Assignment 5
mepalacios3
Ch2_IoTFall2022PostedApp1.pptxINST560, Internet of Things (IoT)
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH AMERICA
Lecture 2: Fall 2022
Professor Aliakbar Jalali
Internet of Things (IoT) Applications
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Topics
Introduction
What Are IoT Applications?
IoT application domain
10 major IoT applications
More IoT applications
Conclusion
References
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Introduction
This lecture lets we know major the Internet of Things applications.
The Internet of Things is a great technology that has gained rapidly and shaping our future lifestyle.
IoT uses smart devices smart for take caring of things that will draw out efficiency, and reducing the cost of products, labor and eliminating the chances of human errors.
Data is the new currency, IoT applications are sources of generating, processing and distributing data, this is what drives the concept of the Internet of Things.
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Introduction: The Impact of Digital Transformation
How is the stored and analyzed data from IoT application are used?
Businesses: Businesses determine buying patterns, forecast new trends, and streamline production.
Government: Governments monitor the environment, forecast population trends, predict crime rates, and plan for social services.
City: Cities control traffic, monitor parking, provide police or fire support quicker, and control waste management.
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Introduction: Can Smart Devices Think?
All digital devices work based on computer programs and supplied data.
Artificial Intelligence implies that these devices can think on their own.
If programmed appropriately, smart devices can evaluate data that is provided to them and modify processes or settings “on the fly”.
If they are provided with sufficient data, they can “learn” and modify their own code based on the new parameters.
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Introduction: Can Smart Devices Think?
Example: Imagine a refrigerated transport truck, carrying frozen goods, that is equipped with a global positioning sensor.
As the truck drives into a major city, the sensor determines that there is an accident ahead that is causing major traffic congestion.
The sensor sends the data to the computer system that collects the data and make decisions.
The system then alerts the driver to the new conditions so that the accident can be bypassed.
This automatic interaction has saved the driver time and will get the transported product to market faster with a product that is still frozen.
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What Are IoT Applications?
IoT applications run on IoT devices and can be created to be specific to almost every industry and vertical, including healthcare, industrial automation, smart homes and buildings, automotive, and wearable technology. Increasingly, IoT applications are using AI and machine learning to add intelligence to devices.
An IoT application is making the devices connected to each other and the internet, it let them collect and communicate data and make precise and informed decisions through Machine Learning and Neural Networks collecting, processing and delivering billions of petabytes of data every day to users.
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IoT Applications Domain
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Transportation and Logistics
Logistics
Mobile ticketing
Smart Environment
Comfortable homes/offices
Industrial plants
Environment monitoring
Augmented maps
Environmental pollution
Assisted driving
Healthcare
Tracking
Identification, authentication
Data collection
Sensing
Personal and social
Social networking
Thefts
Historical queries
Losses
Futuristic
Robot taxi
City information model
Enhanced game room
Weather & water systems
Weather condition
Water quality
Water leakage
Water level
Water contamination
Traffic jam reduction
Energy efficiency monitoring
10 Major IoT Applications
IoT in Smart Homes
Smart City
Smart Healthcare
Smart Farming
Smart Wearables
Smart Cars
Smart Grids
Industrial Internet (IIoT)
IoT Smart Retail Shops
Smart Traffic management
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IoT in Smart Home
Smart Home Automation Will Change the Way We Live!
What is Smart Home?
What are definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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Whenever we think of IoT systems, the most important and efficient application that stands out every time is Smart Home ranking as highest IOT application on all channels. The number of people searching for smart homes increases every month with about 60,000 people and increasing. Another interesting thing is that the database of smart homes for IoT Analytics includes 256 companies and startups. More companies are now actively being involved in smart homes than similar other applications in the field of IoT. The estimated amount of funding for Smart Home startups exceeds $2.5bn and is ever growing. The list of startups includes prominent startup company names such as AlertMe or Nest as well as a number of multinational corporations like Philips, Haier, or Belkin etc.
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Smart Home Definition
A smart home refers to a convenient home setup where appliances and devices can be automatically controlled remotely from anywhere with an internet connection using a mobile or other networked device.
Devices in a smart home are interconnected through the internet, allowing the user to control functions such as security access to the home, temperature, lighting, and a home theater remotely.
Smart homes can be set up through wireless or hardwired systems.
Smart home technology provides homeowners with convenience and cost savings.
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IoT in Smart Home
Smart Home Automation
Digital Technology has enabled business to innovate their approach to interacting with society.
People from all generations are more comfortable with digital technology and are using smart devices to their advantage throughout their busy days.
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IoT in Smart Home
Smart Buildings
Corporate offices can be occupied by thousands of employees.
Keeping the environment, such as lighting, heat, humidity, in the building within acceptable parameters helps to keep employees happy and therefore more productive.
Many companies now provide some or all their services on-line. From the comfort of your home, car, gym, or office, you can shop for groceries on-line, order restaurant meals to be delivered to your door, book travel on-line, order clothes, camping gear, taxis, stay connected to friends, or meet a new love interest.
Sensors are everywhere generating massive amounts of data.
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Video - Ideal Buildings
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IoT in Smart Home
Smart homes can be equipped with motion sensors, water sensors, light sensors, doorbell sensors, and temperature sensors.
There can be sensors in traffic lights, transport trucks, parking garages, security cameras, trains, and planes.
All of these sensors and measuring devices collect and transmit their data.
The data can be stored and analyzed later, or it can be analyzed immediately to be used to modify computers, mobile devices, or processes of any sort.
How is the stored and analyzed data used?
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SMART home sensors communication through the internet of things. (http://www.nibib.nih.gov/sites/default/files/SMART-HOUSE_2_DCook.jpg).
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The global smart home market
The global smart home market is forecast to grow to 53.45 billion U.S. dollars in size by 2022.
Smart home, also called home automation, is an automation system that controls the lighting, climate, entertainment, appliances, and home security such as alarm systems of a household.
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Home Automation Using the Internet of Things (IoT)
The smart home market is being driven by an increase in the number of internet users and the adoption of smart devices, as well as a growing need for energy-saving and low-carbon emission-oriented solutions.
The technology that is required to build a home automation platform includes:
Hardware, software, protocols, sensors, architectures, gateways, and platforms for running the applications like: Lighting control, HVAC, Lawn/Gardening, management, Smart Home Appliances, Improved Home safety and security, Home air quality and water quality monitoring, Natural Language-based voice assistants, Better Infotainment delivery, AI-driven digital experiences, Smart Switches, Smart Locks and Smart Energy Meters
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Smart Homes
Some Advantages:
Installing a smart home technology system provides homeowners with convenience.
Users can get notifications and updates on issues in their homes.
For instance, smart doorbells allow homeowners to see and communicate with people who come to their doors even when they're not at home.
Users can set and control the internal temperature, lighting, and appliances as well.
For the cost of setting up the smart system, homeowners can benefit from significant cost savings.
Appliances and electronics can be used more efficiently, lowering energy costs.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Smart Homes
Some Disadvantages:
Security risks and bugs continue to plague makers and users of the technology.
Adept hackers, for example, can gain access to a smart home's internet-enabled appliances.
Measures to mitigate the risks of such attacks include protecting smart appliances and devices with a strong password, using encryption when available, and only connecting trusted devices to one's network.
As noted above, the costs of installing smart technology can run anywhere from a few thousand dollars for a wireless system to tens of thousands of dollars for a hardwired system.
It's a heavy price to pay, especially since there may be a steep learning curve to get used to the system for everyone in the household.
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IoT in Smart Home
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IoT in Smart Home
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IoT in Smart Home
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Video: Smart Home Tour
How to start a SMART HOME in 2022 (15 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TTpkECCNAPg
How to start or expand your smart home in 2022, what devices you need, how the Matter standard impacts you, and see how we automate our own smart home.
Smart Home Tour: Fully Automated! (17 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLkASaFQPkc
My smart home has a LOT of home automation, but what’s even better is you can set this all up yourself. Let me show you around!
AWS IoT for the Connected Home (2 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FerZ0KvlP7g
As the use of connected home devices continue to grow, more and more data is being pushed to the cloud, where the latest IoT and machine learning technologies are enabling new innovations in connected home applications. AWS IoT helps connected home device manufacturers easily, quickly, and securely build differentiated connected home products at scale.
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Smart City
Smart City Automation Will Change the Way We Live!
What is Smart City?
What are definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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The smart city like the name suggests is a very big innovation and spans a wide variety of use cases, from water distribution to traffic management to waste management, environmental monitoring, and urban security. The reason why it is so popular is that it tries to remove the discomfort and problems of people who live in cities. IoT solutions offered in the Smart City area solve various city-related problems comprising of traffic, reduce air and noise pollution and help make cities safer.
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Smart City Definition
A smart city uses information and communication technology (ICT) to improve operational efficiency, share information with the public and provide a better quality of government service and citizen welfare.
The main goal of a smart city is to optimize city functions and promote economic growth while also improving the quality of life for citizens by using smart technologies and data analysis.
The value lies in how this technology is used rather than simply how much technology is available.
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Smart City
Smart Cities, such as Barcelona, Spain, use sensors to control many of their infrastructure systems such as traffic flow, parking, water utilization, and hydro.
Example 1: Weight sensors in parking spaces allow drivers to quickly know where there is an available parking spot.
This reduces driving and idling time for the driver and lowers carbon emissions for the environment.
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Smart City
Example 2: Sensors on traffic lights can detect traffic congestion.
This data is sent to the computer system that collects data and make decisions.
The new decisions are sent to actuators that modify red versus green light times to assist the flow of traffic.
This also alleviates idling but also reduces driver frustration and accidents.
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Example
Smart Cities, such as Barcelona, Spain, use sensors to control many of their infrastructure systems such as traffic flow, parking, water utilization, and hydro.
Example 1: Weight sensors in parking spaces allow drivers to quickly know where there is an available parking spot. This reduces driving and idling time for the driver and lowers carbon emissions for the environment.
Example 2: Sensors on traffic lights can detect traffic congestion. This data is sent to the computer system that collects data and make decisions.
The new decisions are sent to actuators that modify red versus green light times to assist the flow of traffic.
This also alleviates idling but also reduces driver frustration and accidents.
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The global smart Cities market
The global Smart Cities Market size to grow from USD 457.0 billion in 2021 to USD 873.7 billion by 2026, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 13.8% during the forecast period.
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Top 5 Smart City in 2022
Juniper Research’s smart city rankings around the globe in year 2022 are:
Shanghai
Seoul
Barcelona
Beijing
New York
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Smart City Application Examples
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Sample Smart Cities Projects
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History of Smart Cities
The concept of smart cities began as far back as the 1960s and 1970s when the US Community Analysis Bureau began using databases, aerial photography and cluster analysis to collect data, direct resources and issue reports in order to direct services, mitigate against disasters and reduce poverty.
This led to the creation of the first generation of smart cities.
The first generation of smart city was delivered by technology providers to understand the implications of technology on daily life.
This led to the second generation of smart city, which looked at how smart technologies and other innovations could create joined-up municipal solutions.
The third generation of smart city took the control away from technology providers and city leaders, instead creating a model that involved the public and enabled social inclusion and community engagement.
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Smart City Technologies
Smart cities use a variety of software, user interfaces and communication networks alongside the Internet of Things (IoT) to deliver connected solutions for the public.
The IoT is a network of connected devices that communicate and exchange data in smart city.
This can include anything from vehicles to home appliances and on-street sensors.
Data collected from these devices is stored in the cloud or on servers to allow for improvements to be made to both public and private sector efficiencies and deliver economic benefits and improvements to the lives of citizens.
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How Smart Cities Work
Smart cities follow four steps to improve the quality of life and enable economic growth through a network of connected IoT devices and other technologies. These steps are as follows:
1. Collection – Smart sensors gather real-time data
2. Analysis – The data is analyzed to gain insights into the operation of city services and operations
3. Communication – The results of the data analysis are communicated to decision makers
4. Action – Action is taken to improve operations, manage assets and improve the quality of city life for the residents
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Why Smart Cities Are Important
54% of the world’s population live in cities and this is expected to rise to 66% by 2050, adding a further 2.5 billion people to the urban population over the next three decades.
With this expected population growth there comes a need to manage environmental, social and economic sustainability of resources.
Smart cities allow citizens and local government authorities to work together to launch initiatives and use smart technologies to manage assets and resources in the growing urban environment.
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Smart City Challenges
For all of the benefits offered by smart cities, there are also challenges to overcome. These include government officials allowing widespread participation from citizens. There is also a need for the private and public sectors to align with residents so that everyone can positively contribute to the community.
Smart city projects need to be transparent and available to citizens via an open data portal or mobile app. This allows residents to engage with the data and complete personal tasks like paying bills, finding efficient transportation options and assessing energy consumption in the home.
This all requires a solid and secure system of data collection and storage to prevent hacking or misuse. Smart city data also needs to be anonymized to prevent privacy issues from arising.
The largest challenge is quite probably that of connectivity, with thousands or even millions of IoT devices needing to connect and work in unison. This will allow services to be joined up and ongoing improvements to be made as demand increases.
Technology aside, smart cities also need to account for social factors that provide a cultural fabric that is attractive to residents and offer a sense of place. This is particularly important for those cities that are being created from the ground up and need to attract residents.
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Are Smart City Secure?
Smart cities offer plenty of benefits to improve citizen safety, such as connected surveillance systems, intelligent roadways and public safety monitoring, but what about protecting the smart cities themselves?
There is a need to ensure smart cities are protected from cyber attacks, hacking and data theft while also making sure the data that is reported is accurate.
In order to manage the security of smart cities there is a need to implement measures such as physical data vaults, resilient authentication management and ID solutions. Citizens need to trust the security of smart cities which means government, private sector enterprise, software developers, device manufacturers, energy providers and network service managers need to work together to deliver integrated solutions with core security objectives.
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Are Smart City Secure?
These core security objectives can be broken down as follows:
Availability – Data needs to be available in real time with reliable access in order to make sure it performs it function in monitoring the various parts of the smart city infrastructure
Integrity – The data must not only be readily available, but it must also be accurate. This also means safeguarding against manipulation from outside
Confidentiality – Sensitive data needs to be kept confidential and safe from unauthorized access. This may mean the use of firewalls or the anonymizing of data
Accountability – System users need to be accountable for their actions and interaction with sensitive data systems. Users' logs should record who is accessing the information to ensure accountability should there be any problems
Legislation is already being put in place in different nations, such as the IoT Cybersecurity Improvement Act in the United States to help determine and establish minimum security requirements for connected devices in smart cities.
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Video: Smart City
Smart Cities: Improving Mobility, Access and Safety with Sensor Technology (6 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NylvPFqEmtg
How can cities meet the needs of millions more people? Today city planners and companies are working together to develop the biggest technological innovation yet – the smart city. In this video learn what a smart city is, how sensors are important to developing smart city infrastructure, and the importance of integrating data into that infrastructure. Hear from experts in the field and see examples of powerful smart city applications.
How Smart are Smart Cities? (12 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bRs_SZ0pUY
Smart cities are meant to improve the lives of city dwellers. But these systems require huge amounts of data to work. How is this data collected? And what are the potential pitfalls?
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Smart Healthcare
Smart Healthcare Automation Will Change the Way We Live!
What is Smart Healthcare?
What are definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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Definition of Smart Healthcare
Smart healthcare can be defined as an integration of patients and doctors onto a common platform for intelligent health monitoring by analyzing day-to-day human activities.
Smart healthcare is an open, standards-based technology IoT-based platform that enables innovators to create apps that seamlessly and securely run across the healthcare system.
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Smart healthcare Market
Smart healthcare products are a tool that incorporates advanced technologies to provide patients with improved treatment and enhance the quality of life.
Some of the most popular kinds of smart health care items are smart pills, smart syringes, smart insulin pens, connected inhalers, asthma monitors, electronic health care, etc.
They have reliable patient-related data and assist physicians to properly handle their patients.
The growth of this market is driven by rising chronic illnesses such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, etc.
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The global Smart Healthcare Market
According to Precedence Research, the global smart healthcare market size is predicted to hit around US$ 482.25 billion by 2027, growing at a CAGR of 17.97%.
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The global Smart Healthcare Market
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https://www.precedenceresearch.com/smart-healthcare-market
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IoT Applications in Healthcare
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Application Domains in Smart Healthcare
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Classification of Smart Healthcare
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https://www.smohanty.org/Publications_Journals/2018/Mohanty_IEEE-CEM_2018-Jan_Smart-Healthcare.pdf
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The IoT in Smart Healthcare
The IoT is a combination of ubiquitous communication, connectivity and computing along with ambient intelligence.
It refers to a cyber physical paradigm, where all the real-world components can stay connected.
The IoT gives users the ability to plan every day and it integrates real physical world elements such as electronic devices, smart phones and tablets which can communicate both physically and wirelessly.
The IoT helps in managing virtually any number of devices.
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https://www.smohanty.org/Publications_Journals/2018/Mohanty_IEEE-CEM_2018-Jan_Smart-Healthcare.pdf
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Advantages of IoT smart Healthcare
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Advantages of IoT smart Healthcare
Traditional healthcare is unable to accommodate everyone’s needs due to the tremendous increase in population.
Despite having excellent infrastructure, and cutting-edge technologies, medical services are not approachable or affordable to everyone.
One of the goals of smart healthcare is to help users by educating them about their medical status and keeping them health-aware.
Smart healthcare empowers users to self-manage some emergency situations.
It provides an emphasis on improving the quality and experience of the user.
Smart healthcare helps in utilizing available resources to their maximum potential.
It aids remote monitoring of patients and helps in reducing the cost of the treatment for the user.
It also helps medical practitioners to extend their services without any geographical barriers.
With an increasing trend towards smart cities, an effective smart healthcare system assures a healthy living for its citizens.
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What are smart medical devices?
Equipped with wireless IoT technology able to monitor and transmit critical data in real time, a smart medical device links doctors with patients at home or enroute to the hospital.
These devices provide patients a high level of mobility and healthcare providers the ability to remotely monitor patient status.
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https://www.smohanty.org/Publications_Journals/2018/Mohanty_IEEE-CEM_2018-Jan_Smart-Healthcare.pdf
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Healthcare IoT devices
Healthcare IoT devices allow medical professionals to collect data on the condition of patients without the risks that come with bringing large numbers of potentially infectious people together in proximity.
Beyond pandemic response use cases, though, they also allow doctors to potentially examine, diagnose and treat larger numbers of patients, as well as expand healthcare to regions where physical access to doctors or hospitals is difficult due to remoteness or difficulty of access.
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IoT Applications in Healthcare-Devices
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IoT is Transforming the Healthcare Industry
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Healthcare is about to change beyond recognition.
The need to collect, store, and analyze patient data has driven the healthcare industry to embrace various trending digital technologies.
Internet of Things (IoT)
Cloud Computing
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Wearables to track health vitals
Smart Hospitals
Mobile Healthcare (mHealth)
Real-time monitoring
Better patient experience
Cost Reduction
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Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)
The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is a combination of medical devices and applications that can connect to health care information technology systems using networking technologies.
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https://aabme.asme.org/posts/internet-of-medical-things-revolutionizing-healthcare
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Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)
The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is the network of Internet-connected medical devices, hardware infrastructure, and software applications used to connect healthcare information technology.
Sometimes referred to as IoT in healthcare, IoMT allows wireless and remote devices to securely communicate over the Internet to allow rapid and flexible analysis of medical data.
IoMT’s impact on the healthcare market is undeniable and irreversible.
According to a recent Deloitte survey, the overall IoMT market is expected to grow from $41 billion in 2017 to $158 billion by 2022.
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What is the difference between IoT and IoMT?
Similarly, the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) involves connected devices used within the medical and health care industry.
They differ from general IoT not just in terms of usage, but also in design.
IoT is often more consumer-focused, designed to provide maximum convenience and usability.
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5 IoT Applications in Healthcare
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Smart Farming
Smart Farming Automation Will Change the Way We Live!
What is Smart Farming?
What are definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to transform the ways we live in the world; we have more-efficient industries, more connected cars, and smarter cities, all these as components of an integrated IoT system.
Read More IoT Applications in Detail
The ever-growing global population would touch around 9.6 billion by 2050. So, to feed this immense population, the agriculture industry needs to embrace IoT. The demand for more food has to meet overcoming challenges such as, rising climate change, extreme weather conditions and environmental impact that results from intensive farming practices.
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Definition of Smart Farming
"Smart farming" is an emerging concept that refers to managing farms using technologies like IoT, robotics, drones and AI to increase the quantity and quality of products while optimizing the human labor required by production.
Many believe that IoT can add value to all areas of farming, from growing crops to forestry.
While there are several ways that IoT can improve farming, two of the major ways IoT can revolutionize agriculture are precision farming and farming automation.
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Smart Farming Market
The global smart agriculture market size was valued at $16,746.7 million in 2019 and is estimated to reach $29,234.6 million by 2027 with a CAGR of 9.7% from 2021 to 2027.
Smart agriculture is a concept focused on providing the agricultural industry with the infrastructure to leverage advanced technology.
Moreover, connected technologies such as WiFi, Zigbee, additional wireless sensor, and low power wide area network technology are some of the different technologies that help farmers efficiently execute different agriculture operations such as harvesting, purchasing, planting, and inventory control.
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https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/smart-agriculture-market#:~:text=The%20global%20smart%20agriculture%20market,infrastructure%20to%20leverage%20advanced%20technology.
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The global Smart Farming Market
The smart agriculture market is expected to grow from USD 12.9 billion in 2021 to USD 20.8 billion by 2026; it is expected to grow at a CAGR of 10.1 % during the forecast period.
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https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/smart-agriculture-market-239736790.html
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Smart Farming Technology
Sensors: soil, water, light, humidity, temperature management
Software: specialized software solutions that target specific farm types or applications agnostic IoT platforms
Connectivity: cellular, LoRa
Location: GPS, Satellite
Robotics: Autonomous tractors, processing facilities
Data analytics: standalone analytics solutions, data pipelines for downstream solutions
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https://www.iotforall.com/smart-farming-future-of-agriculture
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IoT Smart Farming
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IoT in Smart Farming
Farming is one sector that will benefit the most from the Internet of Things.
With so many developments happening on tools farmers can use for agriculture, the future is sure promising.
Tools are being developed for Drip Irrigation, understanding crop patterns, Water Distribution, drones for Farm Surveillance, and more.
These will allow farmers to produce a more productive yield and take care of the concerns better.
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IOT TRANSFORMING THE FUTURE OF AGRICULTURE
With the exponential growth of world population, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, the world will need to produce 70% more food in 2050, shrinking agricultural lands, and depletion of finite natural resources, the need to enhance farm yield has become critical.
Limited availability of natural resources such as fresh water and arable land along with slowing yield trends in several staple crops, have further aggravated the problem.
Another impeding concern over the farming industry is the shifting structure of agricultural workforce. Moreover, agricultural labor in most of the countries has declined.
As a result of the declining agricultural workforce, adoption of internet connectivity solutions in farming practices has been triggered, to reduce the need for manual labor.
IoT solutions are focused on helping farmers close the supply demand gap, by ensuring high yields, profitability, and protection of the environment.
The approach of using IoT technology to ensure optimum application of resources to achieve high crop yields and reduce operational costs is called precision agriculture.
IoT in agriculture technologies comprise specialized equipment, wireless connectivity, software and IT services.
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https://www.iotsworldcongress.com/iot-transforming-the-future-of-agriculture/
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4 Best Benefits of IoT in Agriculture
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Precision Farming
Precision farming is a process or a practice that makes the farming procedure more accurate and controlled for raising livestock and growing of crops. The use of IT and items like sensors, autonomous vehicles, automated hardware, control systems, robotics, etc in this approach are key components.
Agricultural drones are a very good example of IoT applications in Agriculture. Agriculture industries today, have become one of the major industries where drones can incorporate. Two types of drones, that is, ground-based and aerial-based drones are being incorporated in agriculture in many ways such as, for crop health assessment, irrigation, planting, and soil & field analysis.
IoT applications help farmers to collect data regarding the location, well-being, and health of their cattle. This information helps them in identifying the condition of their livestock. Such as, finding animals that are sick so, that they can separate from the herd, preventing the spread of the disease to the entire cattle. The feasibility of ranchers to locate their cattle with the help of IoT based sensors helps in bringing down labor costs by a substantial amount.
Greenhouse farming is a technique that enhances the yield of crops, vegetables, fruits etc. Greenhouses control environmental parameters in two ways; either through manual intervention or a proportional control mechanism. However, since manual intervention has disadvantages such as production loss, energy loss, and labor cost, these methods are less effective. A smart greenhouse through IoT embedded systems not only monitors intelligently but also controls the climate. Thereby eliminating any need for human intervention.
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Video: Smart Farming
What is IoT and what does it mean for farmers? (3 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pOLAIVUs9S8
This video to help explain what the Internet of Things (IoT) is and what it means for farmers.
Smart Farming: How Robots and AI Can Help Us with Farming (13 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfCEQgx4d-4
The world's population is growing steadily and efficient agriculture is becoming increasingly important. That's why a lot of research is being done on smart farming. Smart farming means agriculture supported by robots, autonomous systems and AI.
IoT Smart Agriculture Monitoring & Automatic Irrigation System using ESP8266 (10 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tl4qblr5dlo
In this video, we will make an IoT-based smart agriculture monitoring & automatic irrigation system using ESP8266 NodeMCU and Blynk IoT Cloud.
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Smart Wearable
What is Smart Wearable? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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Just like smart homes, wearables remain a hot topic too among potential IOT applications. Every year, consumers all across the globe await the release of Apple’ smartwatch. Apart from this, there are plenty of other wearable devices that make our life easy such as the Sony Smart B Trainer, or LookSee bracelet, the Myo gesture control.
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Definition of Smart Wearables
Smart wearables are consumer-grade, connected electronic devices that can be worn on the body as an accessory or embedded into clothing.
These include smartwatches, rings and wristbands, to name a few, and they all have high processing power and numerous sophisticated sensors that can glean new health insights.
Wearables is a hot topic in the market, it covers wide range of purposes ranging from medical, wellness to fitness.
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Smart Wearable Market
The shipment volume of smart wearables globally stood at 266.3 million units in 2020, and it is projected to reach 776.23 million units by 2026, registering a CAGR of 19.48% during the period of 2021-2026.
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https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/smart-wearables-market
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Smart Wearable Devices
Watches.
Fitness trackers.
Hearables.
Smart clothing.
Glasses.
Smart jewelry.
Wearable cameras.
Body sensors.
Others
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Wearable Technology in Healthcare
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Future of Wearable Technology
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Wearable Technology in the Future Will Be Seamless and Convenient.
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IoT Fitness Tracker
IoT-connected devices help you optimize your fitness goals and track progress.
Fitness trackers track your daily activities like sleeping patterns, heart rate, patterns of activity, statistics of workouts, calories burned, and more. These devices do all this through sensors that collect data from your skin.
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Video: Smart Wearable
The Future of Tech is Wearables (8 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCvwPAZx_o0
Wearable NFTs anyone? Fashion marketplaces selling looks for the Metaverse (5 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRqjnM2yv-s
Would you pay tens of thousands of bucks to buy clothes that you could never wear in real life?
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Smart Car
What is Smart Car? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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Connected car technology is a vast and an extensive network of multiple sensors, antennas, embedded software, and technologies that assist in communication to navigate in our complex world. It has the responsibility of making decisions with consistency, accuracy, and speed. It also has to be reliable. These requirements will become even more critical when humans give up entirely the control of the steering wheel and brakes to the autonomous or automated vehicles that are being successfully tested on our highways right now.
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Smart Car
Connected to various media technologies such as smart phones or navigation systems, automobiles today are transforming into so-called 'smart cars’.
Smart cars are not just mechanical devices, but information media systems.
The smart car is a prosthesis that assists the driver, enhancing the original function of the car, and provides a new place environment to the driver by composing a hybrid space where information space and actual space are fused. T
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https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/168509/1/Lee-Kim.pdf
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What is a Smart Car?
Also known as intelligent cars, smart cars are vehicles that are equipped with system-driven forms of artificial intelligence.
The underlying concept of the smart car is to free the driver from many of the mundane tasks associated with driving, making the act of driving more pleasant.
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Self-driven Cars
Self-driving cars are revolutionizing transportation.
The cars are equipped with many ultrasound sensors, cameras, precision GPSs, and computers.
The combination of the on-board equipment allows the computers to identify, other cars, lanes, pedestrians, and obstructions.
This information allows the car to stay in its lane, stop when required, and weave around obstructions.
Some of the manufacturers in the "autonomous car" market are Tesla Motors, General Motors, Volvo, and Mercedes-Benz.
Corporations such as Waymo, Google's sibling, and Uber are also designing and testing the technology.
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Self-driven Cars
The road to complete autonomy using this technology is complicated.
There have been many high-profile crashes and some serious accidents involving self-driving cars.
Some states within the USA have already approved limited use of self-driving cars but researchers believe it will be a few years before the technology becomes mainstream.
Once the technology is proven, what is next? Self-driving trucks? Airplanes? Trains?
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Self-driven Cars
We’ve seen a lot about self-driven cars. Google tried it out, Tesla tested it, and even Uber produced a version of self-driven cars that it later shelved.
Since it’s human lives on the roads that we’re dealing with, we need to ensure the technology has all that it takes to ensure better safety for the passenger and those on the roads.
The cars use several sensors and embedded systems connected to the Cloud and the internet to keep generating data and sending them to the Cloud for informed decision-making through Machine Learning.
Though it will take a few more years for the technology to evolve completely and for countries to amend laws and policies, what we’re witnessing right now is one of the best applications of IoT.
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Self-driven Cars
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Video: Self Driving Cars
How Do Self-Driving Cars Actually Work? (10 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMH8dk9b3yA
Tesla has just launched its new self-driving semi truck, and other companies like Google and Volvo are hot on their tails in the self-driving automobile industry. But how do these cars actually work?
How Does Tesla's Autopilot Work? (9 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECmG0nNJE98
Top 6 Autonomous Vehicles & Companies to watch in 2021-2022 (11 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdFi3RToOBk
Self-driving technology is the next big thing?
As the development of self-driving cars progresses at a rapid clip, numerous companies have stated their intentions to market and sell autonomous automobiles.
Apple, recently announced that it would be producing a self-driving car for consumers by 2024.
Amazon acquired the start up Zoox recently.
Many companies are working on developing self-driving cars, software and hardware for autonomous vehicles of all types.
But some are further along in terms of real-world testing and practical experience than others. Here are the top 6 startups/companies in autonomous driving technology.
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Smart Grid
What is Smart Grid? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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Smart Grid
One of the many useful IoT examples, a smart grid, is a holistic solution that applies an extensive range of Information Technology resources that enable existing and new gridlines to reduce electricity waste and cost.
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What Is the Smart Grid?
A smart grid is an electricity network based on digital technology that is used to supply electricity to consumers via two-way digital communication.
This system allows for monitoring, analysis, control and communication within the supply chain to help improve efficiency, reduce energy consumption and cost, and maximize the transparency and reliability of the energy supply chain.
The technologies that make today’s IoT-enabled energy grid “smart” include wireless devices such as sensors, radio modules, gateways and routers.
These devices provide the sophisticated connectivity and communications that empower consumers to make better energy usage decisions, allow cities to save electricity and expense, and enables power authorities to more quickly restore power after a blackout.
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https://www.digi.com/blog/post/what-is-the-smart-grid-and-how-enabled-by-iot
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The global Smart Grid Market size
According to Precedence Research, the smart grid market size is projected to be worth around US$ 162.4 billion by 2030 and expanding growth at a CAGR of 18.2% from 2021 to 2030.
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https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2021/12/15/2352520/0/en/Smart-Grid-Market-Size-to-Worth-Around-US-162-8-Bn-by-2030.html
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Benefits of Smart Grid
Smart grid technology can be expressed in a single sentence: a new electric grid with two-way communication.
Smart Grid Enables Renewable and efficient Energy Generation
Real time Billing information, Better Predictions, more Reliable power
Smart grid is resilient, efficient and green which is good environment
The Smart Grid as the Backbone of the Modern Smart City
Wireless technology will replace thousands of miles of cable that would have been needed to advance the smart grid to where it is today.
Working with smart devices and smart home
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Benefits of Smart Grid
Creating smart job opportunities
Reduce fuel costs
The smart grid is the IoT that attends to energy systems.
Utility companies use smart grid technologies to find energy efficiencies through various means, including monitoring energy consumption, predicting energy shortages and power outages, and gathering data on how different individuals and companies use energy.
The average individual can also use insights from the smart grid to assess their own energy use and find efficiencies in their household.
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Why Smart Grid
The growing trend today is for municipalities to move toward smart grid technologies for a range of reasons.
Need to improve energy usage,
Provide better customer service to their citizens,
Prepare for disasters and upgrade aging technology that is expensive to maintain
As well, advances in technology have made wireless, both cellular and RF (radio frequency), affordable and easy to use in smart grid applications.
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Why Smart Grid
According to Scientific American there are 200,000 miles of high voltage transmission lines in the United States that collectively carry more than one million megawatts of electricity.
The problem for the U.S. is that a lot of this infrastructure was built in the twentieth century in a multi-billion-dollar project conceived and executed largely before the invention of the Internet, and certainly before cellular (and RF technologies) technology emerged as a viable replacement of expensive cable.
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How Smart Cities Are Adopting Smart Grid Technology
Smart city applications include everything from smart city lighting, energy management and intelligent traffic management to water treatment and wastewater management.
Sensors in traffic lights can send information back to a central authority for decision making.
With intelligent traffic systems, both surface traffic and public transportation can be managed with routing and traffic lighting to improve or eliminate congestion.
IoT sensors in streetlights can also adjust off and on timing and brightness according to real time conditions.
Sensors can also send out an alert if a light needs servicing.
No need to wait for a call from an angry customer complaining about streetlights being out.
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Application of Smart Grid
fault protection, outage management, dynamic control of voltage, weather data integration, centralized capacitor bank control, distribution and substation automation, advanced sensing, automated feeder reconfiguration.
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Videos for Smart Grid
The Future of Energy: Smart Grid and the Industrial IoT (4 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0ZQc3tJCwQ
The power grid is changing. With the proliferation of renewable generation technologies and drive to improve demand response, the grid's current architecture must change to realize the promise of the IIoT.
The Smart Grid Explained - An Understanding for Everyone
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4L31dHXP6i0 EPCE, the Energy Providers Coalition for Education (www.epceonline.org) with Common Craft present this video intended to provide a simple explanation of what smart grid does, is capable of and why it's important.
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Industrial IoT (IIoT)
What is Industrial IoT (IIoT)? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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What is the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)
The industrial internet of things (IIoT) refers to the extension and use of the internet of things (IoT) in industrial sectors and applications.
With a strong focus on machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, big data, and machine learning, the IIoT enables industries and enterprises to have better efficiency and reliability in their operations.
The IIoT encompasses industrial applications, including robotics, medical devices, and software-defined production processes.
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Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) market size worldwide
The global market for industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) was sized at over 263 billion U.S. dollars in 2021. The market is expected to grow in size in the coming years, reaching some 1.11 trillion U.S. dollars by 2028.
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Application of IIoT
IIoT can be used to monitor and control the heating, lighting, energy consumption, fire protection, employee safety and many other systems for multiple buildings from a central location.
The real-time machine data can be transferred to a central cloud application, using industrial communication networks.
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Use of IIoT by industrial companies
ABB: Smart robotics
Airbus: Factory of the Future
Amazon: Reinventing warehousing
Boeing: Using IoT to drive manufacturing efficiency
Bosch: Track and trace innovator
Caterpillar: An IIoT pioneer
Fanuc: Helping to minimize downtime in factories
Gehring: A pioneer in connected manufacturing
Hitachi: An integrated IIoT approach
John Deere: Self-driving tractors and more
John Deere: Self-driving tractors and more
Shell: Smart oil field innovator
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Benefits of IIoT
Increase productivity and uptime.
Improve process efficiencies.
Accelerate innovation.
Reduce asset downtime.
Enhance operational efficiency.
Create end-to-end operational visibility.
Improve product quality.
Reduce operating costs.
Predictive Maintenance.
Quality Control.
Safer Operating Environment for Workers. ...
Inventory/Supply Chain Management.
Process Optimization.
Customer Satisfaction.
AI Supercharging IIoT.
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Manufactures are using (IIoT)
For supply chain to delivery
For organized view of production,
For process and product data,
For big data analytics and predictive modeling,
For prevent defects and downtime,
For maximize equipment performance,
For cut warranty costs,
For boost production yield and enhance the customer experience.
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What is difference between IoT and IIoT?
They both connect devices to the internet and make them smarter.
The difference is that IoT works to make consumers live more convenient and easier, where IIoT works to increase safety and efficiency on production facilities.
IoT is B2C (business-to-consumer) and IIoT is B2B (business-to-business).
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Security considerations and challenges of IIoT
Many security problems associated with the IIoT stem from a lack of basic security measures in place.
With IIoT implementations, three areas need to be focused on: availability, scalability, and security.
Security, however, is where many can stumble when integrating the IIoT into their operations.
Manufacturers should bIIoT adopters have responsibility of securing the setup and use of their connected devices, but device manufacturers have the obligation of protecting their consumers when they roll out their products.
e able to ensure the security of the users and provide preventive measures or remediation when security issues arise.
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IIoT - The 4th Industrial Revolution
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Video: IIoT
What is the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)? (9 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmbUJEShA-8
IIoT vs Digital Transformation vs Industry 4.0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-ALemUcgsU
We get this question so often that we decided to make a video to explain what is IIoT? What is Industry 4.0? And what is Digital Transformation? And how do they relate!
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IoT Smart Retail Shop
What is IoT Smart retail shop? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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What is smart retail in IoT?
In the future, data gathered in stores has unlimited potential in helping retailers improve operational efficiency, better understand their customers and deliver personalized experiences: dynamic pricing, personalized offers and customized products and services.
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Applications of IoT technology for Retail
The installation of WiFi trackers in commercial spaces allows you to collect and record the unique signal that each phone sends in the search for WiFi network and use that information to track the customer through an area and build a profile around their buying habits.
For example, we can collect:
Time that customers smartphone has waited on the checkout line
What time customer came in
What time customer left
Doors used by customers
Areas of the store visited by customers
Customer stay time in each area
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Meshlium Scanner
Small Tracker
Medium Tracker
Carbon Dioxide Monitor
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IoT in retail industry
The use of IoT in retail industry is tightly connected to GPS and RFID technologies that help brands track products through the entire supply chain process.
It gives retailers the visibility they need to monitor product movement, conditions and track location as well as predict a precise delivery time.
Amazon.com alone made an incredible leap from an average of 2 billion monthly visitors in 2019 to 2.3 billion in 2020 and a record 2.8 billion in February 2021.
Today’s technology has the capability to break the wall between brand, product, and customer. Many brands have already started turning to IoT in retail which is expected to grow to $94.44 billion through 2025.
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IoT Market in Retail Applications
NEW YORK, Feb. 21, 2022 /PRNewswire/ --
The Internet of Things (IoT) market in retail applications is expected to grow by USD 44.80 bn from 2021 to 2026, according to Technavio.
However, the growth momentum of the market will decelerate at a CAGR of 16.48%.
Technavio analyzes the market by technology (RFID, sensors, NFC, cloud services, and others) and geography (APAC, North America, Europe, MEA, and South America).
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Advantages of using IoT in Retail
Reduce inventory costs.
Improve customer satisfaction.
Automate your inventory control.
Facilitate inventory control.
Keep track of your margins.
Improve your forecasting.
Adopt a just-in-time relationship with suppliers.
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The role of Internet of Things in retail industry
The concept of IoT opens a wide range of opportunities in many fields, including transportation, healthcare, workplace, and retail.
These two most common applications of IoT in retail sector give a general idea of how this technology can be used in this space:
Data gathering and sharing. Using sensors, retail IoT devices, products and environments can collect important data on an entire product and shopping lifecycle. After this data is processed and analyzed, it is transformed into valuable insights that help retail managers make informed decisions and improve retail experience and operations
Acting based on collected data. IoT-enabled machines and connected stores can be partially or fully automated to drive efficiency, sustainability and resilience to retail operations and processes.
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https://www.digiteum.com/internet-of-things-retail-industry/#:~:text=The%20use%20of%20IoT%20in,predict%20a%20precise%20delivery%20time.
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Retail Applications
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IoT Retail Shops
If you haven’t already seen the video of Amazon, Go – the concept store from the eCommerce giant, you should check it out right away. Perhaps this is the best use of the technology in bridging the gap between an online store and a retail store.
The retail store allows you to go cashless by deducting money from your Amazon wallet.
It also adds items to your cart in real-time when you pick products from the shelves.
If you change your mind and pick up another article, the previous one gets deleted and replaces your cart with the new item.
The best part of the concept store is that there is no cashier to bill your products.
You don’t have to stand in line but just step out after you pick up your products from shelves. If this technology is effective enough to fetch more patronage, this is sure to become a norm in the coming years.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT
Personalized communications based on IoT-collected data
Target uses IoT-based beacons to collect user data and send hyper-personalized content.
A visitor can download a Target mobile app for iOS and Android and get product recommendations corresponding to the department they are shopping in.
The system of notifications operates like a newsfeed, where all content is sorted by relevance based on the part of the store the user’s exploring.
This way, Target successfully shifts the focus to the customer, manages to communicate with in-store visitors more efficiently, and cuts the idle browsing time.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT
Optimizing product usage
Rolls Royce uses the Internet of Things to improve the maintenance of its aircraft engines.
The brand collects data about the state of an engine on a daily basis and alerts clients as soon as there’s a need for active maintenance.
This way, end-users can avoid damage while the brand receives important information on product usage to further improve design and performance.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT
Monitor and predict in-store wait times
Disney World has introduced its first IoT-enabled wearable MagicBand to provide guests with better service, manage lines, automate payment and guest management, etc.
Today's MagicBand offers guests a wide range of features for exciting immersive experiences around Disney World and soon also in Disneyland.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT
Using wearables for loyalty programs
Wearable technology has been a known success for fitness and healthcare.
However, wearable IoT application in retail is not limited to tracking location data.
In fact, retail companies can benefit from using wearables in many different ways, for example, to identify loyal clients and provide extra services.
Hotels use wristbands to identify premium guests and offer bonuses and discount programs for their stay.
Wristbands are a non-invasive way to offer a loyalty program and say ‘thank you’ to those who have supported the brand for a long time.
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https://www.digiteum.com/internet-of-things-retail-industry/#:~:text=The%20use%20of%20IoT%20in,predict%20a%20precise%20delivery%20time.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT
Keep the customer updated on the product delivery status
ParceLive is a shipment tracking service that allows users to monitor parcels in real-time.
The company tracks deliveries with built-in GPS trackers and collects data on shipping speed, conditions and location.
Using the data from a combination of sensors, the company can even alert clients if their package was dropped or potentially damaged.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSkGRhcWG0Y
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Future Retail Shopping
Innovations like the Internet of Things (IoT), AI and robotics are transforming our world in endlessly inventive ways.
One sector experiencing a massive impact from this tech is retail – IoT features, and functions are endlessly evolving to meet the shifting demands of the next generations of shoppers.
The future of retail will feature a high level of online penetration.
The best suppliers will establish direct-to-consumer relationships, where retailers will no longer serve as the gatekeeper to the customer.
Walmart Metaverse Shopping envisions a more complicated online shopping experience is an example for future retail shops!
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The future of retail is on the Internet of Things
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Video: IoT Smart Retail Shop
Amazon Go – SNL (3 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zS9U3Gc832Y
A commercial advertises a new grab-and-go shopping experience.
An Inside Look At How Amazon Go Works (10 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qo89Ed-PYQ8
An Inside Look At How Amazon Go Works In this video, we break down An Inside Look At How Amazon Go Works.
This is how Walmart envisions Shopping in the Metaverse! (3 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6UYGwPaLf8
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IoT Smart Traffic Management
What is IoT Smart Traffic Management? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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How IoT is used in traffic management?
Sensors installed in key locations may collect data on high-traffic crossings and areas where cars are diverted using IoT technology.
Big data may be used to further analyze this information and determine alternate routes, as well as improve traffic signals to reduce congestion.
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U.S. smart Traffic Management System Market
The global intelligent traffic management system market size was valued at USD 9.70 billion in 2021 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.1% from 2022 to 2030.
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Benefits IoT for Traffic Management
Enhance Customer Experience.
Improved Safety.
Operational Performance.
Environmental Improvements.
Traffic Management.
Toll and Ticketing.
Connected Cars.
Vehicle Tracking Systems.
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How is the Internet of things being used in Traffic management?
One of the most significant infrastructure challenges faced by emerging countries today is traffic management.
Developed nations and smart cities are already taking advantage of IoT to reduce traffic congestion.
Smart traffic management, includes elements such as smart parking sensors, smart lighting, smart roads, and smart accident aid, among others.
Managing Traffic Lights
Management and Prevention of Road - Accidents
Cameras and Sensors
Parking with Insight
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Video: Smart Traffic Management
AI Based IoT Road Safety and Traffic Management (6 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UekJZEaw9Ec
Vehicle tracking and traffic data collection are of great significance with applications in intelligent traffic management, law enforcement, road infrastructure development as well as intelligent cities.
Smart Traffic Management System Using Internet of Things (2 min student project)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiVn1a2yTEE
We are presenting an innovation project for the betterment of our existing traffic regulation and surveillance system. The project will watch the traffic density and according to that it will operate the signals.
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More IoT Applications
IoT Sensors
IoT Data Analytics
IoT Tracking and Monitoring System
IoT Connected Factory
IoT Supply Chain Management
IoT in Transportation
IoT - Advanced Advertising
IoT Water/ Waste Management
IoT in Education
IoT Identity Protection
IoT in Banking
IoT in Government
IoT in Defense
IoT Environmental
IoT Law Enforcement
IoT Asst tracking
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IoT Environmental Monitoring Application
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a. Waste Management
b. Vehicle Tracking
d. Extreme Weather
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IoT Environmental Monitoring Application
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Powerful, advanced systems currently used for weather forecasting allow deep monitoring, but they suffer from using broad instruments, such as radar and satellites. These instruments that are used for small details lack the accurate targeting potential for smart technology.
Now, through the new IoT advances, the IoT system promises more data that fine-grain, better flexibility, and accuracy. Effective weather forecasting procedures require high detail as well as flexibility in instrument type, range, and deployment. This results in early responses to prevent loss of life and property through early detection.
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IoT Law Enforcement Applications
Court System
Policing
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Law enforcement can be hard. IoT acts as a device of regulation enforcement that helps reduce exertions and decisions on people through better information, statistics sharing, and superior automation. IoT systems shave expenses with the aid of reducing human labor in certain regions along with positive traffic violations.
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Conclusion
The above applications of the Internet of Things give us only a partial picture of the enormous potential of this technology.
Creating smart connected systems in home, city, health, farms and other areas provides a great many benefits for citizens around the world, not only to improve quality of life, but also to ensure sustainability and the best possible use of resources.
The quality of smart applications are dependent on a unified approach from government as well as the private sector and users themselves.
With the correct support and infrastructure, however, smart applications can use advances such as the Internet of Things to enhance the lives of residents and create joined-up living solutions for the growing global relationship.
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