case study with 6 questions + APA citation.

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Casestudy.docx

Angela was a 24-year-old female felt swollen, weak, and fatigued for several months. She suddenly noticed her urine had a red-brown discoloration and was low in volume. She went to the emergency room of a nearby hospital and the following data were obtained upon examination and testing:

Hematology:

Serum sodium

124 mEq/L

Serum potassium

6 mEq/L

Serum creatinine

2.5 mg/dL

BUN

24.0 mg/dL

pH (arterial)

7.31

Hematocrit

25%

Urinalysis:

Appearance

Red to brown

Specific gravity

1.025

Blood

Positive

Glucose

Negative

Protein

Mild

Renal Function Tests:

GFR (glomerular filtration rate)

40 mL/min

RBF (renal blood flow)

280 mL/min

Q1: A: What was Angela's disorder?

B: What could cause this disorder?

Q2: Define hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. ?

Q3: What is the cause of the hyponatremia and hyperkalemia? 

Q4: Why is there blood in Angela’s urine? 

Q5: How do Angela’s renal function tests compare to normal? 

Q6: What caused the swollen feeling?