Hazardous Materials

overpack For pur- poses of DOT regula- tions, an enclosure other than a transport vehicle, freight con- tainer, or aircraft unit- loading device that is used by a single con- signor of a hazardous material to provide pro- tection or convenience in handling or to con- solidate two or more packages of hazardous materials

excepted quantity For purposes of DOT

regulations, an auth- orized amount of a hazardous material in certain hazard classes that may be offered for transportation in accor- dance with regulations published at 49 C.F.R. § 173.4

FIGURE 6.11 When a marine pollutant is offered for transp_ortation in nonbulk packaging by watercraft or bulk packaging by any mode, DOT requires shippers and earners at 49 CF.R: § 17

2322 to poS

t this MARINE

POLLUTANT marking on its packaging. The pictogram on this DOT marking is identical to t_he GHS Environment (Aquatic Toxicity) pictogram shown in Table 1.2. It displays a dead tree and dead fish, and is printed in black on a white background or other contrasting color.

If two or more marine pollutants are contained within packaging, DOT requires shippers to indicate parenthetically at least the two components most predom_ina~tly contributing to the marine pollutant designation in association with the p~oper shipping name: When a nonbulk container is inserted into a transport vehicle or freight contamer for shipment by watercraft, shippers must affix the MARINE_POLLUTANT marking on each side and end of the transport vehicle or freight container. When DOT has not listed a marine pollutant in the Hazardous Materials Table at 49 C.F.R. §172.101 and when the marine pollutant does not meet the definition of any class 1 through 8 material, DOT requires shippers to designate by either of the following class 9 entries, as relevant: "UN3082, Environmentally hazardous substance, liquid, n.o.s., 9, PG II" or "UN3077, Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s., 9, PG ill."

6.5-K MARKING OVERPACKED NONBULK PACKAGING To provide protection or convenience in handling hazardous materials, DOT allows a sin- gle consignor to overpack two or more nonbulk packages on a pellet and secure them by strapping, shrink-wrapping, or placement in a box or crate. When the overpacked consign- ment is offered for transportation, DOT requires the consignor at 49 C.F.R. § 173.25(a)(4) to mark the packaging with the word OVERPACK on an outer exterior surface.

OVERPACK

The packaging must also be marked with the proper shipping name, identification number, and orientation arrows, when applicable, and be labeled as required for each hazardous material contained therein.

6.5-L MARKING NONBULK PACKAGING CONTAINING AN EXCEPTED QUANTITY

DOT ~!lows hazardous materials in certain hazard classes to be shipped as excepted q_uant1tres. T~ese are v~ry smaH amounts that a shipper may offer for transportation by a given mode without being sub1e~ted to DOT's shipping paper, label, and placard require- ments. When an excepted quantity of a hazardous material is offered for transportation, DOT_ requires its shipper at 49 C.F.R. § 173.4(g) to affix the EXCEPTED QUANTITY marking shown at the top of the following page or on an outer exterior surface of the packaging. The * and * are used to identify the relevant hazard class/division number and the name of the shipper or consignee, respectively. The crosshatched border and pic- togram are red on a white back~round. The lettering for the specific hazard class/division number and the name of the shipper or consignee are printed in black.

200 Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emerge R d ncy espon ers

6.5-M MARKING ~ONBULK PACKAGING CONTAINING ORM-DS When a material classified as ORM-D is ff d f Pers to mark its nonbulk packaging . h oh ere or transportation, DOT requires ship-wit t e "ORM D" d . . I d . h. angle. When the package is intend d f hi · . esignat10n pace wit ma rect- changed to "ORM-D-AIR." e ors pment by air, the "ORM-D" designation is

[ ORM-D J [ ORM-0-AlR I DOT requires shippers to mark "ORM" or "ORM DAIR,, I I · d d h . - - , as re evant, on at east one side an one en on t e surface of their packag1·ng or h d on an attac e tag.

6.5-N MARKING ALL FORMS OF BULK PACKAGING CONTAINING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

At 49 C.F.R. §1 '.2.30_2(a), DOT requires carriers to mark bulk packaging containing a hazardous material with the relevant identification number on each side and each end if the packaging has a capacity of 1000 gallons (3785 L) or more, or on two opposing sides if the packaging has a capacity less than 1000 gallons (3785 L).

6.5-0 MARKING TRANSPORT VEHICLES AND FREIGHT CONTAINERS LOADED WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IN NONBULK PACKAGING

When an aggregate gross weight of more than 8820 pounds (4000 kg) of a single hazardous material in nonbulk packaging is loaded at one facility and is to be trans- ported in a transport vehicle or freight container, DOT requires the carrier at 49 C.F.R. §172.30l(a)(3) to mark the transport vehicle or freight container on each side and each end with the proper shipping name and identification number of the hazardous material.

When an aggregate gross weight of more than 2205 pounds (1000 kg) of a single hazardous material in hazard class 6.1, Zones A or B, is loaded at one facility and is to be transported in a transport vehicle or freight container, DOT requires the carrier at 49 C.F.R. § l 72.313(c) to mark the packaging with the identification number of the material on each side and each end if the packaging has a capacity equal to or greater than 1000 gallons (3785 L); or on two opposing sides if the packaging has a capacity of less than 1000 gallons (3785 L).

Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders 201

I elevated-temperatu re material For pur- poses of the DOT regu- lations, a hazardous material that when offered for transporta- tion or transported in a bulk packaging exists as a liquid at a tempera- ture equal to or greater than 212°F (100°C); a liquid with a flashpoint equal to or greater than 100°F (37.8°C) that is intentionally heated and offered for trans- portation or trans- ported at or above its flashpoint; or a solid at a temperature equal to or greater than 464°F (240°C)

6.5-P MARKING FREIGHT CONTAINERS CONTAINING FUELED ITEIVJs To draw attention to the potential for explosive ignition, DOT requires shippe carriers at 49 C.F.R. § 176.905 to mark freight containers holding a motor veh~:1:nd mechanical equipment with fuel in its tanks. The EXPLOSIVE-MIXTURE marki~r resembles the following: g

WARNING MAY CONTAIN EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES

WITH AIR KEEP IGNITION SOURCES AWAY

WHEN OPENING

6 .5-Q MARKING BULK PACKAGING CONTAINING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS THAT POSE AN INHALATION HAZARD

When shippers transport in bulk packaging a hazardous material that poses a health haz. ard by inhalation, DOT requires them at 49 C.F.R. § 172.102.13 to mark the words INHALATION HAZARD on two opposing sides of the bulk packaging.

INHALATION HAZARD

6.5-R MARKING BULK PACKAGING CONTAINING ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE MATERIALS

The DOT regulations refer to an elevated-temperature material as any of the following:

A liquid at a temperature equal to or greater than 212°F (100°C); A liquid with a flashpoint equal to or greater than 100°F (37.8°C); or A solid at a temperature equal to or greater than 464°F (240°C)

When carriers transport bulk packaging containing an elevated-temperature material by highway or rail, DOT requires them at 49 C.F.R. §172.325 to display the HOT marking shown below on two opposing sides of the packaging. For example, when they transport a liquid whose identification number is 3256, they post the following HOT marking together with an orange panel displaying the liquid's identification number and a FLAMMABLE placard:

0 3256 DOT designed the HOT marking as a white square-on-point diamond with black letter- ing and border.

DOT also allows carriers to post the identification number of the elevated-temperature material on a HOT marking within a hatched rectangle below the word HOT in_ a whi~e square-on-point diamond, or at the upper corner of the same square-on-point diarnon · For example, a liquid whose identification number is 3256 may be transported with the

202 Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders

following HOT marking that displays the liquid's identification number and a FLAMMABLE placard:

HOT

i_32-56J

6.5-S MARKING BULK PACKAGING CONTAINING MARINE POLLUTANTS OR SEVERE MARINE POLLUTANTS

When carriers transport a marine pollutant or severe marine pollutant in bulk packaging by any mode, DOT requires them to affix the MARINE POLLUTANT marking on at least two opposing sides or two ends other than the bottom if the packaging has a capac- ity of less than 1000 gallons (3785 L), or on each side and each end if the packaging has a capacity equal to or exceeding 1000 gallons (3785 L). When carriers transport a bulk quantity of a marine pollutant or severe marine pollutant in a transport vehicle or freight container, DOT requires them to mark "MARINE POLLUTANT" on each of its sides and ends.

6.5-T MARKING EMPTIED BULK PACKAGING THAT CONTAINED HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

DOT requires at 49 C.F.R. §172.302(d) bulk packaging that has been marked with a proper shipping name, common name, or identification number to remain marked when it is emptied unless it is sufficiently cleaned of residue and purged of vapors to remove any potential hazard, or refilled with a material requiring different markings or no markings, such that any residue remaining in the packaging is no longer hazardous.

6.5-U MARKING PORTABLE TANKS CONTAINING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

When a hazardous material is transported in a portable tank, DOT requires shippers at 49 C.F.R. § 172.326 to mark the portable tank on two opposing sides with the proper shipping name of its contents. For example, when a solution of a metallic hypochlorite (Section 11.6) is transported in a portable tank, DOT requires the tank to be marked in the following manner:

HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION

6.5-V MARKING BULK PACKAGING CONTAINING CERTAIN HAZARDOUS MATERIALS FOR SHIPMENT BY HIGHWAY OR RAIL

When transporting a hazardous material in bulk packaging by highway or rail, DOT requires carriers at 49 C.F.R. §§ 172.332, 172.334, and 172.336 to identify the identifica- tIOn number of the hazardous material by displaying it on each side and each end of the

Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders

I

I I I I I I

I

203

u

Ii

Ii

TABLE 6.7 ·-•-&•-'de stabilized (less than 3% water) Acrolein, stabilized

Hydrogen cyani

Ammonia, anhydrous, liquefied Hydrogen fluoride

Ammonia solutions (more than 50% Hydrogen peroxide, ~queous solutions (greater than

ammonia) 1 0% hydrogen peroxide)

Bromine or Bromine solutions Hydrogen peroxide, stabilized

Bromine chloride Hydrogen peroxide and peroxyacetic acid mixtures

Chloroprene, stabilized Nitric acid (other than red fuming)

Dispersant gas or Refrigerant gas Phosphorus (amorphous) Ph sphorus white dry or Phosphorus, white, under -

Division 2. 1 materials wa~er or Ph~sphorus white, in solution, or Phosphorus, yellow dry or Phosphorus, yellow under water or Phosphorus, yellow in solution

Division 2.2 materials (DOT-107 tank- Phosphorus, white, molten

cars only) Division 2.3 materials

Potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate mixtures

Formic acid Potassium permanganate

Hydrocyanic acid, aqueous solutions Sulfur trioxide, stabilized

Sulfur trioxide, uninhibited

•49 C.F.R. §172.330(a)(ii).

bulk packaging across the centers of placards, white square-on-point diamonds, or orange panels as shown in (a), (b), and (c), respectively, of the following figure:

(a) (c)

When transporting gasoline, the FLAMMABLE placard is placed adjacent to both the orange panel and the white square-on-point diamond.

When carriers transport more than one hazardous material separately in compart- mented portable tanks, cargo tanks, or tankcars, DOT requires them to display identifica- tion numbers of the hazardous materials on the ends of the tank and on the sides in the same sequence as the compartments containing the materials they identify.

When shippers transport a bulk quantity of the hazardous materials listed in 7 in a tankcar by highway or railroad, DOT requires them to mark the key word from the appli- cable proper shipping name on each side of the tankcar.

6.5-W MARKING BULK PACKAGING DURING OR FOLLOWING THEIR FUMIGATION

When the lading in a railcar, freight container, truck body, or trailer has been fumigated or is undergoing fumigation, DOT requires the carrier at 49 C.F.R. § 173.9 to display the FUMIGANT marking shown in Figure 6.12 so it is observable when a person attempts to

204 Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders

DANGER

THIS UNIT IS UNDER FUMIGATION WITH FUMIOANTNAME APPLIED ON

DATE ______ _ TIME ______ _

VENTILATED ON DO NOT ENTER

FIGURE 6.12 A fumigant is a pesticide that is a vapor or gas, or forms a vapor or gas on application, and whose method of pesticidal action is through inhalation of the gaseous state. DOT regards a rail tankcar, freight container, truck body, or trailer in which lading has been fumigated, or is undergoing fumigation, as a package containing a hazardous material. DOT requires carriers at 49 C.F.R. §173 .9(c) to display this FUMIGANT marking in such a manner that it may be readily observed by a person attempting to inspect the lading. When a FUMIGANT marking is displayed, DOT requires carriers to include on the marking the name of the fumigant, the date and time of fumigation, and the date on which ventilation occurred . The printing may be either black or red on a white background.

enter it or otherwise comes in contact with the fumigated lading. DOT also requires the carrier to inscribe the technical name of the fumigant and the date and time of its applica- tion on the face of the marking.

6.6 DOT PLACARDING REQUIREMENTS DOT requires carriers at 49 C.F.R. §172.504 to display in plain view one or more warn- ing placards on each side and each end of the bulk packaging, freight container, unit load device, transport vehicle, or rail tankcar used to transport hazardous materials. These DOT placards are illustrated in Figure 6.13. The features of the individual placards are similar to those of the corresponding labels. Both are diamond-shaped and color-coded to signify a specific hazard class or division and may also include a pictograph.

The following points regarding the nature of DOT labels and placards are relevant:

Although there is a COMBUSTIBLE placard, there is not an analogous label. Furthermore, although there is an INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE label, there is not an analogous placard. The word GASOLINE may be used in lieu of the word FLAMMABLE on a placard that is displayed on a cargo tank or a portable tank used to transport gasoline by highway. The words FUEL OIL may be used in lieu of the word COMBUSTIBLE on a placard that is displayed on a cargo tank used to transport fuel oil that is not classed as a flammable liquid by highway. When solely transporting oxygen, carriers may display OXYGEN placards (Section 7.1 -F) in lieu of NON-FLAMMABLE GAS placards. There is not an analo- gous OXYGEN label. As with the EXPLOSIVE labels, the uppercase letters that follow the division designa- tions for the EXPLOSIVES placards are examples of the designations for the compat- ibility groups of explosives, whose nature is discussed in Section 15.4-B.

Although shippers and carriers are mutually responsible for the choice of the placards that are displayed on transport vehicles, the carriers typically bear the responsibility for post- mg them; i.e., shippers and carriers select the applicable placar~s by _referring to the codes listed in column 3 of the Hazardous Materials Table, and the earners display them as follows:

Carriers always display the applicable placards when transporting materials whose hazard classes are listed in Table 6.8, regardless of the amounts transported. For example, carriers display RADIOACTIVE placards on each side and each end of a motor van used to transport wooden boxes on which RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-III labels have been af- fixed , regardless of the amount of hazard-class-? material in the boxes.

fumigated lading A material in transit or intended for transpor- tation, such as grain, that has been treated with a fumigant to destroy rodents, insects, and germs

placard For purposes of DOT regulations, a sign displayed by the carrier on bulk packag- ing, freight containers, transport vehicles, unit containment devices, or railcars to rapidly com- municate hazard infor- mation relating to the hazardous material being transported

Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders 205

HAZARD CLASS 1

EXPLOSIVES 1.1 EXPLOSIVES 1.2 EXPLOSIVES 1.3 EXPLOSIVES 1.4 EXPLOSIVES 1 ·5 EXPLOSIVES 1.6 EXPLOSIVES SUBSIDIA~y

HAZARD CLASS 2 HAZARD CLASS 3 • • FLAMMABLE NON-FLAMMABLE POISON GAS FLAMMABLE COMBUSTIBLE

GAS GAS

HAZARD CLASS 4 HAZARD CLASS 5

FLAMMABLE SPONTANEOUSLY DANGEROUS OXIDIZER ORGANIC PEROXIDE SOLID COMBUSTIBLE WHEN WET

HAZARD CLASS 6

POISON INHALATION

HAZARD

POISON

HAZARD CLASS 7

RADIOACTIVE

HAZARD CLASS 8 HAZARD CLASS 9

CORROSIVE

CORROSIVE CLASS 9

FIGURE 6 _ 1 3 When carriers transport hazardous materials, DOT requires them to post warning placards on their bulk packaging. The placard at the far right in Hazard Class 1 is the EXPLOSIVES subsidiary placard. It is posted on bulk packaging when the number 1 is listed in column 6 of the Hazardous Materials Table as a subsidiary hazard. The asterisks in the orange EXPLOSIVES placards are replaced by the compatibil ity group (Section 15.4-B), or left blank if the explosive hazard is the subsidiary risk associated with the product.

Carriers display the applicable placards on the same transport vehicle when they transport a material whose hazard class is listed in Table 6.9 and when the aggregate gross mass of the hazardous materials in any one hazard class equals or exceed_s lOO! pounds (454 kg) . For example, carriers display FLAMMABLE placards on each side an each end of a rail boxcar used to transport steel drums containing acetonitrile, a flarnrna- ble liquid, only when their aggregate gross mass equals or exceeds 1001 pounds (454 kg)f

When carriers transport multiple hazardous materials including at least one 0h whose mass exceeds 1001 pounds (454 kg), they display the applicable placards for eac hazardous material on the transport vehicle. For example, when carriers transport rnore than 1001 pounds (454 kg) of acetonitrile with 500 pounds (227 kg) of sulfuric acid, a

206 Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders

TABLE 6.8 DOT Hazard Classes That Always Require Placardinga

HAZARD • R,AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

CLASS NUMBER DIVISION NUMBE

- 1.1 -1.2 1.3 -2.3 4.3 s.2 (Organic peroxide, Type B, liquid or solid, temperature- controlled) 6.1 (Inhalation hazard, Zone A or B)

7 (RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-Ill label only)b •49 c.F.R. §172.504, Table 1. bsection 16.10-B.

PLACARD NAME

EXPLOSIVES 1. 1 EXPLOSIVES 1.2

EXPLOSIVES 1.3

POISON GAS

DANGEROUS WHEN WET

ORGANIC PEROXIDE

POISON INHALATION HAZARD

RADIOACTIVE

corrosive material, DOT requires them to display both FLAMMABLE and CORROSIVE placards on each side and each end of the transport vehicle.

When carriers transport one or more hazardous materials in a placarded motor ve- hicle, DOT requires the operator of the vehicle to have been issued a commercial driver 's license with a hazardous materials endorsement, the standards of which are provided at 49 C.F.R. §383.121. These standards largely require that the driver know the hazardous materials regulations.

TABLE 6.9 DOT Hazard Classes That Require Placarding Only Under Certain Conditionsa

HAZARD CLASS NUMBER, DIVISION NUMBER, AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PLACARD NAME

1.4 EXPLOSIVES 1.4

1.5 EXPLOSIVES 1.5

1.6 EXPLOSIVES 1.6

2.1 FLAMMABLE GAS

2.2 NON-FLAMMABLE GAS

3 FLAMMABLE

Combustible liquid COMBUSTIBLE

4.1 FLAMMABLE SOLID 4.2 SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE

~-1 OXIDIZER 5.2 (other than organic peroxide, type B, liquid or solid, ORGANIC PEROXIDE ~ mperature-controlled)

1 (other than inhalation hazard, Zone A or Zone B) POISON

~ 2 (None) 8 CORROSIVE 9 CLASS 9 0RM-D (None) • 49 C.F.R. §172.504, Ta ble 2.

hazardous materials endorsement • For purposes of DOT regu- lations, a recognition by the U.S. Transportation Security Administration that an applicant has knowledge of the stan- dards published at 49 C.F.R. §383.121 and is unlikely to pose a secu- r ity risk when transport- ing hazardous materials in a placarded motor vehicle

Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders 207

I I

Identify the placard(s), if any, that DOT requires a carrier to display on a motor van used to transport six cyli of compressed fluorine gas, each of w hich weighs 2.5 pounds. nders

Solution: By referring to the entry in column 3 of Appen?ix C, we determin~ that the hazard class fo pressed fluorine is 2.3 . By referring to Table 6.8, we determine_ tha_t when a earner tra_nsports hazardousr corn. rial whose hazard class is 2.3, placarding of the t_ransport vehicle 1s always required, irrespective of the arnrnate. transported . Consequently, DOT requires the earner to display POISON GAS placards on each side and each0Unt of the transport vehicle. end

s

6.6-A PLACARDING REQUIREMENTS WHEN SHIPPING MULTIPLE PACKAGES OF MATERIALS WHOSE HAZARD CLASSES ARE LISTED SOLELY IN TABLE 6.9

When carriers transport multiple nonbulk packages containing materials requiring th posting of several placards listed in Table 6.9, DOT permits at 49 C.F.R. §172.504 the display of the DANGEROUS placard shown in the left margin in lieu of the separat: hazard class placards.

However, DOT prohibits the use of DANGEROUS placards when an aggregate gross mass equal to or exceeding 2205 pounds (1000 kg) of materials having a single hazard class listed in Table 6.9 is loaded at a single location. In this instance, carriers are obligated to display the applicable placards specified in Table 6.10 subject to the follow- ing conditions:

When the hazardous materials in Table 6.10 are transported by highway or rail, placards are not required when the transport vehicle or freight container contains less than 1001 pounds (454 kg) of a hazardous material listed in Table 6.9.

When the hazardous materials are transported in a railcar loaded with transport vehi- cles .or freight containers, none of which is required to be placarded, placards are not required.

DOT never allows carriers to display DANGEROUS placards in lieu of the required placards when they transport hazardous materials whose hazardous class or division is listed in Table 6.8; nor does DOT permit carriers to display UN/NA identification mun- bers across the center face of any posted DANGEROUS placard.

A carrier loads nonbulk containers of the following hazardous materials into a rail boxcar for delivery frornh chem ical warehouse to a customer's plant site: 1500 pounds (682 kg) of acetone, 500 pounds (227 kg) of et_~ mercaptan, 500 pounds (227 kg) of barium cyanide, and 1000 pounds (454 kg) of methyl isobutyl ketone. WhiC placards does DOT require the carrier to display on the boxcar?

. . cyanide, Solution: We note from Appendix C that the hazard class codes of acetone ethyl mercaptan, banurn •,15 • aten° and methyl isobutyl ketone are 3, 3, 6.1, and 3, respectively. The gross aggregate mass of the hazardous rn,arriers in hazard class 3 is 1500 pounds + 500 pounds + 1000 pounds, or 3000 pounds. Because DOT authorizes ggre· to display DANGEROUS placards on the boxcar in lieu of the separate hazard class placards only when the a hibits gate gross mass of the materials in any one hazard class does not exceed 2205 pounds (1000 kg), DOT proh side the carrier from displaying DAN GEROUS placards and requires the posting of FLAMMABLE placards on eacth 1ess and each end of the boxcar. The posting of POISON placards is not required since the boxcar is loaded wi than 1001 pounds (454 kg) of barium cyanide .

208 Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders

6,6-B PLACARDING FOR SUBSIDIARY HAZARDS

In rhe following thr

e~ ~ircumStances, DOT requires carriers to display warning placards to account for a subsidiary hazard in addition to displaying other required placards:

I When carri_ers transport a hazardous material whose subsidiary hazard is 2.3 or 6.1, DOT reqmres them at 49 C.F.R. §172.505 to display POISON GAS or POISON INHALATION HAZARD placards, as relevant on each side and each end of the transport vehicle, freight container, portable tank: unit load device or railcar used for transportation. This regulatory requirement applies to all hazardous materials that pose an inhalation hazard, regardless of their unique hazard zones.

1 When carriers transport a hazardous material whose subsidiary hazard is dangerous- when-wet, DOT requires them to display DANGEROUS WHEN WET placards on each side and each end of the transport vehicle, freight container, portable tank, unit load device, or railcar used for transportation.

1 When carriers transport 1001 lb (454 kg) or more of uranium hexafluoride (UF6), DOT requires them to display CORROSIVE and RADIOACTIVE placards on each side and each end of the transport vehicle, portable tank, or freight container used for transportation. This subject is noted again in Section 16.9-D.

When a hazardous material possesses subsidiary hazards, DOT requires carriers to display multiple placards to account for the subsidiary hazards. However, DOT prohib_its them from displaying the UN/NA identification number across the center face of a subsid-iary hazard placard.

6.6-C SPECIAL PLACARDING REQUIREMENTS WHEN HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ARE TRANSPORTED IN SEPARATE COMPARTMENTED PORTABLE TANKS, CARGO TANKS, OR TANKCARS

When carriers transport more than one hazardous _material in _separa~e compartme~ted portable tanks, cargo tanks, or tankcars, DOT ~eqm_res the earner to display the applica- ble placard on the ends of the tank and on the sides m t~e same sequence as the co~part- rnents containing the materials they identify. On the sides, the placards are posit10ned near the location of each compartment as shown in Figure 6.14.

· k · d to transport more than one hazardous material by FIGURE 6.14 When a multicompartment cargo tan is_ u:e lacard corresponding to each hazardous material highway, DOT requires it s carri er to position the appropna ~p nt. On the two ends, DOT requires the carrier to on the two sides near the location of each sepa rate comtpa mteaining the materials they identify. This three-Posit' h . the compartmen s con 1· .

ion t em in the same sequence as I ort gasoline an ethanol and gaso ine mixture, compartment cargo tank is placarded to simultaneou~ ~~r~;:~rd class 3. B~cause these hazardous materials have and denatured al cohol, each of which DOT designate ost only a single FLAMMABLE placard on each side and Only a single hazard class, DOT requires the ca mer to p f Transporta tion Washing ton, DC. ) each end of the vehicle . (Courtesy of the U.S. Department O ' •

----- DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders 209 Chapter 6 Use of the

r

210

6 .6-D SPECIAL PLACARDING REQUIREMENTS WHEN HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IN CERTAIN DIVISIONS ARE_ TRANSPORTED BY RAIL

. h d us materials in the followmg hazard classes by rail D When earners transport azar O l 1 d ' 01' . h

49 C FR §l72 510 to post the re evant p acar on a square hav·

requires t em at . • • · tng a white background and black border:

Division 1.1 explosive materials Division 1.2 explosive materials Division 2.3 poisonous gases, Zone A . . . . Division 6.1 poisonous materials, Zone A, to w~tch Packmg Gro~p I ts asst~ed Division 2.1 flammable gases when transp~r~e_d ma DOT-113 rail tankcar, tncluding tankcars containing only the residues of D1v1s10n 2.1 flammable gases. By requiring the posting of these placards on a whi~e square wit? a black border,

DOT directs a railcar-switching crew to exercise extraordmary precautwn to prevent the tankcar from being cut off while in motion. These five placards resemble the following:

i----/ ~ "-

6.7 RESPONDING TO INCIDENTS INVOLVING THE RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

When shippers and carriers have correctly complied with the DOT regulations, the UN/ NA identification number of a hazardous material can be readily located during an emergency-response action by any of the following means:

Listed on a shipping paper as a component of the shipping description of the hazard- ous material Marked on the packaging containing the hazardous material Displayed on bulk packaging within an orange panel or across the center area of a placard or a white square-on-point diamond Having located the UN/NA identification number, how may first-on-the-scene respond-

ers use it during an incident involving the release of a hazardous material? The answer to this question involves consulting the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG).1 This is a D_~T manual that primarily provides direction to emergency-response crews during the inittal phases of a response action. OSHA and EPA require training for emergency responders regarding ~e use of the ERG at 29 ~.F.R. §1910.120 and 40 C.F.R. Part 311, respective!\

The gwdebook serves as the pnmary reference book for first-on-the-scene personnel. directs them to a guide, which provides suggested actions that should be considered during rhe ~itial r~sp_onse ph~se of a transportation mishap. When properly implemented, each_ guit~ listed within the gwdebook provides emergency-response personnel with vital inforrnatton . h · · . 11 d 1 · h · 'd rial o"': to IIlltla . e~ wit ~n 1~c1 en~ involving the release of a unique hazardous mate M· until more specific informat10n 1s obtamed from the shipper, carrier, manufacturer, or CJ-IE!

1 ln the United States, the Emergency Response Guidebook is pr 'd d f f h and local sa fe[)' h

· · 1

· I ·i bl f . ov1 e ree o c arge to state AdJi11o- aut ont1es. t 1s a so ava1 a e rom private commercial compan ' th R h d S · I Programs" C · · d M . ies; e esearc an pec1a D 1stra t1on , Haza r ous atenals Transportation Bureau Us D f T · Washington, C 20590 h US G

. . , • . epartment o ransportation, 0 D ; t e . . overnment Prmtmg Office, Superintendent of D M •t SSOP Washingto ' ·

20 402 9328· d h Am . h . . • ocuments, at Stop , enc1es,

- , an t e encan C em1stry Councils Bookstore t (30l) 617 n!Tlenrag request ISBN 0-16-042938-2. a -7842. From gover

Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergenc R d y espon ers

TREC. Each guide provides information on the . I h) public safety comments for f t- dpote?nal hazards of the situation (fire and hea t , trs respon ers (mmal mstr t. · I h" d vacuation) and emergency respo di . . uc ions, protective cot mg, an e ' ' nse rect1ons (fire spill O I k d f · d) The Emergency Response Guidebook . . '. r ea , an irst at .

ts organized mto the following sections: YELLOW SECTION, is so called be · h 1

. · of the individual UN/NA idem· f . cause It as ye low-bordered pages. It provides a hsung . 1 icauon numbers and the hazardous materials having these numbers. A guide number that refers the user to the O

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1 Th· • range ectton 1s a so prov, e . is section has blue-bordered pages. It lists alphabetically

the names of the hazardous materials with their cor d. UN/NA "d "f· · L"k h y II S . respon mg I enu !Catton

numbers. 1 _ e t e e ow ectton, it provides a guide number that refers the user to the Orange Sectton.

P~GE Sl}CTION This section has orange-bordered pages. It contains 172 indiv1du_al gwde numb~rs, each of which constitutes a two-page summary of information concernmg the potential hazards of the referenced hazardous material recommended actions that relat~ to public safety, and _recommended emergency-respon;e actions to be implemented dunng a transportat10n mishap involving the material in question.

. I . 1:his section has green-bordered pages. It provides initial isola- tion ~nd _protecnve-act10n distances for small and large spills of hazardous materials that are highlighted m the yellow and blue sections. "Small spills" refer to the release of the contents from a smgle, small package (e.g., a small gas cylinder or a drum whose liquid capacity is 55 gallons [208 L] or less) or a small leak from a large package. "Large spills" consist of a spill from a large package (e.g., a rail tankcar, a highway tankcar or trailer, or a ton-container) or multiple spills from many small packages. An exception applies to the release of chemical warfare agents (Section 13.11 ), for which "small spills" include releases up to 4.4 pounds (2 kg) and "large spills" include releases up to 55 pounds (25 kg).

The Green Section also provides container-specific guidance for first-on-the-scene re- sponders relating to the release of the six most common toxic substances transported by rail or highway. The containers are rail tankcars; highway tank trucks or trailers; multiple ton cylinders; and multiple small cylinders or single ton cylinders. The toxic substances are chlo- rine, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide, and ethylene oxide.

The guidebook should always be accessible for immediate use within emergency- response vehicles, so that responding personnel may locate the appropriate guide number and implement the recommended actions. DOT also requires shippers and carriers to have emergency-response information available to workers during all phases of the trans- portation of a hazardous material. This requirement is often met by having available a copy of the Emergency Response Guidebook during hazardous material loading, unload- ing, and transfer operations.

Suppose that information is needed concerning the appropriate response action to be taken at a transportation incident involving an ini~ially unidentified hazardous material being transported by motor carrier on a crowded highway. On arnvmg at the scene, pe~- sonnel note that CORROSIVE placards are displayed on the exterior surface of the vehi- cle, adjacent to which are orange panels in which the number 1805 is inscribed. On securing the shipping paper from the driver, personnel also note that a number of items not regulated by DOT are components of the consignment as well as a hazardous material having the following shipping description:

UNITS

10 drums (UNlAl)

HM

X

SHIPPING DESCRIPTION (IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, PROPER SHIPPING NAME, PRIMARY HAZARD CLASS OR OIVISION, SUBSIDIARY HAZARD CLASS OR

DIVISION, AND PACKING GROUP)

UN1805, Phosphoric acid solution, 8, PG 111

WEIGHT (lb)

585

6 U f the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders 211 Chapter se o

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FIGURE 6.15 Gwde 154 from Emergency Response Guidebook (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, 20 7 2), pp. 246-247. (Counesy of the U.S. Department of Trans- portation, Washington, DC.)

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GUIDE SUBSTANCES • TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)

AND/OR CORROSIVE ERG2012

154

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y

,; ,.

., ' ,., HEALTH

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact Contact with molten substance may cause

with material may cause severe injury or death. severe burns to skin and eyes.

Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be dela Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/a Runoff from fire control or dilution water m

yed. rtoxic gases.

ay be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

FIRE OR ~ LOSIO!!J Non-combustible, substance itself does not and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combusti Contact with metals may evolve flammable

burn but may decompose upon heating to produce co rrosive

bles (wood, pa per, oil, clothing, el c.). hydrogen gas.

Containers may explode when heated. For UN3171 , if Lithium ion batteries are invol ved, also consult GUIDE 147.

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CALL EMERGENCY RESPONSE Telephone N available or no answer, refer to appropriate

umber on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Peper not telephone number listed on the inside back cover. late spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters

As an immediate precauti onary measure, iso (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (7 5 feet) lor solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.

PROT! CTIVE CLOTHING Wear positive pressure self-conta ined breat Wear chemical protective clothing that is spe

hing apparatus (SCBAI. cifica lly recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide

little or no thermal protection. Structural fi refighters' protective clothing pro effective is spill situations where direct conta

vides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not ct with the substance is possible.

EVACUATION Spill

See Table 1 • Initia l Isolation and Protective A highlighted materia ls, increase, in the downwi

ction Distances fo r highlighted materials. For non· nd direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown

under "PUBLIC SAFETY". Fire

lf tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fir consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2

e, ISO LATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all direclions: also, mile) in all directions.

The orange panel and shipping descri pt the hazardous material as UN1805 . T

ion provide the UN/NA identification number of he shipping description also provides the precise ed within the drums: phosphoric acid solution._ ook, the number 1805 directs the reader to Guide

name of the hazardous material contain In the Emergency Response Guideb

154, which is reproduced in Figure 6.15. This guide number provides general informatio_n ant, it notes that the hazardous material is toxic Responders may then dismiss any concern as to

concerning this substance. Most import and/or corrosive, but noncombustible. whether the substance may ignite.

212 Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulation s by Emergency Responders

ERG2012 SUBSTANCES • TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON•COMBUSTIBLEI

GUIDE 154

FIR.E Small Fire , Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. Large Fire

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• Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. • Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. • Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads

fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire .

SPILL 01) LEAK ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non•combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

FIRST AID Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method ii victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give anificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped w~h a one-wey valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the matarial(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

SOLVED EXERCISE 6.6

When a firefighting team arrives at the scene of a highway transportation mishap, they encounter an overturned moior van bearing POISON INHALATION HAZARD placards on its visible sides and ends. On cautiously examining the van's interior from a distance they also observe broken boxes to w hich POISON INHALATION HAZARD labels :~affixed. The boxes are marked "N ickel carbonyl, UN1259," "INHALATION HAZARD, ZONE A/ and " MARINE

LLUTANT." Punctured cylinders of the hazardous material are scattered outside their protective boxes, and

Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders 213

. r of the van. securing the shipping paper from the d . . . . t h ve spilled on the underlying fl~o . description of this consignment as follows: river,

their l1qu1d conten s a I t ortion of the shipping the team captain notes the re evan P

PING DESCRIPTION SHIP PROPER SHIPPING NAME, (IDENTIFICATION NU~::oR DIVISION, SUBSIDIARY WEIGHT

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- ~~'.__J ~ ~ -:-:-~P~R~IM~A~R~Y~H~AZA;~RD~C~IV;IS~IO~N0A~NilD( PP<A;C;K;;;IN~G~G;;jR:;;O;j;UrtP~);;;--t ~(lb) HAZARD CLASS OR D • UNITS HM I 6 1 (3) PG I (Poison - Inhalation 8 uN 1259 Nickel carbonY, · • • ) X Hazard.'zone A) (Marine Pollutant Eight steel cylinders over• packed within wooden boxes (UN4C)

. ed b these first-on-the-scene responders? What precautionary actions should be implement y . . . . . . . r marking, and placarding 1nformat1on, the team memb Solution: From the sh1pp1ng description, lab~;n~: 'd Because the liquid is not confined within its containers learn that nickel carbonyl is a toxic and ~a~::n ~nd fire. To protect public health and the environm:~· its vapor poses a pronounced nskffofhin a a d·rect the public from the scene, and prevent entrance of the liqu·d' they should 1mmed1ately cordon o t e area, 1 . h' t · I 8 d

1 . E th h the total quantity of this nonbulk s 1pmen 1s on Y poun s, emergency. into a waterway or sewer. ven oug . f · d b th '

I h Id don total enc apsulating suits with sel -conta1ne rea 1ng apparatus. Only then

response personne s ou · . should they remove the intact boxes from the van and set them aside . For more specific guidance in responding to this incident, CHEMTR_EC should be contacted. _The team mem- bers should also consult the Emergency Response Guidebook for immediate ass1st~nce. The ident1f1cat1on number 1259 refers the responders to Guide 131 . Here, personnel are_ provided With d_irections s_uch as absorbing the spilled liquid and eliminating all potential sources of ignition. Guide 131 also provides first-aid information to help the responders who experience ill effects from inadvertent exposure to nickel carbonyl vapor. - 6.8 REPORTING THE RELEASE OF

A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE At 40 C.F.R. §302.6, EPA uses the legal authority of CERCLA to require persons in charge of facilities (including transport vehicles) to notify the National Response Center (NRC) (Section 1.13) when a hazardous substance has been released into the environment in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity within a 24-hour period. At 40 C.F.R. §110.3, EPA uses the legal authority of FWPPCA to require persons in charge of facilities to notify the NRC when oil is released into a waterway or when the release of oil may affect the quality of a waterway based on use of the following criteria:

The discharge causes a sheen or discoloration on the surface of a body of water. The discharge violates applicable water-quality standards, and The discharge causes a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface of the water or on adjoining shorelines

Notice to the NRC is also required when oil is released into a waterway or when the release of oil may affect the quality of a waterway.

In addition, DOT requires at 49 C.F.R. §171.15 that notice be given to the NRC whenever any of the following circumstances result:

In connection with the release of one or more hazardous materials, at least one of the following 1s true:

A person is killed. A person receives injuries requiring admittance to a hospital.

ns Y mergency Responders 214 Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulatio b E

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The general public is evacuated for 1 hou . r or more. A ma1or tr~nsport~tion artery or facility is closed or shut down for 1 hour or more. The operationa_l flight pattern or routine of aircraft is altered.

F~re, breakage, spil_lage, or suspected radioactive contamination occurs . Fire, breaka_ge, spillage, or suspected contamination involving an infectious sub- stance (Section l0.21-A) occurs. (Notice of the release of an infectious substance may be rep?rted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Public Healt~ Service, Atlanta, Georgia, at (800) 232-0124 in lieu of notice to the NRC.) A marme pollutant is released in a quantity exceeding 119 gallons (450 L) for a liquid or 882 pounds (400 kg) for a solid. Even when these criteria are not met, the transportation mishap is so severe that in the Judgment of the carrier, it should be reported nonetheless. '

The notice provided to the NRC includes the following: The name of the reporter The name and address of the person represented by the reporter The telephone number where the reporter can be contacted The date, time, and location of the release incident The class or division, proper shipping name, and quantity of the hazardous material involved in the release, if such information is available The type of incident and nature of the hazardous material involvement and whether a continuing danger to life exists at the scene

As previously noted in Section 1.13, the NRC can initially be contacted by telephone at (800) 424-8802 or, in the District of Columbia, at (202) 426-2675. EPA and DOT require the submission of a follow-up written report to the following person:

Director, Office of Hazardous Materials Regulations Materials Transportation Bureau Department of Transportation Washington, DC 20590

The informational requirements of the follow-up report are published at at 49 C.F.R. §171.16.

6.9 TRANSPORTATION SECURITY PLANS At 49 C.F.R. Part 172, Subpart I, DOT requires carriers to develop and implement a trans- portation security plan when they intend to transport in commerce the specific hazardous materials listed in Table 6.10 in quantities that exceed the published values. This requirement is applicable to carriers who transport the hazardous materials in a motor vehicle, freight container, or railcar. Its purpose is to assess security risks during the transit of hazardous materials to deter terrorists and other illegal acts involving them. A copy of the plan must be made available to the DOT or the Department of Homeland Security upon their request.

At 40 C.F.R. § 172.802, DOT requires carriers to address the following matters in their transportation security plans:

Personnel Security. Measures confirming information provided by each job appli- cant hired for a position that involves access to and handling of the hazardous materials covered by the security plan. This information includes the applicant's references, employ- ment history, and immigration status.

Unauthorized Access. Measures addressing the assessed risk that unauthorized per- sons may gain from access to the hazardous materials covered by the security plan or trans- pore conveyances being prepared to transport them. Such measures include identification

transportation security plan For purposes of DOT regulations, a doc- ument that addresses personnel security, unauthorized access, and enroute security of the hazardous materials identified at 49 C.F.R. § 172.800 in amounts equal to or exceeding threshold values

Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders 215

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HAZARDOUS MATERIAL QUANTITY

Division 1. 1, 1 .2, or 1 .3 materials Any quantity

Division 1 .4, 1 .5, or 1 .6 materials A quantity requiring placarding Division 2. 1 materials 792 gal (3000 L) in a bulk cont . _______ ...:_ _____ ________________ ---"1"::~ - -:-==-=--:-~--........::.:::_: aIner Division 2.2 materials with a subsidiary hazard of 5.1 792 gal (3000 L) in a bulk cont · _______ ...:_..:..:...:.:..:.....:--=-:=.:.:..:~.:..:=::.:..::....:::..:....:::.:..:.... ___________ i-------:-----........:::.:::..:. aIner Materials that pose an inhalation health hazard Any quantity

Class 3 materials in a packaging meeting the criteria for Packing Group I or 11 792 gal (3000 L)

Class 3 and Division 4. 1 materials containing desensitized explosives A quantity requiring placarding

Division 4.2 materials meeting the criteria of Packing Groups I or II 6614 lb (3000 kg) for solids or 792 (3000 L) for liquids in a bulk conta~al

------------------------------+-----------.::..:= in,er Division 4.3 materials meeting the criteria of Packing Groups I or II A quantity requiring placarding

Division 5. 1 materials in packaging meeting the criteria of Packing Groups I or II; metallic perchlorates; ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate fertilizers, or ammonium nitrate emulsions, suspensions, or gels

6614 lb (3000 kg) for solids or 792 gal (3000 L) for liquids

Temperature-controlled organic peroxides, type B, liquid or solid (Section 13.9-A) Any quantity

Division 6. 1 materials other than those that pose an inhalation health hazard 6614 lb (3000 kg) for solids or 792 gal (3000 L) for liquids in a bulk container

A select agent or toxin regulated by the Centers for Disease Control and Preven- tion (Section 10.20-A)

Uranium hexafluoride A quantity requiring placarding

•Highway route-controlled quantity" (Section 16. 10-G) of a class 7 hazardous material Class 8 materials meeting the criteria for Packing Group I 792 gal (3000 L) in a bulk container

a49 C.F.R. §172.800.

hazardous materials safety permit • For purposes of DOT regu- lations, a document issued by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration that confers authority upon motor carriers to trans- port in commerce the hazardous materials identified at 49 C.F.R. §385.403 in amounts equal to or exceeding threshold values

of the measures to be taken that prevent unauthorized persons from gaining acces~ to shipment when it is stopped. These measures aim to prevent tampering or other il)ega activity by securing closures of containers and locking them inside their transport vehicles.

Enroute Security. Measures addressing the assessed security risk of shipping ~he haz· ardous materials covered by the security plan from origin to destination, including shipmen~ stored incidental to their movement. Such measures include identification of the preferre 1 and alternate route plans that the carrier anticipates using during transit and an asse::e; of how the selected route favors other routes. They also include, when warranted, rest porting of suspicious incidents or events to local law enforcement officials and the ne~el- FBI field office and the contacting of local fire department and emergency-rescue perso

6.10 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY PERMITS JoUS . hazar At 49 C.F.R. §385.400, DOT requires motor carriers that transport certain ardous

· I · h" · · d · ·n a hat e matena s wit m interstate or mtrastate commerce to obtain an mamtai . to bat materials safety permit. To obtain this permit, DOT requires the motor carne! r safetl' achie~e_d a "~atisfactory" safety rating is~ued e_ither by the Federal _Mot~r ~a:~1~Jace of Adm1mstrat1on (FMCSA) or the state m which the carrier has its pnncip

216 Chapter 6 use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders

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TABLE 6.10 Hazardous Materials and Their Quantities Whose Transportation in Commerce Requires DOT's Acceptance of a Transportation Security Plana

HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials Division 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6 materials Division 2.1 materials Division 2.2 materials with a subsidiary hazard of 5.1 Materials that pose an inhalation health hazard Class 3 materials in a packaging meeting the criteria for Packing Group I or 11 Class 3 and Division 4.1 materials containing desensitized explosives

Division 4.2 materials meeting the criteria of Packing Groups I or II

Division 4.3 materials meeting the criteria of Packing Groups I or II Division 5.1 materials in packaging meeting the criteria of Packing Groups I or 11; metallic perchlorates; ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate fertilizers, or ammonium nitrate emulsions, suspensions, or gels Temperature-controlled organic peroxides, type B, liquid or solid (Section 13.9-A) Division 6. 1 materials other than those that pose an inhalation health hazard

A select agent or toxin regulated by the Centers for Disease Control and Preven- tion (Section 10.20-A)

Uranium hexafluoride •Highway route-controlled quantity" (Section 16.10-G) of a class 7 hazardous material Class 8 materials meeting the criteria for Packing Group I

•49 C.F.R. § 172.800.

QUANTITY

Any quantity A quantity requiring placarding

792 gal (3000 L) in a bulk container

792 gal (3000 L) in a bulk container Any quantity 792 gal (3000 L)

A quantity requiring placarding

6614 lb (3000 kg) for solids or 792 gal (3000 L) for liquids in a bulk container A quantity requiring placarding

6614 lb (3000 kg) for solids or 792 gal (3000 L) for liquids

Any quantity 6614 lb (3000 kg) for solids or 792 gal (3000 L) for liquids in a bulk container

A quantity requiring placarding

792 gal (3000 L) in a bulk container

of the measures to be taken that prevent unauthorized persons from gaining access to a shipment when it is stopped. These measures aim to prevent tampering or other illegal activity by securing closures of containers and locking them inside their transport vehicles.

Enroute Security, Measures addressing the assessed security risk of shipping the haz- ardous materials covered by the security plan from origin to destination, including shipments stored incidental to their movement. Such measures include identification of the preferred and alternate route plans that the carrier anticipates using during transit and an assessment of how the selected route favors other routes. They also include, when warranted, the re- porting of suspicious incidents or events to local law enforcement officials and the neare~r FBI field office and the contacting of local fire department and emergency-rescue personne ·

hazardous materials safety permit • For purposes of DOT regu- lations, a document issued by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration that confersauthorityupon 6.10 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY PERMITS motor carriers to trans- d s port in commerce the At 49_ C.F.~. ~3~5.400, DOT_ requires motor carriers that transport cer_tain haz:~~~s hazardous materials maten_als w1thm mters.tate or mtr_astat_e comm_ erce to obtain and maintam a ~az:

0 have

identified at 49 C.F.R. I f t t -r b h er t matena s sa e y perm, . 10 o tam t 1s permit, DOT requires the motor earn . Safet)' §385 403 in amounts h d " • f ,, f • • d . C r1er equa·I to or exceeding ac ieve a sat1s actory sa ety ratmg 1s_sue either by the Federal Motor . ar Jace 0/ threshold values Administration (FM CSA) or the state m which the carrier has its principal P

216 Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders

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TABLE 6.11 Hazardous Materials and Their Quantities Whose Transportation in Commerce by Motor Carrier Requires DOT's Issuance of a Hazardous Materials Safety Permita

HAZARDOUS MATERIAL QUANTITY Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials More than 55 lb (25 kg)

Division 1.5 materials A quantity requiring placarding

compressed or liquefied natural gas, or other liquefied gas with a 3500 gal (13,248 L) in bulk packaging methane concentration of at least 85% in bulk packaging (Section 12.5) Materials that pose an inhalation health hazard and that meet the cri- 1.08 qt (1 L) per package teria for Zone A (Section 10. 7) Materials that pose an inhalation health hazard and that meet the cri- teria for Zone B (Section 10.7)

119 gal (450 L) in bulk packaging

Materials that pose an inhalation health hazard and that meet the cri- teria for Zones C or D (Section 10.7)

3500 gal (13,248 L)

Class 7 hazardous materials Highway route-controlled quantity (Section 16.10-G)

•49 C.F.R. §385.403.

business. DOT further requires the motor carrier to certify that its security program com- plies with requirements published at 49 C.F.R. §385.407. In addition, DOT requires motor carriers to keep a copy of the permit or other document showing the permit number within the vehicle and provide it to federal, state, or local authorities upon their request.

The issuance of a hazardous materials safety permit confers authority on the motor carrier to transport in commerce the hazardous materials denoted in Table 6.11 in amounts exceeding the listed threshold values. It also requires the carrier to prepare and implement a transportation security plan that complies with the requirements noted in Section 6.9 and ensures the security of the selected route plan.

Chapter 6 Use of the DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations by Emergency Responders 217

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