Reflection/ Discussion Board
Gittzay14 
Chapter1DimensionsofHealth.pptYour Invitation to a Healthy Future
CHAPTER 1
Chapter 1
Your Invitation to a Healthy Future
Learning Outcomes:
- Define health and wellness
- Identify the six dimensions of health and illustrate the interplay among them
- Describe how poverty, race, and gender contribute to health disparities in the U.S.
- Outline the national health objectives in the Healthy People 2020 Initiative
- List guidelines for evaluating websites that provide health information
- Describe the stages in the Transtheoretical Model of Change and apply it to a health behavior you want to change
Health & Wellness
Health: A state of complete well-being, including physical, psychological, spiritual, social, intellectual, and environmental dimensions
Wellness: A deliberate lifestyle choice characterized by personal responsibility and optimal enhancement of physical, mental, and spiritual health
Both are multifaceted, dynamic, and interrelated
The Dimensions of Health
Six interrelated dimensions that impact your health and wellness
- Physical Health
- Psychological Health
- Spiritual Health
- Social Health
- Intellectual Health
- Environmental Health
Healthy People 2020
National Public Health Objectives
Overarching Goals:
- Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
- Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all age groups
- Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
- Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors across every stage of life
How are we doing?
How are you doing?
Report Cards…..
Health Disparities
Multiple interrelated factors
contribute to health disparities
- Race & Ethnicity
- Cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes as well as other chronic diseases impact different races and ethnic groups to varying degrees
- Mental Health, infant mortality, HIV and other infectious diseases impact certain races disproportionately
- Poverty more prevalent among minorities which is reflected in poorer health care both preventative and curative [low income may account for 1/3 of racial differences in death rates]
Other Factors Contributing to Health Disparities
- Biological (chromosomes, sex hormones)
- Social (work stress, hostility levels, social networks and support)
- Behavioral (risky behavior, aggression, violence, smoking and substance abuse)
- Health Habits (regular screenings, preventive care, and minimizing symptoms)
- Age
- Education
Making Healthy Changes
You can’t modify your age, race, sex, or genetics but you can alter your health behaviors
Three types of influences shape behavior:
- Predisposing Factors
- Enabling Factors
- Reinforcing Factors
Make them work for you….
Factors That Shape Positive Behavior
How and Why People Change
Anatomy of change:
- Moral model
- Enlightenment model
- Behavioral model
- Medical Model
- Compensatory Model
Health Belief Model – classic model
perceived seriousness and susceptibility (how vulnerable)
benefits outweigh the barriers
confidence in the ability to successfully take action
(self-efficacy)
The Transtheoretical Model
Focuses on universal aspects of an individual’s decision-making process
Key Components:
- Stages of Change
- Processes of Change
- Self-efficacy
- Belief in one’s ability to accomplish a goal or change a behavior
- Internal locus of control – sense of being in control of your life
Stages of Change
The Processes of Change
Anything you do to modify your thinking, feeling, or behavior
- Consciousness-raising
- Social Liberation
- Emotional Arousal
- Self-reevaluation
- Commitment
- Rewards
- Countering
- Environmental Control
- Helping Relationships
Different processes used in various stages
The Stages of Change and Some Change Processes
