case study with 6 questions + APA citation.
Angela was a 24-year-old female felt swollen, weak, and fatigued for several months. She suddenly noticed her urine had a red-brown discoloration and was low in volume. She went to the emergency room of a nearby hospital and the following data were obtained upon examination and testing:
Hematology:
|
Serum sodium |
124 mEq/L |
|
Serum potassium |
6 mEq/L |
|
Serum creatinine |
2.5 mg/dL |
|
BUN |
24.0 mg/dL |
|
pH (arterial) |
7.31 |
|
Hematocrit |
25% |
Urinalysis:
|
Appearance |
Red to brown |
|
Specific gravity |
1.025 |
|
Blood |
Positive |
|
Glucose |
Negative |
|
Protein |
Mild |
Renal Function Tests:
|
GFR (glomerular filtration rate) |
40 mL/min |
|
RBF (renal blood flow) |
280 mL/min |
|
|
|
Q1: A: What was Angela's disorder?
B: What could cause this disorder?
Q2: Define hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. ?
Q3: What is the cause of the hyponatremia and hyperkalemia?
Q4: Why is there blood in Angela’s urine?
Q5: How do Angela’s renal function tests compare to normal?
Q6: What caused the swollen feeling?