assignment-462

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Chapter 4

Approaches to Physical Security

Effective Physical Security

Fourth Edition

The University of Adelaide, School of Computer Science

Chapter 2 — Instructions: Language of the Computer

Physical Security

No system is 100% defeat-proof
Can be designed to eliminate most threats
At a minimum should offer enough protection to delay threat until system can be upgraded to where threat can be defeated (arrival of police or on-site guards)
Maximum security a concept:
Parts of system cannot work unless combined in correct proportions.

4 Approaches to Physical Security

The University of Adelaide, School of Computer Science

Chapter 2 — Instructions: Language of the Computer

Levels of Physical Security

Levels:
1: Minimum security
2. Low-level security
3. Medium security
4. High-level security
5. Maximum security

Levels of Physical Security

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Levels—Minimum Security

Designed to impede some unauthorized external activity
Originating outside the scope of security system
Consists of:
Simple physical barriers (regular doors and locks)

Levels—Low-Level Security

System designed to impede and detect some unauthorized external activity
Simple barriers supplemented with other barriers:
Reinforced doors and window bars
High-security locks
Simple lighting system
Basic alarm system

Levels—Medium Security

Designed to impede, detect, and assess:
Most unauthorized external access
Some unauthorized internal activity
Ranging from simple shoplifting to conspiracy to commit sabotage

Levels—Medium Security

In addition to lower-level security, necessary to:
Incorporate advanced intrusion alarm
Establish perimeter beyond area confines
High-security physical barriers or guard dogs
Unarmed guard with basic communication to offsite agencies

Levels—High-Level Security

Designed to impede, detect, and assess most unauthorized external/internal activity
Add to previous levels of security:
State-of-art equipment
Closed-circuit television (CCTV)
Perimeter alarm system
High-security lighting

Levels—High-Level Security

Add to previous levels of security (con’t):
Highly trained armed guards
Controls that restrict access to unauthorized personnel
Formal plans, with police cooperation, for response and assistance
Coordination with local law enforcement
Annual assessment or security audits

Levels—Maximum Security

Designed to impede, detect, assess, and neutralize all unauthorized external and internal activity
Sophisticated, state-of-the-art alarm system, remote monitor, with backup power source
On-site, trained response force

Levels—Maximum Security

Will be found at:
Nuclear facilities
Some prisons
Certain military bases and gov’t research sites
Some foreign embassies

Levels—Maximum Security

Maximum security—high level of physical security offered by total system
Designed with diversity and redundancy
One component’s strength offsets another’s weakness
The more layers, the more difficult to defeat

Psychology of Maximum Security

Can capitalize on psychological aspects
Creates appearance of impenetrability
Deters some lesser adversaries
Concept will not necessarily turn aside those up to the challenge
System effectiveness—eliminates opportunity
Psychology of system—eliminates desire

Psychology of Maximum Security

Desire to commit a crime can be eliminated or reduced:
Threat of getting caught
Convince them the odds of getting caught are high
Announce capabilities, without giving away proprietary information

Psychology of Maximum Security

Some disagree with value of advertising security system capabilities
Believe maintaining low profile contributes to overall effectiveness—criminals will not know an attractive target exists (ostrich syndrome)
Criminal likely to find information about target on mass/multimedia

The Value of Planning

Two basic questions:
What assets are being protected
How important is it:
Political/economic impact
Commitment to protection
Third question—do costs of protection outweigh the value

The Value of Planning

List prerequisites of security system, along with components to accomplish tasks
Example: Capability to neutralize:
Security force
Response force
Coordination with LLEA

The Value of Planning

Decide components used to:
Impede
Detect
Assess
Neutralize

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The Value of Planning

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