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Practicing Leadership: Principles and Applications
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
The Multicultural Leader
Step 1: : Self-Awareness of One’s Personal Diversity Dimensions
Diversity: Differences in cultural dimensions such as race, ethnicity, gender, and religion.
Leading organizations from a multicultural perspective will require leaders to explore how their personal viewpoint contributes to how they see the desired future of their organization.
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
The Diversity Wheel
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
Hoopes’ Stages of Multiculturalism
Stage 1: Ethnocentrism
Stage 2: Awareness
Stage 3: Understanding
Stage 4: Acceptance/Respect
Stage 5: Appreciating/Valuing
Stage 6: Selective adoption
Stage 7: Multiculturalism
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
The Multicultural Leader
Step 2: Understanding of Other Worldviews
Hofstede’s Model of Cross National Cultural Dimensions
Power Distance Index
Individualism vs. Collectivism
Masculinity vs. Femininity
Uncertainty Avoidance Index
Long-term Orientation vs. Short-term Orientation
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
GLOBE study’s Six Global Leadership Dimensions
Charismatic/Value-Based
Team Oriented
Participative
Humane Oriented
Self-Protective
Autonomous
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
The Multicultural Leader
Step 3: Culturally Responsive Practice: Individual Level
Culturally responsive leadership practice includes the willingness to take personal risks and the ability to harness and utilize social capital
Social capital: The value of interpersonal connections in solidifying a relationship, organizational culture, or business deal
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
The Multicultural Leader
Step #4: Culturally Responsive Practice: Organizational Level
Steps leaders can take to promote culturally responsive practice at the organizational level:
Increase your recognition of your own organization’s specific cultural influences and biases.
Create an environment that encourages teaching and learning that supports others in their own multicultural journeys.
Assess is the cultural climate within their organizational system.
Take this data from assessments and champion the organization’s diversity efforts.
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
The Culture Iceberg
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society
Questions for Discussion and Review
Why is multicultural leadership even more critical today than it was 10 years ago? What conditions do you think will perpetuate the need for effective multicultural leadership?
What is cultural responsiveness? Identify an example of cultural responsiveness that you have observed in your personal or employment experiences.
Name the five cultural dimensions described by Hofstede, and identify how they may be exercised differently in one country versus another.
How do leaders establish social capital? Why is this important in global and multicultural leadership?
What are some of the explicit (visible) characteristics of your own culture? Name some of the implicit characteristics.
If you organization were starting a diversity effort, who should be identified as champions to best support its success?
Chapter 3: Leadership in a Global and Multicultural Society