Intro to political science
Jscott61
Chapter10-ThePresidency.pptxThe President
Chapter 10
Who can be the President of the United States?
Natural born citizen
Lived in US for 14 years
At least 35 years old
Youngest president: Theodore Roosevelt (42)
Oldest President: Joe Biden (78 at time of election)
46 Presidents
The Many Roles of the President
Chief Executive- head of the executive branch
Head of State- the role of president as ceremonial head of the government.
Powers of appointment and removal- to federal bureaucracy
Power to grant reprieves and pardons- pardon- a release from the punishment for or legal consequences of a crime. reprieve- a formal postponement of the execution of a sentence imposed by a court of law.
The Many Roles of the President
Commander in Chief: role of the president as supreme commander of the military forces of the United States and of the state National Guard units when they are called into federal service.
A president can not declare war but can send troops when necessary
The War Powers Resolution (1973)- law spelling out the conditions under which the president can commit troops without congressional approval.
The Many Roles of the President
Chief Diplomat: The role of the president in recognizing foreign governments, making treaties, and effecting executive agreements.
Diplomatic recognition: the formal acknowledgement of a foreign government as legitimate
Executive agreement- an international agreement made by the president, without senatorial ratification, with the head of a foreign state
The Many Roles of the President
Chief Legislator: The role of the president in influencing the making of laws.
Veto power:
Pocket veto- a special veto exercised by the chief executive after a legislative body has adjourned. Bills not signed by the chief executive die after a specified period of time.
Line-item veto- the power of the executive to veto individual lines or items within a piece of legislation without vetoing the entire bill.
Other Roles of the President
Party Chief and Politician
Party Leader- spokesperson for party, assist candidates in election
National Opinion Leader- use of media, White House Press Conference
Manager of Economy- sets national budget with Congress
Presidential Powers
Expressed Power- a power of the president that is expressly written into the Constitution or into statutory law
Constitutional Power- a power vested in the president by Article II of the Constitution
Statutory Power- a power created for the president through laws enacted by Congress
Inherent Power- a power of the president derived from the statements in the Constitution that “the executive Power shall be vested in the President” and that the president should “take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed”
Presidential Powers
Emergency Power- an inherent power exercised by the president during a period of national crisis.
Executive Order- A rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect of law.
Executive Privilege- The right of executive officials to withhold information from , or to refuse to appear before, a legislative committee or a court
Abuses of Executive Power and Impeachment:
Impeachment- an action by the House of Representatives to accuse the president, vice president or other civil officers of the US of committing “treason, bribery or other high crimes and misdemeanors”
Andrew Johnson, Bill Clinton and Donald Trump were the only presidents to be impeached by the House (not convicted by the Senate)
Limits on Presidential Powers
Judicial Review- Supreme Court can review presidential actions
The Bureaucracy- resistance to change
Media- exposes facts about the operation of the political system
Public Opinion- Does the public support the president? Approval rating
The Executive Organization
The Cabinet- an advisory group selected by the president to aid in making decisions
Members of the Cabinet: Vice President, Heads of 15 department, any other important advisors
Executive Office of the President- an organization established by President Franklin Roosevelt to assist the president in carrying our major duties (ex: Office of Management and Budget, National Security Staff)
White House Office- The personal office of the president, which tends to presidential political needs and manages the media (ex: Office of the First Lady, Oval Office Operations)
The Vice President 25th amendment (1967)- establishes procedures for filling presidential and VP vacancies and makes provisions for presidential incapacity.
8 Vice Presidents have become president because of the death of the president:
John Tyler (Harrison died of pneumonia)
Millard Fillmore (Taylor died of illness)
Andrew Johnson (Lincoln assassination)
Chester A. Arthur (Garfield assassinated)
Teddy Roosevelt (McKinley assassinated)
Calvin Coolidge (Harding died of a heart attack)
Harry Truman (FDR died in 4th term)
Lyndon B. Johnson (JFK assassination)
When there is a vacancy in the VP slot, the president appoints with consent of the Senate (i.e. Nixon, Ford)
Line of succession:
VP
Speaker of the House
Senate president pro tempore
Secretary of state
Secretary of the treasury
Secretary of Defense
Attorney General
Secretary of Interior
Secretary of Agriculture
Secretary of Commerce
Total of 18 in line
Presidential Facts
President with more than two terms: Franklin D. Roosevelt (elected 4 times)
President who served 2 non-consecutive terms: Grover Cleveland
President who was never married: James Buchanan
President who died one month after election: William Henry Harrison
President who was a self-taught lawyer: Abraham Lincoln
President who was an actor: Ronald Reagan
First Catholic President: John F. Kennedy
President to be impeached: Andrew Johnson, Bill Clinton, Donald Trump
Only President to resign from office: Richard Nixon
Presidents who were cousins: Franklin D. and Teddy Roosevelt
Presidents who were assassinated: Abraham Lincoln, William McKinley, John F. Kennedy, James A. Garfield
Presidents who were father/son: John Adams & John Q. Adams, George H.W. Bush & George W. Bush
Class Assignment #12: Should we elect the president by popular vote?
* * Your assignments must be typed with name and number of the assignment (#12)
* 2 paragraph minimum, submit in dropbox under class assignments
Read the AT ISSUE in the ebook under “The Process of Becoming President” (page number not listed)
* Pick a point of view and discuss your reasoning
