Management Information Systems

Academic Session 2021

May 2021 Semester

ASSIGNMENT

BIS303/03 Management Information System

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: 1. This assignment is the alternative assessment to replace the proctored

examination.

2. This assignment consists of two (2) sections. Answer ALL questions in Part A and Part B.

3. You are allowed a maximum of one (1) attempt to submit your assignment.

4. The assignment will be made available from 19th July 2021, Monday (00:00) until 4th August 2021, Wednesday (23:59).

5. Completed assignment must be submitted by 4th August 2021, Wednesday (23:59).

Copyright © 2021 WOU

Part A (40 marks)

Case Study

Read the case study given below and answer ALL the questions given at the

end of the case.

Big Data Trends In Healthcare

Since people are becoming more and more conscious about their health and

well-being, they are investing more in better tools and applications to monitor

their health and are making regular trips to the doctor for check -ups of follow-

ups. Because of this, as well as the many, many cases of illnesses and injuries,

there is a constant flow of information when it comes to the healthcare industry.

Since this data pertains to people’s lives, it is highly sensitive and must be

handled with care.

By carefully recording, storing, reading, and analyzing medical data, there have

been many positive developments in the industry. They will continue to happen

if everything is managed well. There is a need to focus heavily on factual data

or evidence to ensure that the patients are being looked after well, receive the

right diagnosis and treatment, and that there are no unnecessary expenses.

Some Major Data Trends in the Industry

A trend is essentially a gradual change or shift in movement, condition, or output,

and when it comes to the health care industry, there have been many data trends,

owing to the developments in technology. Some of them are as follows: –

Patient-Oriented Care: The main objective of the healthcare industry is to

provide adequate healthcare facilities to the patients. Since treatments or

medical attention can prove to be very expensive, many health payors such

as insurance companies or other organizations are making use of technology

to provide value-based and data-driven incentives, which will eventually help

cut down costs. The main features of patient-oriented healthcare are

improving the quality of the healthcare provided so that the desired outcomes

are obtained, reducing the cost of seeking healthcare, and providing support

to reformed paying structures. By focusing primarily on the patient, their

needs, and history, the doctors, hospitals, organizations, and insurance

companies, etc. need to work a way to not only efficiently record data but

also provide the right diagnosis and treatment while ensuring that the prices

are justified and not too high.

Monitor Patients: With the many advancements in the field of technology

and healthcare, patients, as well as doctors, have the means to monitor the

medical situation. Patients are constantly connected to apparatus which

monitor vital signs such as heart rate, blood sugar level, etc. and also alert

the doctors or nurses immediately if there is any change in condition. Even if

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the patients are not admitted to the hospital, they wear or carry devices that

come with sensors and monitor health. For instance, those with diabetes or

asthma can wear such devices, which will ensure that the right medication is

being administered at the right time. Such devices also provide a

comprehensive idea of the patient’s medical condition.

Predictive Analysis and Improving Outcome: The encouraged adoption of

EHR or Electronic Health Records by hospitals and other healthcare

organizations has not only made it easier and more efficient to store medical

data but has also made it much easier to provide the right treatment to

patients. With the vast and varying nature of medical information, there is a

need to efficiently organize and store it, and tha t is where EHR comes into

the picture. About $30 billion was spent on encouraging the adoption of EHR

and the subsequent sharing of patient information among different healthcare

facilities to ease the process of analyzing the data and providing adequate

treatment. By being able to analyze such data, it has become possible to

diagnose any underlying health issues beforehand, treat them on time, and

also avoid any unnecessary expenditure. Since the signs for illnesses such

as congestive heart failure can be missed by doctors, having a proper record

and health history enables them to catch the issue and treat it accordingly,

without having to spend a lot (on the part of the hospital or the patient).

Besides these, data analysis can also help in avoiding any fr auds, unnecessary

costs, or wastage and abuse of funds. Given that the healthcare industry is a

major aspect of life, there are bound to be those that commit any frauds with

respect to their insurance, bills, etc. and also, there is always the possibility of

spending too much on a particular area or case. What data analysis helps with

is avoiding such situations so that the industry can function better and provide

adequate facilities. However, it is also important to keep in mind that recording

and analyzing all the medical data is a tedious task, even with the help of

advanced technology, and there can always be an error or inadequacy, owing to

the different kinds of data available.

[source : https://www.mobifilia.com/big-data-trends-in-healthcare]

Question 1

a. What are the data sharing challenges do you foresee of big data in

healthcare? Explain.

(10 marks)

b. Describe any 3 (three) application of big data in Covid-19 pandemic.

(15 marks)

c. Do you think big data analytics help significantly in the Covid-19 mitigation?

(15 marks)

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Part B : Answer all the questions

Question 1

a. Name four (4) industries that you think will be most affected by achievements

in technologies in the last decade and explain what these industries will go

through.

(12 marks)

b. Explain why there could be reasons to believe that Information System and

people are the driving force behind developments in Information

Technologies.

(8 marks)

Question 2

a. Byzia et al. (2001) identify four (4) business management styles in pursuing

organisational goals. Explain these management styles with example of any

organisation.

(12 marks)

b. Functional information systems automate some of the business processes in

an organisation. Do you think automating function information system would beneficial organisation? Explain.

(8 marks)

Question 3

a. Expert System (ESs) are information systems that mimic the decision-making

and problem solving processes of human experts

i. Identify and explain the four (4) components of an expert system with

examples of how each component works.

(8 marks)

ii. Briefly explain with example of the application of an Expert System in

medical industry

(4 marks)

b. How does a what-if analysis differ from a goal-seeking analysis? Clearly

explain with examples how they differ. (8 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER