kines 2700

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Date_____________________________________

Name____________________________________

KINE 2700 Synchronous Assignment

Chapter 2

Directions: Respond thoroughly with detailed answers to questions below. Submit assignment typed prior to the deadline.

1. Complete the jigsaw puzzle of the heart. Record the name and amount of time it took each member in your group to complete.

Puzzle: https://www.jigsawplanet.com/?rc=play&pid=0e2309e3350c&pieces=24

A) _____________

B) _____________

C) _____________

D) _____________

E) _____________

2. In your own words describe in detail the electrical flow of the heart.

3. In your own words describe in detail the blood flow of the heart. Include oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in your discussion.

4. Explain cardiac output and include the formula used to calculate cardiac output.

5. The movement of gas such as oxygen or carbon dioxide across a cell membrane is called ___________.

6. Gas moves from an area of ____________ concentration to one of ___________ concentration.

7. Air passes through the nose and nasal cavities. What three distinct functions do they do? _________, ___________, __________.

8. In your own words describe in detail the gas exchange that is occurring in the image above.

9. List and explain the formula that represents oxygen consumption. In your own words discuss how oxygen consumption is determined.

Chapter 3

1. What are the three energy systems in the human body? _________, ___________, __________.

2. Which energy systems are anaerobic? _________, __________.

3. In your own words discuss anabolic and catabolic.

4. The _______ system is the primary source of ATP for short-term, ________ _________ activities but is active at the _______ of all types of exercises.

5. The phosphagen system relies on the chemical reactions of _______ and ________ _________.

6. In your own words describe in detail glycolysis. Include different types of glycolysis and end the products of glycolysis.

7. What molecule(s) are being depicted in the image above?

a) _____________________

b) _____________________

8. Fill in the missing parts of the net reaction for fast glycolysis:

Glucose + ___Pi + ___ ___lactate + ____ + H20.

9. Fill in the missing parts of the net reaction for slow glycolysis:

Glucose + ___Pi + ___ + 2NAD+ _________ + _____ + 2NADH + 2H20.

10. How many net ATP are produced from one molecule of glucose?________.

11. Where does the Krebs cycle occur? _________________.

12. ________ ________ occurs during periods of reduced oxygen availability in the muscle cells and results in the formation of the end-product _________, which can be converted to ________ _________.

13. Muscular fatigue experienced during exercise has been associated with high concentrations of __________ ________, but the fatigue is more likely a result of decreased tissue pH.

14. Lactate is often used as an energy substrate and is often used in _________________, the formation of glucose.

15. Lactate can be cleared by ___________ within the muscle fiber it was produced, or _____________ in the blood to ________ ________ _________ to be oxidized, or it can be transported in the blood to the liver where it is converted to glucose which is referred to as the _______ ________.

16. The exercise intensity at which blood lactate begins an abrupt increase above the baseline concentration has been termed ________ _____________.

17. In your own words describe in detail lactate threshold and onset blood lactate accumulation. Include how training status affects LT, which direction we want to move LT through training and why.

18. In your own words describe in detail how food is turned into usable energy by the body. Include what is needed to initiate the Krebs cycle and the amount of net ATP produced.

19. NADH and FADH2 molecules transport hydrogen atoms to the ___________ ____________ __________ to be used to produce _____ from _____. The production of ATP during this process is referred to as ___________ ____________.

20. Think about your favorite sport or the sport you participated in the most. What is the primary energy system needed to perform that sport? What type(s) of conditioning did you do or that are commonly done for that sport? What energy system was being trained by that type of conditioning? Was the energy system being conditioned appropriate for the energy demands of the sport?

21. Fill in the chart to describe the changes in the sources of energy to produce ATP as a client participates in a maximum treadmill test. Write MOST if it is the primary source of energy during the activity. Write LEAST if it is the least-used source of energy during the activity.

Activity	Carbohydrates	Fat
While the client is sitting in a chair listening to the personal trainer.
The first few seconds of the treadmill test
During a stage when the client reached steady state.
At the end of the test as the client reaches maximum