Research Paper, Business course

Introduction

Eating for mental prosperity may appear to be an abnormal thought, yet science has exhibited that understudies' good dieting regimen can expect an important activity not just in prosperity, yet rather in cerebrum limit and balancing activity of a fundamental recognition issue.

Eating well nourishments can enable understudies to create psychological capacity, including memory, basic leadership expertise, mental reaction, and demeanor. Intellectual prowess nourishments cover cancer prevention agents and different supplements that shield the cerebrum. They additionally offer fundamental unsaturated fats that catalyze and end up more grounded mind cells. understudies can propel their scholarly execution by changing their dietary patterns to incorporate solid snacks in their everyday schedules. Eating a sound sustenance and being physically dynamic can adjust understudies' dynamism levels for ideal mindfulness, increment consideration and enhance their general scholarly execution. Eating a sound nourishment and being physically dynamic can adjust understudies' dynamism levels for ideal mindfulness, increment consideration and enhance their general scholastic execution.

Review of literature:

1) In the article Nutrition and Its Effects on Academic Performance, performed by Amy Ross, (July 28, 2010). The motivation behind this paper was to audit existing writing about past research that featured examinations concerning nourishment and its relationship to cerebrum work, discernment, learning, and social practices. Studies have demonstrated that appropriate nourishment directly affects understudy execution and conduct in school. A significant part of the writing affirmed that nourishment directly affects synapses which are critical in sending messages from the body to the mind. At last, suggestions are investigated and given for ways schools can help enhance the sustenance of their nourishment programs, along these lines finding a way to guarantee understudies are given the vitality required for ordinary psychological improvement and social abilities.

2) In the article Nutrition and Academic Performance in School-Age Children the Relation to Obesity and Food Insufficiency, performed by Rita Rausch, (February 01, 2013). This paper dissects different articles that exhibit the impacts of poor nourishment on school-age kids. The examination demonstrates that having a solid, adjusted eating routine enhances mind limit, amplifies subjective abilities, and enhances scholastic execution in school-age kids. On the other hand, the examination likewise demonstrates that having excessively lousy nourishment and an undesirable eating regimen diminishes scholastic execution by restricting the measure of data to the mind. This examination shows the need to help youngsters in keeping up a nutritious way of life. Financial status has been appeared to impact a kid scholastically, and this paper demonstrates that originating from a poorer neighborhood ought not diminish that kid's odds of being a balanced, sound understudy.

3) In the article Psychosocial and Environmental Determinants of Eating Behaviors, Physical Activity, and Weight Change Among College Students Lacaille, L. J., Dauner, K. N., Krambeer, R. J., and Pedersen, J. (2011), the goal of this article was to recognize factors that understudies apparent as adding to sound and unfortunate eating designs, physical movement levels, and weight change. The creators utilized a Qualitative Analysis technique to get and examine information. Six center gatherings (3 with every sexual orientation) were directed, and information were dissected utilizing subjective programming to code and sort topics and after that diminish these to bunches as indicated by ordinarily honed techniques for subjective investigation. The aftereffect of this examination was Eating and PA practices give off an impression of being dictated by an intricate interchange among inspirations and self-administrative abilities and in addition the one of a kind social and physical condition involving school life. Also, there have all the earmarks of being sex contrasts in how these determinants affect conduct.

4) In the article The Consequences of Students' Eating Behaviors and Food Perception on Their Nutritional Status and Academic Achievement, that was performed by Teves, K. L., and Narciso, J. F. (2017). The reason for this examination is to decide the results of eating practices and nourishment observation on understudies' scholarly execution. The examination pursued the enlightening exploration configuration utilizing a self-organized poll subjected to legitimacy and dependability tests before directing to understudy respondents. Understudies 'eating conduct in this investigation rotates around ordinary young unfortunate selection of nourishments like lousy nourishments, bread, cakes, confections and sodas which are for the most part impacted by their associates, regardless of whether they knew well the significance of smart dieting and estimation of good nutrition. When all is said in done, the respondents incline toward nutrition in light of fixings, taste and nourishing worth. They are scholastically normal and in ordinary healthful status and among different components, just their folks' pay can altogether influence their eating conduct. Since their eating conduct can altogether influence their wholesome status, yet not their scholarly execution, it is still suggested that guardians, school heads and educators ought to continually help them the incentive to remember smart dieting.

5) The article that is reviewed was written by Howard Taras (2009) which has a subject of “Nutrition and Students performance at School”. The objective of the written article is to evaluate past studies that focused on children nutrition and how it affects their performance in schools. As it is mentioned, the author's methodology was to review the scope of work and the results of each the past studies, and use these results to be compared in order to come up with new result that suits the current situation. According to Howard (2009) “Articles are separated into 4 categories: food insufficiency, iron deficiency and supplementation, deficiency and supplementation of micronutrients, and the importance of breakfast”. The results of the study show that children that suffer from reduced iron in their body that causes anemia faces academic problems. The study also found that those children can be improved if they exposed to iron therapy, where the past studies has shown that there is no such improvement for children the they have since or iodine deficiency. Moreover, it has been proved in this study that vitamins and minerals do not cause the children to success in their schools. The results also indicated that food insufficiency is one of the main reasons that impact children performance in learning. The past studies tell that breakfast in schools leads to increase the rate of children come to schools as well as it leads to decrease the number of children that comes to school late, where these breakfast programs or sessions make the student successful in their schools.

6) The study that was done by Tzu-Hsing Wen, Wei-Ling Tchong, and Gregory S. Ching (2015) deals with the subject “A Study on the Relationship between College Students’ Personality and Their Eating Habits”. The ultimate goal of the study is to examine how eating habits would affect the college students, as well as how the student's health could play an important role in their personalities. Moreover, the research aims to answer the main questions which are concerning about the common eating habits, factors affect the eating habits and weather eating habits has a relationship with the student’s personalities or not. Furthermore, the authors have used the quantitative approach, where they have performed the study on 207 students from a university that is located in Taiwan. The authors have prepared a questionnaire, where they have distributed in students from different ages, genders, major as well as their level in the university. Big five personality scale has also been used in order to examine the factors that impact the students’ eating habits. The result of the study indicates that the factors such as age, gender, major and the year level impact the students' eating habits. Further, the authors have found that the students who are majoring in Applied Foreign Language have gotten the highest scores on the personality trait openness. The study concluded that more researchers and studies can be done on students, so that the scientists can come up with the best results on the relationship between students and their eating habits.

7) In the article Student Nutrition and Academic Achievement, performed by Lindsey M. Dodsworth, (April 2010). Appropriate nutrition that involves dietary guidelines in the United States is the most important to cognition and behavior, the emotional and physical performance of students. The choice of food and drink that makes by the student is related to what they like and what find there. The performance of students will be better in participation, behavior, attendance and how to do their job when eating the food and drink healthy for the body, more than the student does not eat well. Today's youth will be active members of the community in the future, so providing them with the right education and skills to succeed is a crucial role teacher must take advantage of. However, often when having bad nutrition, it will be difficult for a student to providing the tools they need and skills of success.

8) In the article Assessment of dietary trends and its impact on academic performance among young adult medical students of a tertiary care teaching hospital, it performed by Rajeshwari Arasegowda, N. Asha Rani, Pramit Mukherjee and Aliya Nusrath, (2016). An important environmental factor is nutrition, which affects academic performance and cognitive neurodevelopment. An important environmental factor is nutrition, which affects academic performance and cognitive neurodevelopment. This article has to check the nutrition attitude among university student and evaluate how that influence their academic performance. The college of Medicine conducted a study on 289 students of both gender and their ages between 17 and 25 years. Using the questionnaire, information was collected on the demographic profile, dietary habits, and academic performance. Fast food is a serious factor if it is within daily consumption. Healthy eating among medical students should be promoted by educational institutions.

Research Objectives:

1- The impact of healthy eating on student’s performance.

2- The relationship between healthy eating habits and student’s performance.

Research Questions:

1- How does healthy eating habits influence student’s performance?

2- What is the relationship between healthy eating habits and student’s performance?

Methodology:

Types of Data Used

The researchers used two types of data in the research, primary and secondary data, they used the strategy of survey to collect primary data and they collected secondary data form the review of literature. From the population of Jubail University College the researchers selected cases to form the sample size, their sample size is 40 cases.

The Instrument Used

The instrument used in the research is a questionnaire it was written and created by the researchers, it was distributed among the sample size to collect primary data from them. The questionnaire has seven questions and divided into two parts, question one, two, and three (the first part) is related to the demographic characteristics of the respondents, and question four, five, six, and seven (the second part) is related to the objective of the research.

Rating Scale Used

The researchers used Likert scale to analyze the responses, by assigning highest numbers to highest response option. For example: if the options of the question are strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, strongly disagree, the numbers assigned would be (5) for strongly agree, and (4) for agree, and (3) for neutral, and (2) for disagree and (1) for strongly disagree.

The Sampling Technique

The sampling technique used in the research is nonprobability haphazard sampling technique; the sample cases are selected without any obvious principles, and based on the convenient of the researchers, and the availability if the students. This means selecting cases because they are easily available and at reach.

The following table (table 1: raw data) below shows the raw data collected from the respondents:

Question one is the gender of the respondents and number (1) is assigned for female and number (2) is assigned for male.

Question two is educational institution and it was not included in the data analysis because it does not relate to the objective of the research, but it was added in the questionnaire so that researchers make sure to distribute the questionnaire to all educational intuitions.

Question three is regarding the GPA, the researchers assigned number (1) for Below 2.00, and number (2) for 2.00 to 2.50, number (3) for 3.01 to 3.50, and number (4) for 3.51 to 4.00.

Question four is to identify if the respondents perceive that there is a relationship between eating healthy and students’ performance, the researchers assigned number (1) for strongly disagree, number (2) for disagree, number (3) for neutral, number (4) for agree, and number (5) for strongly agree.

Question five is to identify whether the respondents see a negative impact on their performance due to poor diet, the researchers assigned number (1) no, number (2) for I don’t know, number (3) for maybe, number (4) for sometimes, and number (5) for yes.

Question six is to know if the respondents are following a healthy diet during their scientific career, the researchers assigned number (1) no, number (2) for I don’t know, number (3) for maybe, number (4) for sometimes, and number (5) for yes.

Question seven is to know if the respondents plan on following a healthy diet during their education, the researchers assigned number (1) no, number (2) for I don’t know, number (3) for maybe, number (4) for sometimes, and number (5) for yes.

Correlation

The researchers used Microsoft excel to measure the degree of the linear relationship between the two variables, the students healthy eating habits, if they fallow diet during their careers and their performance (GPA).

The correlation between students that follow a healthy diet and GPA of the students is 0.84; r = 0.84

3.51 to 4.00

3.01 to 3.50

2.00 to 2.50

Below 2.00

GPA

Based on the graph above the researcher found that there is a strong relationship between the healthy eating habits and students’ performance.

Data Analysis

Table 2: Gender of Respondents:

Female (1)

Male (2)

Figure 1. Shows the percentage of gender.

Analysis:

According to the survey, the table and figure show that percentage of respondent’s number is 62% of respondents are female, and 38% of respondents are male.

Table 3: GPA of Respondents:

*Source: Primary Data

The mean is 3.15 and it shows the average of the GPA.

The median is 3 and it shows the middle value of the GPA.

The mode is 4 and it represent the value that occurs most often.

And the standard deviation is 0.92126 and it is the measure of how spread out the numbers are.

Figure 2. Shows the percentage of GPA.

Analysis:

According to the survey, the table and figure show that percentage of GPA, 43% which are 17 responses have GPA from 4.00 to 3.51. 38% which are 15 responses have GPA from 3.5 to 3.01. 13% which are 5 responses have GPA from 2.5 to 2.00. 8% which are 3 responses have GPA 2.00 and below.

Table 4: Relationship with Student's Performance:

Figure 3. Show the percentage of relationship with student's performance.

Analysis:

According to the survey, the table and figure show that percentage of relationship with student's performance, 30% which are 12 responses that is strongly agree. 25% which are 10 responses that is agree. 30% which are 12 responses that is neutral. 13% which are 5 responses that are disagree. 3% which is 1 response that is strongly disagree.

Table 5: Negative Impact of Respondents:

Figure 5. Shows the percentage of negative impact.

Analysis:

According to the survey, the table and figure show that percentage of negative impact, 35% which are 14 responses that said yes. But 30% which are 12 responses that said sometime. 10% which are 4 responses that said maybe. 18% which are 7 responses that said I don’t know. 8% which is 3 responses that said no.

Table 6: Who are on Diet from the Respondents:

The mean is 4 and it shows the average of the GPA.

The median is 4 and it shows the middle value of the GPA.

The mode is 5 and it represent the value that occurs most often.

And the standard deviation is 1.19722 and it is the measure of how spread out the numbers are.

Figure 6. Shows the percentage of who are on diet.

Analysis:

According to the survey, the table and figure show that percentage of who are on a diet, 45% which are 18 responses that said yes. But 23% which are 9 responses that said sometime. 20% which are 8 responses that said maybe. 8% which are 3 responses that said I don’t know 4% which is 2 response that said no.

Table 7: Planning to Focus on diet for Respondents:

Figure 7. Shows the percentage of planning to focus.

Analysis:

According to the survey, the table and figure show that percentage of planning to focus, 30% which are 12 responses that said yes. But 15% which are 6 responses that said sometime. 25% which are 10 responses that said maybe. 20% which are 8 responses that said I don’t know. 10% which is 4 responses that said no.

Hypothesis

Dependent variable (DV): Student’s performance

Independent variable (IV): Healthy eating habits

Null hypothesis

H0 : There is no significant relationship between student’s performance and healthy eating habits.

Alternative hypothesis

H1 : There is a relationship between student’s performance and healthy eating habits.

After the researchers analyzed the data, they found out that there is a relationship between student’s performance and healthy eating habits, so Accept alternative hypothesis (H1), and reject the null hypothesis (H0).

Scope of Study

The aim of the research project is to study the impact of healthy eating on student’s performance. As well as the relationship between healthy eating habits and student’s performance.

The study was conducted in Jubail University Collage, male and female branch.

Limitations

· Sample Size

The study wishes to understand the topic of Effects of Eating Habits on Student’s Performance and find the relationship between healthy eating and student's performance in JUC. The sample size was only 40 participants. Considering that Jubail University College has around 2500 students the sample size does not represent the entire population.

· Time

There was limited time to do research and collect data. most researches have deadline to turn in their work. The researchers may not have sufficient time to collect a number of respondents and complete the research study to the fullest. For this reason, time is a very common limitation for many studies

· Financial Resources

Money is the most common problem. Sometimes researches need it to purchase the necessary equipment for the study such as; printing papers. Financial support is also needed to purchase a specific statistical software to collect and analyze data as well as to simply reward participants with products or giveaways for having participated in the study. When financial resources are scarce such limitations might be reflected on the results of the study.

· Refusal to Respond

Some respondents refused completely to participate in the survey and, some answered less than 50% of the questionnaire, these responses were eliminated from the data analysis because they were not complete. Only questionnaires that were 100% answered were included in the data analysis. Refusal to respond was an issue for the researchers because they needed to select another case to fill the questionnaire to have a complete sample size of 40 respondents.

· The study cannot be generalized

Since the study was conducted only in Jubail University Collage it cannot be generalized to other collages, but if the research cannot be generalized it does not mean that it is not reliable, this research is reliable to Jubail University Collage because it studies the relationship between eating habits and performance for only their students so this means the results are accurate and helpful for the students of Jubail University College.

Findings

The questions posed in the surveys were deliberately exploratory. The researchers believed it was important to discover the respondents’ own view of the Effects of Eating Habits on Student’s Performance and find the relationship between healthy eating and student's performance in JUC. they found that there is a significant relationship between students’ habit of eating and their performance. The performance of students is higher when they follow a good and healthy diet, and the performance is low when the students follow a poor diet.

Conclusion

Most understudies in JUC today are thinking that it is hard to focus and do well in their examinations and along these lines, educational accomplishment turns into an issue. A significant number of the educational issue’s understudies confront are powered by poor nourishment and absence of appropriate dietary pattern. Academic execution is estimated through consistent appraisals and examinations. Educational execution can be viewed as an issue when understudies are not ready to achieve the here and now objectives in their instruction. At the point when understudies do not perform well in school, it very well may be believed to be that the understudies did not ponder hard for the examination or test and furthermore can be caused by poor fixation in school, poor memory, poor capacity to finish themes and furthermore poor coordination in class, however this isn't the main reasons the low execution of the understudies it might be a direct result of the dietary pattern it isn't sufficiently adjusted for the understudies.

Recommendation

The researchers suggest to JUC to provide healthy food and make the students aware of the importance of healthy food and how it will impact their performance. The university can educate students by (lectures, seminars, sending emails, media) to encourage the students to have a healthy diet.

Sometimes students are unaware of the reason behind low performance, they always think that the reason of low performance is because they did not understand the content of the subject, but based on the research it appears that one of the main reasons of low performance is not following a healthy diet during their education.

The researchers recommend to the staff of JUC to spread awareness to the students on the importance of healthy eating habits and how it has a strong relationship with their performance.

References

Dodsworth, Lindsey M.,(2010). "Student Nutrition and Academic

And Food Perception On Their Nutritional Status And Academic Achievement. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences, 3(1), 761-769. doi:10.20319/pijss.2017.s31.761769

Tzu-Hsing Wen, Wei-Ling Tchong, and Gregory S. Ching (2015). “A Study on the

Relationship between College Students’ Personality and Their Eating Habits”. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, Vol. 5, No. 2.

Appendix

Effects of Eating Habits on Student’s Performance in JUC

We are the students of Business Administration major from the course of Business Research Methods, section 202, we are conducting a research regarding the relationship between Eating Habits and performance of students in Jubail University College (JUC).

1- Please select your gender

· Female