PSY Mod 4 Poster

77foxtrot

ch5.pptx

Home >Psychology homework help >PSY Mod 4 Poster

DEATH&DYING, LIFE & LIVING

Eighth edition

Chapter 5

Cultural Patterns and Death

The Significance of Studying Cultural Patterns

To appreciate the rich diversity within and between groups in American society

To develop greater sensitivity and a richer understanding of encounters, attitudes, & practices surrounding death and grief within a context (e.g., historical, familial, spiritual)

To empower ourselves to provide more effective care for others in our communities

To learn more about ourselves by comparing and contrasting our experiences with those described in this chapter

Chapter Objectives (1 of 2)

Overall Objectives

To demonstrate how racial, cultural, & other factors interact with death-related experiences

To foster resistance toward ethnocentric tendencies in encounters with differing racial, cultural, &/or ethnic groups

To suggest some of the many lessons we all can learn as we seek culturally conscientious ways of understanding & helping each other

Chapter Objectives (2 of 2)

Specific Racial/Ethnic Group Objectives

Among Hispanic Americans, African Americans, Americans who trace their backgrounds to Asian countries or the Pacific Islands, American Indians & Native Alaskans:

To describe some specific patterns of death-related encounters

To explore some death-related attitudes within these four groups

To illustrate some death-related practices within these four groups

Cultural Patterns and Death: Hispanic Americans (1 of 3)

Largest minority group in the United States

17.4% of the total population in 2014

More than doubled since 1990 census

Includes recent immigrants, others who have lived in the continental United States for generations, & all Puerto Ricans (U.S. citizens since 1917)

A cultural, not racial, category

Cultural Patterns and Death: Hispanic Americans (2 of 3)

Encounters with Death,

Dying, & Bereavement

c. 6.5% of all deaths in the United States in 2014

Strikingly low death rates

Overall, infant, maternal

Younger population

Relatively low death rates for 12 of 15 leading causes of death

Attitudes toward Death

Importance of family

The role of religion

Relationship between life & death

Fatalism & anticipatory grief

Cultural Patterns and Death: Hispanic Americans (3 of 3)

Death-Related Practices

Care of the dying

Presence at death

Mourning practices

After-death rituals

Ongoing connections & presence of the deceased

Religion & practices

Day of the Dead

Cultural Patterns and Death: African Americans (1 of 3)

Second-largest minority group in the United States

13.2% of the total population in 2014

Linked by:

Origins on the African continent

History of slavery & slave trading

Experiences of discrimination

Cultural Patterns and Death: African Americans (2 of 3)

Encounters with Death,

Dying, & Bereavement

12.2% of all deaths in the United States in 2014

Higher death rates than overall U.S. population & other subgroups

Infant & maternal mortality rates consistently high

Relatively high death rates for many of the 15 leading causes of death

Attitudes toward Death

Importance of family

Strong emphasis on family support in providing end-of-life care within the home

Suspicion of the medical community

Cultural Patterns and Death: African Americans (3 of 3)

Death-Related Practices

Advance directives & termination of life support

Hospice services & organ donation

Coping with violent & non-violent deaths

Mourning practices

Funeral directors

The importance of storytelling

Cultural Patterns and Death: Asian & Pacific Island Americans (1 of 3)

Third-largest minority group in the United States

5.7% of the total population in 2014

Largest of the Asian-American communities:

Chinese Americans

Filipino Americans

Asian Americans from India

Vietnamese Americans

Korean Americans

Cultural Patterns and Death: Asian & Pacific Island Americans (2 of 3)

Encounters with Death,

Dying, & Bereavement

2.3% of all deaths in the United States in 2014

Lower death rates than overall U.S. population & all other subgroups

Infant & maternal mortality rates consistently low

Leading causes of death: cancer & heart diseases

Attitudes toward Death

Communication issues

Decision making

Physician-assisted suicide

Attitudes toward funerals

Cultural Patterns and Death: Asian and Pacific lsland Americans (3 of 3)

Death-Related Practices

Mourning practices

Blending Western & non-Western elements in funeral rituals

5 components in one description of a Chinese-American funeral

Gravesite visits

Cultural Patterns and Death: American Indians and Native Alaskans (1 of 3)

Total population of American Indians in the United States is estimated as nearly 4 million persons

1.2% of the total U.S. population

Hundreds of American Indian tribal groups in the United States & Canada

Each American Indian group has its own set of patterns of death-related encounters, attitudes, & practices

Cultural Patterns and Death: American Indians and Native Alaskans (2 of 3)

Encounters with Death, Dying,

& Bereavement

.07% of all deaths in US in 2014; est. death rate of 5.9 per 1,000

Relatively high infant mortality rates & risk of SIDS

Historically leading causes of death: communicable diseases, cirrhosis, accidents, & homicide; lately more cancer & heart disease

Attitudes Toward Death

Role of nature & cycles of life

Relationship between life & death

Communication patterns

Survivor actions & the post-death journey

Cultural Patterns and Death: American Indians and Native Alaskans (3 of 3)

Death-Related Practices

Caring for the dying

Mourning practices

Post-death rituals