week 8 nursing theory
lilyalonso
Chapter173.pptxHealth as Expanding Consciousness: Margaret Newman
Chapter 17
Overview of Newman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness
Major concepts are health, consciousness, patterns of movement and space–time
Consciousness is the system’s ability to interact with the environment
Pattern is the “information that depicts the whole and understanding of the meaning of all of the relationships at once”
Overview of Newman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness
Movement is reflection of consciousness that indicates inner organization or disorganization of persons; it communicates harmony or person’s pattern with the environment
Time is considered an index of consciousness
Dimensions of space–time–movement are complementary and linked to one another
Major Concepts of Nursing According to Newman
Person: a “center of consciousness within an overall pattern of expanding consciousness” identified by individual patterns of consciousness, and viewed as participants in the transformative process
Environment: viewed as energy field, universe of open systems, and as event, situation, or phenomena interacting with the person
Major Concepts of Nursing According to Newman
Health: synthesis that occurs due to the fusion of disease and non-disease that forms health; health as concept is “pattern of the whole”
Nursing: within the nurse-patient interaction the nurse is seen as a “caring, pattern-recognizing presence” and the nursing process is a process of pattern recognition
Explicit Assumptions of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
Health encompasses disease as a meaningful aspect of health; a manifestation of underlying pattern of person–environment interaction
Pathological conditions can be considered manifestations of total pattern of individual
Health is the expression of consciousness
Explicit Assumptions of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
The pattern of the individual that eventually manifests itself as pathology is primary and exists prior to structural or functional changes
Removal of the pathology in itself will not change the pattern of the individual
If becoming “ill” is the only way an individual’s pattern can manifest itself, then that is health for that person
Implicit Assumptions of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
Humans are open energy systems
Humans are in continual interconnectedness with a universe of open systems
Humans are continuously active in evolving their own pattern of the whole
Implicit Assumptions of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
Humans are intuitive as well as cognitive and affective beings
Humans are capable of abstract thinking and sensation
Humans are more than the sum of their parts
Propositions of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
Patterning of human health experiences occurs within the context of the environment
Consciousness is a manifestation of evolving pattern of person–environment interaction
The evolving pattern of person–environment interaction can be viewed as a process of expanding consciousness
Propositions of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
Movement is a pivotal choice point in the evolution of human consciousness
When movement is no longer an option, we learn to transcend the limitations of time–space–movement so as to reach higher levels of consciousness
Movement is a reflection of consciousness
Time is a measure of consciousness
Propositions of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
The consciousness that characterizes any form of life is expressed in its movement
Manifestations of space–time–movement are indicators of consciousness
The rhythm of living phenomena is a vivid portrayal of the embeddedness of matter (consciousness) in space–time
Propositions of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
A person comes into being from the ground of consciousness and loses freedom as he or she is bound in time and finds identity in space
Through movement, a person discovers the world of time–space and establishes personal territory
Brief Critique of the Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory
Derived from both inductive and deductive logic
Concepts clearly defined and used consistently throughout the theory
Broad in scope and has been used in several different cultures
Theory is complex and must be understood as a whole rather than by superficially examining the individual concepts in attempt to use the theory
Newman’s Theory as a Framework for Nursing Practice
Five steps involved in the application of the theory to practice:
Engagement with the patient
Development of the narrative
Follow-up meetings
Application of the theory
Family and community patterns
