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Practicing Leadership: Principles and Applications

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

The Multicultural Leader

Step 1: : Self-Awareness of One’s Personal Diversity Dimensions

Diversity: Differences in cultural dimensions such as race, ethnicity, gender, and religion.

Leading organizations from a multicultural perspective will require leaders to explore how their personal viewpoint contributes to how they see the desired future of their organization.

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

The Diversity Wheel

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

Hoopes’ Stages of Multiculturalism

Stage 1: Ethnocentrism

Stage 2: Awareness

Stage 3: Understanding

Stage 4: Acceptance/Respect

Stage 5: Appreciating/Valuing

Stage 6: Selective adoption

Stage 7: Multiculturalism

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

The Multicultural Leader

Step 2: Understanding of Other Worldviews

Hofstede’s Model of Cross National Cultural Dimensions

Power Distance Index

Individualism vs. Collectivism

Masculinity vs. Femininity

Uncertainty Avoidance Index

Long-term Orientation vs. Short-term Orientation

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

GLOBE study’s Six Global Leadership Dimensions

Charismatic/Value-Based

Team Oriented

Participative

Humane Oriented

Self-Protective

Autonomous

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

The Multicultural Leader

Step 3: Culturally Responsive Practice: Individual Level

Culturally responsive leadership practice includes the willingness to take personal risks and the ability to harness and utilize social capital

Social capital: The value of interpersonal connections in solidifying a relationship, organizational culture, or business deal

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

The Multicultural Leader

Step #4: Culturally Responsive Practice: Organizational Level

Steps leaders can take to promote culturally responsive practice at the organizational level:

Increase your recognition of your own organization’s specific cultural influences and biases.

Create an environment that encourages teaching and learning that supports others in their own multicultural journeys.

Assess is the cultural climate within their organizational system.

Take this data from assessments and champion the organization’s diversity efforts.

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

The Culture Iceberg

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

Questions for Discussion and Review

Why is multicultural leadership even more critical today than it was 10 years ago? What conditions do you think will perpetuate the need for effective multicultural leadership?

What is cultural responsiveness? Identify an example of cultural responsiveness that you have observed in your personal or employment experiences.

Name the five cultural dimensions described by Hofstede, and identify how they may be exercised differently in one country versus another.

How do leaders establish social capital? Why is this important in global and multicultural leadership?

What are some of the explicit (visible) characteristics of your own culture? Name some of the implicit characteristics.

If you organization were starting a diversity effort, who should be identified as champions to best support its success?

Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society

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