Write a 2–4-page executive summary to accompany the PowerPoint presentation that provides additional context to the results of data analysis.
Dathas87
CapellaUniversityPresentingStatisticalResultsforDecisionMaking.pptxPresenting Statistical Results for Decision Making
Dennis Athas
June 2021
Data Analytics in Health Care Decisions
1
Introduction
Hospital Acquired Conditions (HAC) are those conditions which develop after spending some time for inpatient care, these conditions are not present at the time of admission. For example the patient is in the hospital for dehydration and develops a pressure ulcer due to the staff not helping the patient get out of bed.
2
Data Background
Often, we have seen hospitals levying their patients to get unnecessary reports or medicines to increase their medicals bills and to increase the revenues and profits earnings of the healthcare organization. This has led to a deterioration in the treatment provided to the patients. This helps in the improvement in the quality of the treatment as well as medical services given to the patients. Such models should be accepted by more healthcare institutions to reuse the exploitation of the patients by some medical organizations and to improve the workings of the overall healthcare sector as an industry in society. There are four variables in the data set. Please see the notes section.
1) Number of hospital-acquired conditions (HAC) per 1,000 discharges; measures extent of hospital errors.
2) Number of nursing staff hours per patient day (HPPD); measures nurse staffing level
3) Percentage of nursing staff hours provided by Registered Nurses (RN); measures skill mix of nursing staff
4) Number of inpatient days per hospital discharge; measures hospital efficiency
3
Correlation
The statistical measure that describes the size and direction of a relationship between two or more variables, is called Correlation. Correlation between variables does not specify that change in one variable causes changes in the other variable.
The correlation between HAC Rate, Nursing HPPD, Skill Mix and ALOS is given in the table:
From the correlation table, we see that the HAC Rate is negatively correlated between Nursing HPPD and Skill Mix but positively correlated with ALOS. Negative correlated means if we increase the independent variable then the dependent variable will decrease. Positive correlated means if we increase the independent variable then the dependent variable will increase.
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Descriptive Statistics
| HAC Rate | Nursing HPPD | Skill Mix | ALOS | |
| Mean | 117.1579 | 3.9432 | 59.9299 | 6.6695 |
| Standard Error | 0.5020 | 0.1009 | 0.0997 | 0.1387 |
| Median | 118 | 4.006 | 59.99 | 6.682 |
| Mode | 119 | 4.006 | 60.26 | 5.812 |
| Standard Deviation | 4.8931 | 0.9837 | 0.9715 | 1.3519 |
| Sample Variance | 23.9429 | 0.9677 | 0.9438 | 1.8277 |
| Kurtosis | -0.3056 | 0.0648 | -0.1368 | -0.4910 |
| Skewness | -0.5678 | -0.0051 | 0.2679 | 0.0347 |
| Range | 20 | 5.091 | 4.46 | 5.611 |
| Minimum | 106 | 1.628 | 58.07 | 4.017 |
| Maximum | 126 | 6.719 | 62.53 | 9.628 |
| Sum | 11130 | 374.602 | 5693.34 | 633.602 |
| Count | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 |
| Confidence Level(95.0%) | 0.9968 | 0.2004 | 0.1979 | 0.2754 |
Statistics that measure and describe characteristics of groups without drawing inferences about the population in general know descriptive statistics.
Descriptive statistics are used to describe the basic features of the data in a study. They provide simple summaries about the sample and the measures. The mean value of the HAC Rate is 117.1579 the Nursing HPPD is 3.9432 Skill Mix is 59.9299 and the mean value of ALOS is 6.6695.
The entire data summary is shown in the above table.
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Histogram HAC Rates
| Bin | Frequency |
| 106 | 2 |
| 108 | 5 |
| 110 | 5 |
| 113 | 6 |
| 115 | 7 |
| 117 | 14 |
| 119 | 22 |
| 122 | 18 |
| 124 | 10 |
| More | 6 |
Together with descriptive statistics and simple graphics analysis, we can make an logical conclusion from the data. the Histogram of HAC Rates shows that most of HAC Rates are in between 117 to 124. and obviously, the data is appears to be skewering to the left.
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Histogram of HAC Rate
Frequency 106 108.2222222 110.4444444 112.6666667 114.8888889 117.1111111 119.3333333 121.5555556 123.7777778 More 2 5 5 6 7 14 22 18 10 6Bin
Frequency
Regression
One of the most usual applications of Statistics is describing a set of data using regression. Given a set of data, for instance, the data in comparison among attributes of HAC.
To predict the HAC Rate based on Nursing HPPD and Skill Mix the regression model is:
HAC Rate = -4.164 * Nursing HPPD + 0.412 * Skill Mix + 108.913
For this model the R square is 0.637 which indicates that there is a 63.7% variance for a dependent variable that's explained by an independent variable in a regression model.
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Dependent Variable: ALOS
To predict the ALOS based on HAC Rate the regression model is:
ALOS = -6.834 + 0.1153 HAC Rate
For this model the R square is 0.174 which indicates that there is a 17.6% variance for a dependent variable that's explained by an independent variable in a regression model.
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Conclusion
The HAC Rate is highly correlated (negative) with Nursing HPPD
The average HAC Rate is 117.1579
The data for HAC Rate is skewed to the left
Most of the HAC Rate is between 117 to 124
63.7% variance for a dependent variable that's explained by an independent variable
To predict HAC Rate based on Nursing HPPD and Skill Mix the regression model is:
HAC Rate = -4.164 * Nursing HPPD + 0.412 * Skill Mix + 108.913
9
References
Reid, H. (2013, August). Introduction to Statistics. SAGE Publication.
Buchbinder, S. & Shanks, N. (2012). Introduction to health care management, 2nd ed. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
HAC_RateNursing_HPPDSkill_MixALOS
HAC_Rate1
Nursing_HPPD-0.7994001021
Skill_Mix-0.3048084290.46171781
ALOS0.417162987-0.312434971-0.1333761691
