English discussion

Discussion 1: Describe the young Candide and his upbringing. How does this portrayal set up the author’s focus of satire?

Part 1 Study Questions

Chapter 3

1. Two major themes of Candide are presented in chapter 3. How are the theme of evil, in the form of war, and the theme of religion developed here?

Chapter 8

2. What insight into the character of Cunegonde does this chapter provide?

Chapter 11

3. The old woman’s commentary serves various purposes. How does it:

a. highlight the worldly-wise, unflappable character of the old woman?

b. illustrate the universality of evil and emphasize the author’s sarcasm?

c. bring you down to earth.

Chapter 14-15

4. Voltaire focuses on the Jesuit order as he continues jabbing away at religion. How are the Jesuits described, and explain the nature of Voltaire’s critical portrayal.

Chapter 18

5. What are the chief characteristics of Eldorado? The meaning of Candide and Cacambo’s decision to leave Eldorado can be seen as a rejection by Voltaire of the very idea of “utopia,” or a “perfect” state. Is Voltaire saying that utopias are worthwhile to think about, but impossible to achieve? Is he saying that maybe utopias are even undesirable?

Discussion 2: Part of Voltaire’s gift for satire and comedy is that he writes literally about one thing but clearly implies another. Find an example of this and explain what is really going on.