Introduction to health care

Chapter111.pptx

Home >Information Systems homework help >Introduction to health care

Introduction to Health Care

Haroun/Mitchell, Introduction to Health Care, 5th Edition. © 2021 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Chapter 11

Environmental Safety

Identify and correct potential hazards

Health care professionals must understand and follow policies and procedures

O S H A

Many regulations that apply to workplace safety

Types of Health Care Hazards

Chemical

Environmental

Ergonomic

Infectious

Physical

Psychosocial

Workplace violence

Question 1

Inadequate equipment maintenance is what type of hazard?

A. Chemical

B. Infectious

C. Environmental

Answer 1 (1 of 2)

C. Environmental

Environmental hazards

Unsafe conditions in workplace

E.g., inadequate maintenance of equipment

Answer 1 (2 of 2)

C. Environmental

Chemical hazards

May have toxic effects through inhalation, absorption, ingestion, or skin contact

Infectious hazards

May cause infection

Safety Guidelines

Focus on prevention

Move safely

Dress for safety

Protect self and others

Report for safety

Working Safely with Patients

Always the primary concern

Perform only procedures you are trained for

Be positive you have the correct patient

Verify patient has given consent

Observe patients closely

Properly position bed and equipment

Keep area clean and organized

Increased Risk with Physical and Mental Changes in Patients (1 of 2)

Changes in vision

Changes in hearing

Altered neurological function

Changes in blood vessels

Increased Risk with Physical and Mental Changes in Patients (2 of 2)

Slowed reflexes

Changes in mental function

Weakness from illness or injury

Effects of medications

Question 2

Which of the following is the best approach when asked to perform a procedure on a patient that you are not trained to do?

A. Do the best you can

B. Have someone explain it to you

C. Do not agree to do it

Answer 2

C. Do not agree to do it

Do not perform any procedure on patients until having received adequate training

Protecting Yourself

Follow standard precautions

Do not leave drawers and doors open

Do not refrigerate food with specimens or medications

Do not wear uniform outside workplace

Keep floors clean

Reporting for Safety

Report all unsafe conditions immediately

Report accidents and injuries

Complete incident report

Workplace Violence (1 of 2)

Health care professional risk

Offensive or threatening language

Psychological trauma

Actual injuries

Homicide

Can result in negative organizational outcomes

Workplace Violence (2 of 2)

Highest rate is in psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals

Professionals in direct contact with patients most at risk

Majority caused by aggressive patients or family members

Question 3

A patient is very upset about the care she received. She begins to escalate in volume and curse at you. What should you do?

A. Take her to a private area to avoid disturbing others

B. Acknowledge her feelings

C. Tell her to calm down, or you will call security

Answer 3 (1 of 2)

B. Acknowledge her feelings

When confronted with angry patients, acknowledge feelings and avoid getting defensive or matching hostility

Answer 3 (2 of 2)

B. Acknowledge her feelings

Avoid isolating yourself with potentially violent people by taking them to a private location

Avoid giving orders and threatening them with security

Prevent or Decrease Violence

Environmental designs

Administrative controls

Behavior modification

Fire and Electrical Hazards

Fire requires oxygen, item that will burn, and source of heat

Know location of fire alarms and extinguishers

Know emergency evacuation routes

Evacuation Routes

Fire Triangle

Fire Procedures

RACE

Remove patients

Activate alarm

Contain the fire

Extinguish the fire or Evacuate the area

RACE

Fire Extinguisher Use

PASS

Pull the pin

Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire

Squeeze the handle

Sweep back and forth along the base of the fire

Must use proper type of extinguisher for class of fire

Four Types of Fires (1 of 2)

Class A

Ordinary combustibles

Put out with water, class A or ABC extinguisher

Class B

Flammable and combustible liquids

Use Class B, BC, or ABC extinguisher

Four Types of Fires (2 of 2)

Class C

Electrical fires

Use class C, BC, or ABC extinguisher

Class D

Burning metals

Use class D extinguisher or smother with dry sand

Preventing Electrical Hazards

Use equipment properly

Do not use damaged equipment

Do not use damaged electrical cords or plugs

Do not use around water

Do not touch person being shocked

Turn main power source off

Question 4

True or False:

RACE is an acronym for putting out a fire with a fire extinguisher.

Answer 4

False

PASS

Acronym for putting out fire with fire extinguisher

RACE

Acronym for what to do when you discover fire

Chemical Hazards (1 of 2)

Many types of chemicals used in health care

Labeling

Check label 3 times

Ensure compatibility before mixing

Avoid contact

Chemical Hazards (2 of 2)

Wear P P E

Follow Safety Data Sheets

Precautions prepared by manufacturers

Clean up any spills immediately

If comes into contact with skin, rinse with water for at least 5 minutes

Radiation Hazards

X-rays and radiation therapy

Most states only allow specially trained persons to work with x-rays

Lead aprons and gloves if exposed

Dosimeters

Record amount of exposure

Disposal of radioactive waste

Infectious Waste

Any item or product with potential to transmit disease

Follow policies and procedures

Report accidental exposures

Oxygen Precautions

Post sign “Oxygen in Use”

Avoid all sources for sparks

Never use flammable liquids

Secure oxygen tank

Do not smoke

Do not use wool or synthetics

Question 5

Which of the following is the best first step if a chemical comes in contact with the skin?

A. Rinse under cool water for at least 5 minutes

B. Immediately go to the emergency department

C. Cover the area with antibiotic ointment and dressing

Answer 5

A. Rinse under cool water for at least 5 minutes

First step to take when chemical comes in contact with skin:

Immediately rinse under cool water for at least 5 minutes

Bioterrorism (1 of 2)

Extends back in history to earliest human records

Biological exposure readiness plan

Transmission precautions

Bioterrorism (2 of 2)

Most likely weapons:

Anthrax

Smallpox

Botulism

Plague

Emergency Code System

Communication method for employees

Prevents patients and visitors from becoming overly concerned

Emergency Preparedness Plan

Follow O S H A requirements

Follow policies and procedures

Remain calm

Report to person in charge

Ask how you should help

Communicate clearly

Use phones only for business

Triage System

Guidelines to assess patients’ conditions

Determine where they should be sent

Determine what treatment they should receive

Used during disasters

Used daily in emergency departments