operational excellence week1 assi

School of Computer & Information Sciences

ITS-631 Operational Excellence

Chapter 2 – Information Systems for Business and Beyond (2019)

Learning Objectives

• describe information systems hardware;

• identify the primary components of a computer and the functions they perform; and

• explain the effect of the commoditization of the personal computer.

Hardware • desktop computers • laptop computers • mobile phones • tablet computers • e-readers • storage devices, such as flash drives • input devices, such as keyboards, mice, and scanners • output devices such as printers and speakers.

Digital Devices • Processes electronic signals into discrete values • Binary values (1=on, 0= off) • Each value (1 or 0) is a bit

– Eight bits = 1 byte

• PCs – 1st PCs could only process 8 bits of data at once – Today PCs can process 64-bits of data at once

• Read Sidebar: Understanding Binary

Tour of a PC • Processing data: The CPU • CPU = Central Processing Unit • The brains of the device

• Read: Sidebar: Moore’s Law and Huang’s Law – The number of integrated circuits on a chip

doubles every two years – VS – Speeds of GPUs are increasing faster.

Hardware Components • Motherboard

– the main circuit board on the computer – Other components (CPU, memory, and storage) connect into the motherboard, contain

integrated components like network cards, video, etc.., contains the bus of the PC (which determines the computer’s speed)

• RAM – Working Memory (Random Access Memory)

• Hard Disk – Used for longer term storage

• Solid State Drives • Removable Media

Connections, Input and Output • Network Connections- digital network • Input and Output

– Bluetooth – a method to connect via wireless technology

• Input Devices – Scanners – Microphones – Keyboard/Mouse – Webcams

• Output Devices – Display/ Monitor – Speakers – Printer

Sidebar: Which Hardware Components Contribute….

• Many elements contribute to the speed of your computer

– Hardware = increase by giving electrons less distance to travel in completing a circuit

– Multi-core processors (CPUs)

Other Computing Devices

• Portable Computers

• Smartphones

• Tablet Computers

• Integrated Computing and Internet of Things (IoT)

References

• Bourgeous, D., Smith, J., Wang. S., Mortati, J. (2019). Information Systems for Business and Beyond. Retrieved from https://opentextbook.site/informationsystem s2019/.