Body Comp Case Study

Relationship of Cardiac Structure and Function to Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Lean Body Mass in Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. While type 2 diabetes are very common in the world today, this article focuses specifically on adolescents and the youth whom have baseline type 2 diabetes. These rates are currently high considering the following risk factors play a part in those numbers such as dyslipidemia, microalbuminuria, and hypertension. A past study showed greater body mass index and greater blood pressure in men age of 18, whom are African American race. There is a significant difference between adolescents and youth whom are sedentary and nonsedentary. Within this study it was hypothesized that body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with cardiac structures and functions in obese adolescents with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to find the similarities of cardiac structure and function with body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness amongst adolescents with type 2 diabetes while also trying to figure out what treatments’ options will work. The decision of whom will participant and how many participants will be a part of this study started in 2004 and lasted a few years. This study included 233 participants that were involved in a cross-sectional case study whom have received their echocardiography measurements of all necessary needed measures pertaining to the heart. These measurements included left ventricular mass, ejection function, left atrial dimensions, LV diastolic function, right ventricular function, body composition, and CRF. All participants were chosen at random to participant in 1 of 3 treatments such as metformin (M), metformin plus rosiglitazone(M+R), and metformin plus and intensive lifestyle program(M+L). These treatments were being tested to eventually try and replace the current use of chronic insulin therapy. Of the treatments each consisted of a different percentage and almost of females, M had 79 participants those of which were 61% females, M+R had 80 participants those of which were 69% females, and M+L had 74 participants those of which were also 61% females (Table 1). These facts included all the characteristics of participants ranging from anthropometrics, body composition, CRF and echocardiography measures. By the end of the study scientist were able to see who needed chronic insulin therapy, which participants were hypertension based on their BP values and past medication history. According to the table 2 the outcomes between males and females depending on the type of treatment they received varied, some had pros and cons. Studies of relationships between physical fitness and cardiac structure and function have been tested on numerous people those of different ages, decent, and even sport related. These types of test are performed to show the impact of training on heart size and function or to demonstrate differences between athletes and nonathletes with regard to cardiac function to better characterize the athletes’ heart (Bacha, F, 2016). Although a lot of things are related to the heart there are many negative aspects such as cardiovascular death, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease and stroke. This study helped scientist see how adolescents and youth with type 2 diabetes physical activity levels cause other health problems leaving them with more problems then needed. Physical activity in adolescents and youth should be something every adolescent or youth wants to push for. I do believe many adolescents and youth are obese because they are not required or pushed to do the necessary physical activity requirement, if they were able to be helped and received motivation, I do believe the outcomes would be different. Due to adolescents and youth not meeting physical activity requirements their rates of obesity and hypertension are extremely high. Adolescents and youth fail to realize how important it is to participant in any type of fitness even if it is the bare minimum. Since they are not physically active nor in the necessary condition, they should be their LV mass and RV function are not where it should be. The longitudinal follow up will also scientist to be able to see if their positive or negative effects of all participants LV mass and RV function.

Work Cited

Bacha, F., Gidding, S. S., Pyle, L., Katz, L. L., Kriska, A., Nadeau, K. J., & Lima, J. A. C. (2016, August 4). Relationship of Cardiac Structure and Function to Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Lean Body Mass in Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. The Journal of Pediatrics. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022347616304140?casa_token=0gIXLcpaWScAAAAA%3AozBeDGAY8Ewt6HkynB8xsb5_Uvv_PatLdfTgm_QSlsVrrbfM_qWUS09Ul7-QRbHlgJllaJNL.