Group Phases Paper (KATHERINE BECKS)
Kbanks
chapter3groupdevelopmentRothwell.pptChapter 3
Group Development
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Task
Social
2 Dimensions of Groups
3 Group Development
Output
Productivity
Cohesiveness
Need to belong
Interpersonal attraction
Attraction to group activities
Attraction to group goals
Establishment of meaning and identity
Fulfillment of unrelated needs
Reasons We Join Groups
3 Group Development
Forming Periodic Phase
Express positive attitudes and feelings
Appear friendly, open, and interested
Encourage a “getting-to-know-you” conversation
Find areas of commonality and cooperation
Establish clear group goals
Competent Communication and Group Development
3 Group Development
Storming Periodic Phase
Tolerate, even encourage disagreement
Keep a civil tongue
Be an active listener
Use humor
Competent Communication and Group Development
3 Group Development
Norming Periodic Phase
Adapt communication to norms of the group
Encourage change when norms are excessively rigid
Encourage change when norms are too elastic
Competent Communication and Group Development
3 Group Development
Extinguishing Nonconformity
Reason—convincing with logic
Seduction—deviant made to feel ineffectual
Coercion—ridicule, repression, rejection
Ostracism—psychological/physical isolation
9 Power in Groups: A Central Dynamic
Performing Periodic Phase
Focus on the task
Encourage participation from group members
Competent Communication and Group Development
3 Group Development
Choose meaningful tasks
Establish a group responsibility norm
Note the critical importance of each member’s effort
Hold members accountable
Enhance group cohesiveness
Confront the loafer
Consult a higher power
Boot out the loafer
Sidestep the loafer
Addressing Social Loafing
3 Group Development
Summary
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Competent Communication and Group Development
3 Group Development
Conditions
Broad-range task
Neither have expertise
Experts, complex tasks
Individual expert, informed group
Reasons
Pool knowledge, group remembering
Synergy
Share the load, teamwork
Error correction, synergy
Group Superior to Individual
Individual vs Group Performance
3 Group Development
Conditions
Individual expert, informed group
Groups establish mediocrity norms
Group becomes too large
Simple task
Time is a critical factor
Reasons
Pooling ignorance, negative synergy
Insufficient motivation to excel
Difficulty coordinating, social loafing
Minimal resources required
Groups too slow
Individual Superior to Group
Individual vs Group Performance
3 Group Development
