biochem

1. Like glycolysis, TCA cycle takes place in mitochondria.

2. Glucagon is released when the glucose concentration is low.

3. How many protons are transferred into the inter-membrane space during the NADH oxidation? 10

4. In electron transport chain NAD+ is converted to

5. Which of the following enzymes activates pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

· Phosphatase

· Pyruvate kinase

· Succinate dehydrogenase

· Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

6. Which enzyme is used for the conversion of PEP to Pyruvate?

A. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphatase

B. Pyruvate Kinase

C. Phosphoenolpyruvate dehydrogenase

D. 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphatase

7. All of the statement regarding glycolysis is true, except

A.glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen B. Glycolysis cannot proceed without NADH

C. glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration D.  2 pyruvate molecules are obtained from 1 molecule of Glucose

8. What is the fate of  TG, Cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and fat soluble vitamins in the intestinal cells?

A. TG are converted to Monoacyl Glycerol and Free Fatty acids in the intestine

B. Cholesterol Esters are converted to cholesterol and free fatty acids in the intestine

C. Cholesterol Ester are stay un-metabolized in the intestine

D. TG, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and fat soluble vitamins are all converted to chylomicrons

E. a and c only

9. which of the following statement is true for Bile salts? Select all that apply

A. they have hydrophilic character

B. they have  hydrophobic character

C. they are synthesized from phospholipids

D. All of the above

10. Which of the following hydrolases are most active in Infant  whose diet is primarily cows milk?

A. Lingual Lipase

B. pancreatic Lipase

C. a and b

D. none of the above

11. As Gastric Lipase is produced by the Stomach, Colipase are produced by

A. Small Intestine

B. Pancreases

C. Gall Bladder

D. Mouth

12. Which derivative of monosacchirides is shown in the figure? Phosphate

13. A patient comes to your clinic and complains of the lack of energy. On further questioning she revealed that she she was depressed and ate a rat poison which had compound called as Fluroacetate. You are worried as fluroacetate is a prodrug which converts to fluorocitrate and inhibits ___________ enzyme by directly acting on it?

A. alpha-ketoglutarate

B. Aconitase

C. Pyruvate dehydrogenase Kinase

D. Succinate Dehydrogenase

14. Which of the following are activators of Pyruvate dehydrogenase Complex? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

A. High Levels of NADH

B. High Levels of ADP 

C. High Levels of protons in the mitochondrial matrix

D. High Levels of pyruvate

15. Your patient is showing the symtoms of anorexia nervosa which was confirmed by the doctors too. This diagnosis might explain all of the following all of the following symptoms EXCEPT; 

A. Lethargy

B. cognitive dysfunction

C. neuropshycological symptoms

D. Normal levels of vitamin B1, B2, and B3

16. Under what conditions proteins are broken down to amino acids? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

A. Insulin Levels are Low

B. Cortisol Levels are elevated

C. Insulin Levels are High

D. Cortisol Levels are High

17. Which of the following will trigger gluconeogenesis? 

A. Low levels of Insulin

B. High levels of Glucose in the body

C. Low Levels of Cortisol

D. Low Levels of glucagon

18. A patient comes to your clinic with an intention to loose weight. He is on a diet for past few days and was drinking only water for past 24 hours. You are concerned about his health and are going to explain him which enzymes  are inactivated and activated during fasting. Which of the following glycolytic enzymes are inactivated during fasting? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

A. pyruvate kinase

B. PEP Carboxykinase

C. hexokinase

D. phosphofructokinase