BIO130: Survey of Physiology

Exam 1

Which of the following specialties might focus on studying all of the structures of the ankle and foot?

a. microscopic anatomy

b. muscle anatomy

c. regional anatomy

d. systemic anatomy

A scientist wants to study how the body uses foods and fluids during a marathon run. This scientist is most likely a(n) ________.

a. exercise physiologist

b. microscopic anatomist

c. regional physiologist

d. systemic anatomist

Metabolism can be defined as the ________.

a. adjustment by an organism to external or internal

changes

b. process whereby all unspecialized cells become

specialized to perform distinct functions

c. process whereby new cells are formed to replace

worn-out cells

d. sum of all chemical reactions in an organism

The bonding of calcium, phosphorus, and other elements produces mineral crystals that are found in bone. This is an example of a(n) ________ reaction.

a. catabolic

b. synthesis

c. decomposition

d. exchange

Nitrogen has an atomic number of seven. How many electron shells does it likely have?

a. one

b. two

c. three

d. four

________ reactions release energy.

a. Catabolic

b. Exergonic

c. Decomposition

d. Catabolic, exergonic, and decomposition

Which of the following is part of the elongation step of DNA synthesis?

a. pulling apart the two DNA strands

b. attaching complementary nucleotides to the template strand

c. untwisting the DNA helix

d. none of the above

Which of the following is not a difference between DNA and RNA?

a. DNA contains thymine whereas RNA contains uracil

b. DNA contains deoxyribose and RNA contains ribose

c. DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate molecules whereas RNA does not contain sugars

d. RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded

Which of the following sequences on a DNA molecule would be complementary to GCTTATAT?

a. TAGGCGCG

b. ATCCGCGC

c. CGAATATA

d. TGCCTCTC

What multipotent stem cells from children sometimes banked by parents?

a. fetal stem cells

b. embryonic stem cells

c. cells from the umbilical cord and from baby teeth

d. hematopoietic stem cells from red and white blood cells

Which of the following structures could be found within the nucleolus?

a. chromatin

b. histones

c. ribosomes

d. nucleosomes

Which connective tissue specializes in storage of fat?

a. tendon

b. adipose tissue

c. reticular tissue

d. dense connective tissue

Striations, cylindrical cells, and multiple nuclei are observed in ________.

skeletal muscle only

b. cardiac muscle only

c. smooth muscle only

d. skeletal and cardiac muscles

Ligaments connect bones together and withstand a lot of stress. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain?

a. areolar tissue

b. adipose tissue

c. dense regular connective tissue

d. dense irregular connective tissue

Which of the following is not a type of tissue?

a. muscle

b. nervous

c. embryonic

d. epithelial

Could two atoms of oxygen engage in ionic bonding? Why or why not?

Explain why ultrasound imaging is the technique of choice for studying fetal growth and development.

Once dietary fats are digested and absorbed, why can they not be released directly into the bloodstream?

What are cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and how do they interact?

Why does an injury to cartilage, especially hyaline cartilage, heal much more slowly than a bone fracture?