Summary

INTRODUCTION FOR ENGINEERING

GEEN 1211

01/10/2019

Textbook Engineering Fundamentals and Problem Solving

Eide, Arvid, Roland Jenison., et al.,

McGraw Hill Book Company, Seventh Edition

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Some questions What is engineering?

What are the career opportunities for engineers?

What are engineering disciplines?

How are engineers educated?

What is meant by professionalism and engineering ethics?

What have engineers done in the past?

What are engineers doing now?

What will engineers do in the future?

Who/What is an Engineer?

An engineer is defined as ‘a person who uses science, mathematics and technology, in a creative way, to satisfy human needs.

Practically; – Engineers convert scientific theory into useful

application.

– Engineers help to provide for mankind’s material needs and well being.

Engineer Engineering is the application of science to the needs of humanity. This is accomplished through the application of knowledge, mathematics, and practical experience to the design of useful objects or processes. Professional practitioners of engineering are called engineers.

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering

https://youtu.be/WtrliVM5PQE

Engineer The end result of engineering effort generally referred to as design a device, structure, system or process satisfies a need. The procedure followed to complete design is called design process and is similar to the scientific method but it differs in objective and end results.

define the problem to be solved

acquire and assemble pertained data

identify solution constraints and criteria

develop alternative solutions

select a solution based on analysis of alternatives

communicate the results

The Technology team Scientists

Engineers

Technologists

Technicians and Craftspersons

Scientist Seeks to understand more about natural phenomena. In the quest for new knowledge, the scientist conducts research in a systematic manner. The research steps referred to as the scientific method and often summarized as follow:

formulate a hypothesis to explain a natural phenomenon.

conceive and execute experiments to test the hypothesis.

analyze test results and state conclusions.

generalize the hypothesis into the form of law or theory if results are accepted.

publish the new knowledge.

Technologist and technician They obtain a basic knowledge of engineering and scientific principles in a specific field and develop certain manual skills that enable them to communicate technically with all members of the technology team.

Skilled tradespersons/ craftspersons Members of the skilled trades possess the skills necessary to produce parts specified by scientists, engineers, technologists and technicians. Specialized positions include welder, mechanist, electrician, carpenter, plumber and mason.

The engineering profession Engineers must demonstrate competence in initiative, professionalism, engineering knowledge, teamwork. Innovation, communication, cultural adaptability, safety awareness, customer focus, general knowledge, continuous learning, planning, analysis and judgment, quality orientation and integrity.

Engineering Functions

Research

Design

Development

Test

Production

Maintenance and operations

Management

Sales

Consulting

Teaching

Research Seeks new findings as does the scientist but keep in mind that the research engineer also seeks a way to use discovery.

Research conducts in research centers at colleges, universities and the industry.

Development Using existing knowledge and new discoveries from research, the development engineer attempts to produce a functional device, structure, or process.( primarily produce a model)

Example: the development of pacemaker

Design The model developed by development engineer is passed on to the design engineer for converting into a device, process, or structure.

Design options to consider are cost of manufacture, ease of production, availability of materials and performance requirements.

Several designs and redesigns and undertaken before the final product appears to the market.

Production and testing Production engineer deals with manufacturing (mass production)

Test engineer responsible for the product functionality and quality control of the manufacturing process.

Construction The counterpart of the production engineer in manufacturing is the construction engineer in the building industry

Operations Operations engineer responsible of providing other engineers with facilities such as offices, laboratories and production facilities. Sometimes called a plant engineer.

Sales Sales engineers role is find and create a market for a product.

Management Project Manager – manages projects such that projects are completed in time, within budget and meet the intended scope(goal)

Consulting Consulting engineer provides a specialized help to clients who request it. (Usually self-employed with many years of experience)

Teaching Instructors

Professors

Lecturers

Trainers

The engineering disciplines Aerospace Engineering

Agricultural Engineering

Architectural Engineering

Bioengineering

Ceramic Engineering

Chemical Engineering

Civil Engineering

Computer Engineering

Construction Engineering

Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Engineering Management

Engineering Mechanics

Engineering Physics / Engineering Science

Environmental Engineering

Forest/Paper Engineering

Geological Engineering

Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing Engineering

Materials Science and Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Metallurgical Engineering

Microelectronic Engineering

Mining Engineering

Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering

Nuclear Engineering

Ocean Engineering

Petroleum Engineering

Software Engineering

Surveying and Geomatics

History of Engineering: Eight Great Events

Food-Producing Revolution (6000 – 3000 B.C.)

Appearance of Urban Society (3000 – 2000 B.C.)

Birth of Greek Science (600 – 300 B.C.)

Revolution in Power (Middle Ages)

Rise of Modern Science (17th century)

Steam and the Industrial Revolution (18th century)

Electricity and Applied Science (19th century)

Age of Automatic Control (20th century)

Challenges facing Engineers Environment,

Infrastructure

Energy – alternative sources

Water

Food security

Etc.