answer the questions please for chapter 11 & 12 page number 423 to 505 (Need each question one page over all 6 pages)

Chapter 11

There are many benefits to buying locally grown food, and each person makes their choice for different reasons. Locally grown food creates important economic opportunities, provides health benefits, and helps to reduce environmental impact. It also helps bring the community together and allows people to make a difference. Environmental benefits-It Preserves Small Farm Land: When local farms are established, eating local protects farmland. Without small scale farms, the land might otherwise be developed for industrial or commercial use; it Reduces Food Miles, It Promotes Accountability: When food is raised and grown locally, the consumer better understands how and where their food is being produced. Economic benefits-It Keeps Money in Your Community; Local Farmers Keep More Profit, It Creates Jobs, It Supplies Other Local Businesses, it Keeps Taxes Down. Social Benefits -It Supports Local Families: Farming is often a family-run business; it Brings the Community Together, Empowers the Consumer, Encourages Cultural Diversity, It Improves Overall Well-being Buying local is usually more expensive, which most people find to be its biggest disadvantage. The higher cost of smaller distribution channels and local production is typically passed on to the consumer. More Expensive, Farmers and businesses who produce in smaller quantities typically incur higher costs associated with growing, producing, and distributing their goods. Not as Much Variety or Selection, Unemployment Rate May Increase Many argue that the unemployment rate would increase if more people choose to buy local. People whose job depends on transporting food and other goods across the country and from overseas have the potential to lose their jobs. 2.) Sustainable agriculture is farming in sustainable ways, which means meeting society's present food and textile needs without compromising current or future generations' ability to meet their needs. Agribusiness is the business sector encompassing farming and farming-related commercial activities. The business involves all the steps required to send an agricultural good to market: production, processing, and distribution. It is an important component of the economy in countries with arable land since agricultural products can be exported. Agribusiness treats the different aspects of raising agricultural products as an integrated system. Farmers raise animals and harvest fruits and vegetables with the help of sophisticated harvesting techniques, including the use of GPS to direct harvesting operations. Manufacturers develop increasingly efficient machines that can drive themselves. Processing plants determine the best way to clean and package livestock for shipping. While each subset of the industry is unlikely to interact directly with the consumer, each is focused on operating efficiently to keep prices reasonable. Use of New Technology in Agribusiness, The use of new technology is vital to remain competitive in the global agribusiness sector. Farmers need to reduce crop costs and increase yield per square acre to remain competitive. 3.) Food miles are a way of measuring how far the food has traveled before it reaches the consumer. It is a good way of looking at the environmental impact of foods and their ingredients. It includes getting foods to you and getting waste foods away from you and the landfill. Food miles is the distance food travels from production to when we consume it. Energy is used to produce, package, transport, and store food. Even energy use to travel to shops to purchase food is counted. All of this contributes to increased greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2). An increase in the distance food travels is largely due to the globalization of trade. Production - Most of the greenhouse gas emissions created by food have their origin in the production phases, estimated to create 83% of overall CO2 emissions associated with food miles (Weber and Matthews, 2008). Packaging - Most things we buy have packaging; however, some food has excessive packaging, so more energy is used to make it, package it and transport it from the factory to the shop and your home. Transport - Fruit and vegetables can have a certain growing season and will be ready to harvest and eat at a certain time of year. For example, Irish strawberries, grown outdoors, will be ripe in summer. Some fruits and vegetables are grown in heated greenhouses or bought from warmer countries to be available during winter. This uses energy, so it’s better to choose food that is ‘in season.’ We grow lots of food in Ireland during our growing seasons. We also sell food and buy food from other countries around the world. Storing/Food waste - On average, each of us is throwing out about 80kg of food waste each year (which is the same weight as a baby elephant!), so the average Irish household may be throwing out between €400 – €1,000 worth of food into the bin each year! The foods we throw out most include salad, fruit & veg, and bread. While we compost a lot of our food waste using brown bins, a lot of food still ends up in the dump, and it takes additional energy (CO2) to transport and treat this waste. Rotting food in dumps can cause pollution. References askaboutireland.ie/enfo/irelands-environment/health-and-wellbeing/food/food-miles/ bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zf6fr82/revision/1 ResearchGate www.researchgate.net Food Miles and Their Environmental Impact: [Essay Example], 1742 words GradesFixer gradesfixer.com Disadvantages of Buying Local & Why You Should Do It Anyway | Simple Minded www.simpleminded.life