MLS : CHAPTER 3 DISCUSSION & HOMEWORK
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Chapter3.pptLearning Activities
Susan J. Beck, Ph.D., MLS(ASCP)CM and Vicky A. LeGrys, D.A., MT(ASCP)
Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Copyright 2014: The American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
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Learning Activities
- Selected based on goals and objectives
- Includes
- Lecture
- Flipped Classroom
- Case Studies
- Simulations and Role Playing
- Cooperative Learning
- Problem Based Learning
- Online Instruction
- Student Laboratory
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Lecture Method Advantages
- Can transmit a lot of information
- Instructor can demonstrate enthusiasm
- Can be easily updated
- Does not require learner participation
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Lecture Method Disadvantage
Learner is passive
80% lost within 2 months
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Lecture Method Suggestions
Increase learner involvement
Ask questions
Use audience response systems
Solicit feedback
Assign discussion topics
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Lecture Method
- Organization
- Introduction
- Body
- Conclusion
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Lecture Method
- Delivery
- demonstrate enthusiasm by movement, varying voice pitch
- establish appropriate pace
- minimize nervous habits in speech and gestures
- maintain eye contact with audience
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The Flipped Classroom
- New material presented prior to class
- Online lectures
- Videos
- Reading assignments
- Class time used for higher cognitive skill development
- Case studies
- Small group discussions
Case Study
- Uses
- higher cognitive domain
promotes problem solving skills
- as an introduction or summary for a lecture
- Sources
- journals
- actual problems in the lab
- professional associations
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Simulations and Role Playing
- Simulations
- scenario is based on current situation
- Role playing
- assume a role
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Simulations and Role Playing
- Uses
- affective and higher cognitive domains
promotes problem solving
- instructor provide scenarios
- provide class time for discussion
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Example of a Role Playing Scenario
You observe a CLS recording results for quality control that you know she did not perform. As her:
- co-worker, what will you do?
- supervisor, what will you do?
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Cooperative Learning (CL)
- Uses/Advantages
- affective and higher cognitive domains
- increase communication skills
- focuses on group skills
- learner takes responsibility for learning
- learner has acquired prior knowledge
- the group works together
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Problem Based Learning (PBL)
- Similar to CL, but learner lacks prior knowledge
- Emphasizes information gathering
- Develops skills for CLS practice
- e.g. instrumentation troubleshooting
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Online Instruction
- Uses
- source of individual instruction
- best when visual images are incorporated
- can cover all levels of cognitive and affective domain
- actively engages the learner in interactive sequences
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Student Laboratory
- Uses
integration of psychomotor and cognitive domains
acquire and practice skills in non-threatening environment
- Suggestions
develop a manual
progress in course to higher skills
pre run labs
integrate and emphasize application and problem solving skills
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Instructional Resources
- Course management systems
- Course syllabus
- Textbooks
- Handouts
- Online materials
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Course Syllabus
- Includes
- Course name, number, meeting time and location
- Instructor’s name, office hours, contact information
- Course goals and objectives
- Schedule of topics
- Reading assignments
- Exam schedule
- Honor code policy
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Textbooks
- Traditional textbook vs e textbooks
- Course packets
- Can include information from variety of sources
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Handouts
- Facilitates organization and note taking
- Cut/paste complex drawings
- Credit the source
- Don’t create verbatim transcripts
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Presentation Software Guidelines
- Choose appropriate design template for audience
- Limit text
- Bullet information
- Integrate graphics
- Cite sources
- Verbally elaborate on material
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Evaluate the slide
Clinical Enzyme Assays
- Measure in product (P) or in substrate (S)
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Evaluate the slide
- nvCJD :
- Caused by ingestion of meat from cows with BSE “mad-cow disease” (around 1992) in the UK. There are about 56 patients in UK with the disease. No one in the US has the disease in 2001.
- The median age of onset is 26 and the median duration of the illness is 14 months
- nvCJD is caused by a prion. A prion is an infectious polypeptide, it is not a virus, bacteria, fungi or parasite. It contains no nucleic acid or membrane and is capable of autopropagation
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Conclusion for Instructional Aids
- Is the instructional aid appropriate for the goals and objectives of the course?
- What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of the particular instructional aid?
- Does the instructional aid communicate the necessary concepts effectively?
- Is the instructional aid accurate and current?
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