Science-Research Paper
College2019
BREASTCANCEROutlineDraft.withgrammar.docxRunning Head: CAUSES OF BREAST CANCER IN YOUNG WOMEN UNDER 40 1
CAUSES OF BREAST CANCER IN YOUNG WOMEN UNDER 40 6
Causes of Breast Cancer in Young Women Under 40
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Causes of Breast Cancer in Young Women Under 40
Introduction
Breast cancer is becoming a common disease among young women and girls. For a long period, we have associated breast cancer with old age, but this horrible disease is becoming a common condition among young women. However, research has shown that breast cancer is among the leading cause of death in though, it is a rare condition among young women in the USA as around 14,000 women are under the age of 40 years are diagnosed with breast cancer every year and about 3000 young women die from breast cancer (Houssami et al., 2017). There has been prognostic relevance of young women being affected by breast cancer in society. It is because our data did suggest that breast cancer acceleration is related to age while other studies show that breast cancer is associated with one biology.
However, recent research has proven that age is a prognostic factor to biology subtype. The increase of breast cancer among women have increased the level of distress among young women, as they have to balance family, career, work, and fear of contracting breast cancer. Breast cancer among young women is associated with a large intake of chemicals and hormonal imbalance because of family planning methods, sexual functioning, body and beauty image, career-launching and raising young children. There has been an improvement in recent understanding of breast cancer and biology. It is because research has proven that although in age is a vital factor to consider it should not be the only factor to choice for breast cancer treatment for both early breast cancer and advanced breast cancer. Since breast cancer, treatment should be driven by cancer stage tumor and its characteristics among patients. This research caught my attention as I am below 40 years of age, have three daughters to take care, and I come from a family that suffers from breast cancer history. This paper seeks to analyze how cancer is affecting young women under the age of 40 years. This paper research paper will be focused on the risk factors of breast cancer, provide possible methods to prevent breast cancer as well as potential treatment methods of breast cancer with breast cancer stage.
Causes of Breast cancer
One out of eight women has been diagnosing with breast cancer. Treating breast cancer is hard. Therefore, one needs to be proactive to one health. It can be traumatizing for an in individual to be diagnosed with breast cancer as one cannot help but wonder what caused it. However, there is no exact cause of breast cancer, as the doctor seldom know the reason behind the development of cancer cells. However, women who have breast cancer are not in a position to pinpoint the exact cause, but one is that breast cancer is caused by damage to cells' DNA. Cell's DNA can be damaged by both genetic and environmental factors (Kuchenbaecker et al., 2017). However, one is more likely to suffer from breast cancer about genetic and environmental factors.
Genetic factors.
Lifestyle and environmental risk factors.
Frequent alcohol consumption increases one risk of breast cancer. Thus the more the alcohol intake, the higher the risk. Overweight, overweight or obese people are at a higher risk of increased breast cancer. However, the weighted individual who has undergone menopause are at higher risk, but that does not exclude individual not undergone menopause phrase. Lack of physical exercise for individuals living a sedentary life can increase their breast cancer risk. Therefore, people should take charge of their health by avoiding breast cancer risk factors.
Breast cancer diagnosis and staging
Breast cancer screening programs have gained popularity in the UK, Australia, and Europe. Breast cancer is a complex disease under the age of 40 years due to the fertility-related factors to be included; more than 90% of women under the age of 40 with breast cancer are symptomatic (Ribnikar et al., 2015). It is because there is a likelihood to develop breast cancer with worse clinic-pathological features that are associated with inferior outcomes. Does imaging evaluation of breast cancer suspicious abnormality should be done assume us the first signs and symptoms are experienced in the department of radiology (Houssami et al., 2017).
Mammography should be done to young women after every two weeks of the menstrual cycle. However, women with family history suggesting breast cancer genetic predisposition should have breast cancer professionals have assessed the risk. However, if they are found to be at higher risk of more than 25% risk of breast cancer patient be given a written data as well as an actual oral risk and be encouraged to practice mammography as well screening techniques. At the age of 25 and above, breast cancer deposition is likely to be present among individuals with a breast cancer history. However, subgroups of women with high risk of breast cancer predispositions should be enrolled in an annual MRI screening. MRI screening should be carried out to women with a first degree of BRCA 1, BRCA2 breast cancer mitigation career (Kehl et al., 2016).
Due to complications presented by breast cancer among young woman, MRI screening is not enough as it discloses lesion suspicious. Thus, experienced professionals should perform imaging evaluation. However, in this case, a strong suspicion of breast cancer is high; thus a clinical examination, imaging, and histological confirmation should be carried out. If the presence of palpable is noticed, ultrasound should follow breast cancer imaging and reporting.it is because there should be a strong histopathology present before a surgical procedure is undertaken. Observations of the study have allowed us to understand the four main intrinsic of breast cancer about clinical implications. They include; luminal A, B, HER- two overexposed and basal-like breast cancer.
Luminal A is characterized by endocrine-responsive disease. Luminal B associated with endocrine-responsive with high proliferation rate. HER-2 overexposed is a more aggressive biological behavior. However, these tumors are common among women .for instance a study carried out in the United States involving 3,522 women in the United States only 451 women have diagnosed with the four types of breast cancer the rest of women were below 40 years. According to Ribnikar et al., (2015) young age is the essential risk factor for recurrence of breasting cancer surgery as well as mastectomy as it related to distant metastasis and death. Research carried in 2005 to 2012 targeting women with employer-based insurance showed that women diagnosed with breast cancer had not undergone through mutations testing for BRCA1 and BRCA 2 genes (Kehl et al., 2016). It is contributed to the discovery of breast cancer at the late stages thus complication screening of breasts cancer. As a result, late breast stage has not treatment, but at this stage, it is hard to manage breast cancer through mammography leading to mastectomy.
Conclusion
Young patients of breast cancer are traumatized, as they cannot point out the cause of breast cancer, however, breast cancer is associated with risk factors that might increase one chance of suffering from breast cancer. For instance factors such as age and family history. It is because if a family member is diagnosed with breast cancer the other family members at a higher risk of breast cancer as family members DNA yet cancer damages the DNA cells. Early administration and psychological attention are indispensable for young breast cancer patients. However, the current treatment used for breast cancer treatment is based on the biological characteristics of an individual with the patients' breast cancer stage. Thus, treatment of breast cancer should not be based on age, but other factors should be included in the treatment of breast cancer. In the current days, more profound knowledge has been acquired. Therefore, it is expected to that. A more personalized approach will be used for breast cancer therapy. Consequently, I do think that special attention should be paid to age-related breast cancer side effects for systemic treatment such as fertility issues and social impacts. I would urge that more research should be carried out to manage early breast cancer and advanced breast cancer as from the study it clear that only a few data exist.
References
Houssami, N., Bernardi, D., Pellegrini, M., Valentini, M., Fantò, C., Ostillio, L., & Macaskill, P. (2017). Breast cancer detection using single reading of breast chemosynthesis (3D-mammography) compared to double reading of 2D-mammography: evidence from a population-based trial. Cancer epidemiology, 47, 94-99.
Kehl, K. L., Shen, C., Litton, J. K., Arun, B., & Giordano, S. H. (2016). Rates of BRCA1/2 mutation testing among young survivors of breast cancer. Breast cancer research and treatment, 155(1), 165-173.
Kuchenbecker, K. B., Hopper, J. L., Barnes, D. R., Phillips, K. A., Mooij, T. M., Roos-Blom, M. J., ... & Goldgar, D. E. (2017). Risks of breast, ovarian, and contralateral breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Jama, 317(23), 2402-2416.
Ribnikar, D., Ribeiro, J. M., Pinto, D., Sousa, B., Pinto, A. C., Gomes, E., ... & Cardoso, F. (2015). Breast cancer under age 40: a different approach. Current treatment options in oncology, 16(4), 16.
