Help with 3 sections- 3 to 4 pages- statistical methods for criminal justice

BivariateCorrelationsHWexample.docx

Home >Law homework help >Criminal homework help >Help with 3 sections- 3 to 4 pages- statistical methods for criminal justice

Frequencies

Statistics
	gangassociation COMPUTE gangassociation=v23c + v40d	peerdelinquency COMPUTE peerdelinquency=v1a + v2a + v3a + v4a + v5a + v6a + v7a + v8a + v9a + v10a + v11a + v12a	defiance COMPUTE defiance=v13b + v15b + v16b + v17b + v18b + v19b + v20b + v21b + v22b	gangaffiliation COMPUTE gangaffiliation=v42d + v48d + v49d	gangacivities COMPUTE gangacivities=v44d + v45d + v46d + v47d
N	Valid	824	961	915	959	962
	Missing	175	38	84	40	37
Mean	.34	5.53	23.92	1.78	.37
Median	.00	5.00	23.00	2.00	.00
Mode	0	2	22	3	0
Std. Deviation	.615	3.483	4.897	1.279	.934
Minimum	0	0	10	0	0
Maximum	2	12	36	3	4

Frequency Table

gangassociation COMPUTE gangassociation=v23c + v40d
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	0 no association	607	60.8	73.7	73.7
	1 thought about it but did not join	154	15.4	18.7	92.4
	2 thought about it and joined	63	6.3	7.6	100.0
	Total	824	82.5	100.0
Missing	System	175	17.5
Total	999	100.0

peerdelinquency COMPUTE peerdelinquency=v1a + v2a + v3a + v4a + v5a + v6a + v7a + v8a + v9a + v10a + v11a + v12a
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	0	59	5.9	6.1	6.1
	1	35	3.5	3.6	9.8
	2	147	14.7	15.3	25.1
	3	107	10.7	11.1	36.2
	4	84	8.4	8.7	45.0
	5	80	8.0	8.3	53.3
	6	72	7.2	7.5	60.8
	7	71	7.1	7.4	68.2
	8	69	6.9	7.2	75.3
	9	79	7.9	8.2	83.6
	10	52	5.2	5.4	89.0
	11	53	5.3	5.5	94.5
	12	53	5.3	5.5	100.0
	Total	961	96.2	100.0
Missing	System	38	3.8
Total	999	100.0

Higher the value on the distribution indicates more delinquency.

defiance COMPUTE defiance=v13b + v15b + v16b + v17b + v18b + v19b + v20b + v21b + v22b
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	10	1	.1	.1	.1
	11	1	.1	.1	.2
	12	5	.5	.5	.8
	13	5	.5	.5	1.3
	14	7	.7	.8	2.1
	15	11	1.1	1.2	3.3
	16	18	1.8	2.0	5.2
	17	20	2.0	2.2	7.4
	18	37	3.7	4.0	11.5
	19	45	4.5	4.9	16.4
	20	67	6.7	7.3	23.7
	21	76	7.6	8.3	32.0
	22	95	9.5	10.4	42.4
	23	81	8.1	8.9	51.3
	24	74	7.4	8.1	59.3
	25	61	6.1	6.7	66.0
	26	48	4.8	5.2	71.3
	27	60	6.0	6.6	77.8
	28	45	4.5	4.9	82.7
	29	31	3.1	3.4	86.1
	30	35	3.5	3.8	89.9
	31	19	1.9	2.1	92.0
	32	19	1.9	2.1	94.1
	33	15	1.5	1.6	95.7
	34	11	1.1	1.2	96.9
	35	9	.9	1.0	97.9
	36	19	1.9	2.1	100.0
	Total	915	91.6	100.0
Missing	System	84	8.4
Total	999	100.0

The higher the value on the distribution the more defiant the respondent is.

gangaffiliation COMPUTE gangaffiliation=v42d + v48d + v49d
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	0	267	26.7	27.8	27.8
	1	113	11.3	11.8	39.6
	2	146	14.6	15.2	54.8
	3	433	43.3	45.2	100.0
	Total	959	96.0	100.0
Missing	System	40	4.0
Total	999	100.0

The higher the values the more gang affiliation, which is defined as knowing someone who is in a gang or hanging out with gang members.

gangacivities COMPUTE gangacivities=v44d + v45d + v46d + v47d
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	0	798	79.9	83.0	83.0
	1	63	6.3	6.5	89.5
	2	47	4.7	4.9	94.4
	3	21	2.1	2.2	96.6
	4	33	3.3	3.4	100.0
	Total	962	96.3	100.0
Missing	System	37	3.7
Total	999	100.0

The higher the value the more gang activities associate with by the respondent.

Correlations

Correlations
	gangassociation	peerdelinquency	defiance	gangaffiliation	gangacivities
gangassociation	Pearson Correlation	1
	Sig. (2-tailed)
	N	824
peerdelinquency	Pearson Correlation	.372**	1
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.000
	N	797	961
defiance	Pearson Correlation	.396**	.230**	1
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.000	.000
	N	765	884	915
gangaffiliation	Pearson Correlation	.411**	.514**	.199**	1
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.000	.000	.000
	N	816	927	887	959
gangacivities	Pearson Correlation	.691**	.345**	.395**	.323**	1
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.000	.000	.000	.000
	N	819	928	887	950	962
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Main Effects

As it relates to the main effects, the strongest relationship is that between gang activities and gang association (r=.691; p=.000). This relationship indicates that higher values to related to more gang activities the more likely the respondent thought about and joined a gang. The next strongest relationship is that between gang affiliation and gang association (r=.411; p=.000). This relationship means the higher the gang affiliation, which is hanging out with gang members is associated with those respondents who thought about and joined a gang. The weakest relationship is between peer delinquency and gang association (r=.372; p=.000). This relationship indicates those respondents whose peers were delinquent were more likely those who thought about and joined a gang. All relationships between the independent variables and the dependent variables are significant. In addition, all these relationships show a moderate to strong association.

Inter-correlations

As it relates to the inter-correlations, the strongest relationship is between peer delinquency and gang affiliation (r=.514; p=.000). This relationship indicates higher peer delinquency is associated with high gang affiliation. The next strongest relationship is between defiance and gang activities (r=.395; p=.000). This relationship indicates that the more defiant a respondent the more likely they participate in gang activities. The weakest is between defiance and gang affiliation (r=.199; p=.000). This relationship indicates high defiance is associated with high gang affiliation. All relationships hypothesized are found to be significant. However, the relationships between peer delinquency and defiance was not hypothesized but it is significant (r=230; p=.000). This relationship indicates that high peer delinquency is associated with high defiance. Also, the relationship between defiance and gang affiliation is significant (r=.199; p=.000). Again this relationship indicates high defiance is associated with high gang affiliation. Overall the significant relationships for the inter-correlations show weak to strong associations.

Hypotheses

H1: There is a relationship between peer delinquency and gang association

H2: There is a relationship between defiance and gang association

H3: There is a relationship between gang affiliation and gang association

H4: There is a relationship between gang activities and gang association

H5: There is a relationship between peer delinquency and gang activities

H6: There is a relationship between defiance and gang activities

H7: There is a relationship between peer delinquency and gang affiliation

H8: There is a relationship between gang affiliation and gang activities

Methodology

Transition paragraph

Model

This model illustrates the relationships between the dependent variable gang association and the independent variables. The first relationship between peer delinquency effects gang association in that those whose peers are gang associated will most likely themselves be associated with a gang.

Figure 1. Model of Gang Association

Gang Activities

Defiance

Peer Delinquency

Gang Association

Gang Affiliation

Discussion

Figure 2. Revised Model of Gang Association

Gang Activities

Defiance

Peer Delinquency

Gang Association

Gang Affiliation