copyright
Questions / Comments?
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