FINAL EXAM

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Family Violence Across the Lifespan, 3rd Edition

© 2011SAGE Publications

Abuse of Elderly and Disabled Persons

Chapter 12

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Introduction

  • 1980s violence against elders received heightened consideration
  • National Center on Adult Abuse was established in 1981
  • By 1989 most states had enacted some form of mandatory elder abuse reporting law
  • Elder abuse is now recognized as a social problem

Family Violence Across the Lifespan, 3rd Edition

© 2011SAGE Publications

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Scope of the Problem

  • Definitions of elder abuse are more problematic than in other areas of family violence
  • Definitions encompass more subtypes of abuse and types of abuse that are difficult to operationalize
  • No definite conclusions can be reached about a uniform age and the prevalence of mistreatment are most common

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Examples of Specific Abuses

  • Emotional/psychological
  • Physical
  • Financial
  • Sexual
  • Internet pornography
  • Neglect
  • Self-Neglect
  • Abandonment
  • Violation of human rights
  • Scam by strangers

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Consequences of Elder Abuse

  • Health Consequences – destroy quality of life and can be deadly
  • Reactions of Professional Practitioners
  • Social services agencies
  • Adult Protective Services
  • Investigations by APS
  • In-home assessments
  • Refusing service

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Characteristics of Abused Elders

  • Age – difficult to pin down because of a lack of consensus
  • Gender – mostly female whether the victim is a parent or a spouse
  • Race – combining Hispanic with Whites or Blacks complicate comparisons

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Characteristics of Elder Abusers

  • Age – 40 to 60 range
  • Gender – equally divided between the sexes
  • Among adult children who abuse their parents and intimates, the gender of the abuser is most often male
  • Abusers are equally divided between adult children and intimates
  • Gender of the abuser depend on the type of abuse

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Explaining Abuse of Elderly Persons

  • Social Learning Theory
  • Social Exchange Theory
  • Stress and Dependency Theories
  • How burdensome is care giving?
  • Dependency of abused elders
  • Problems with the caregiver stress model
  • Abuse by the severely mentally ill
  • Alcohol and drug use of mentally ill
  • Criminality of elder abusers
  • Revictimization studies

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Practice Issues for treating Elder Abuse

  • Recognizing elder abuse
  • Practitioner training
  • Elder abuse investigator training
  • Guardianship dilemmas
  • REACH program
  • Helping elders abused by offspring

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Responses to Elder Abuse

  • Social services (APS) responses to Elder abuse
  • Treatment of elder abusers
  • Gaps in service provision
  • Research findings on programs
  • Criminal Justice System response
  • Police responses
  • Prosecutors

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Responses to Elder Abuse, cont.

  • Legal Issues
  • The Elder Justice Act
  • Legal access
  • Legal needs of elders
  • Reducing financial exploitation
  • Medical Responses
  • Medical screening
  • Assessment tools
  • Mandatory reporting compliance
  • Failure to report
  • Physician education

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Policy Issues for Combating Elder Abuse

  • Non-collaboration between Adult Protective Services and violence programs
  • A successful collaboration
  • Shelters for elderly abused women
  • Emergency disaster care
  • Criminal Justice System responses
  • Training

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Policy Issues for Combating Elder Abuse, cont.

  • Funding police
  • Improving the court’s oversight of guardianship matters
  • Improving the court’s response to elder mistreatment
  • Legislation
  • University courses on aging

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Policy Issues for Combating Elder Abuse, cont.

  • The Weinberg Center
  • Multidisciplinary teams
  • A research agenda
  • Expanded research topics

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Prevention

  • Public awareness campaign
  • Improving official evaluations
  • Social support/social connectedness
  • Living arrangements – housing
  • Innovative assisted-living facilites
  • Aging in place
  • Help from organization
  • Elder fraud prevention
  • Steps seniors can take themselves
  • Role of attorneys

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Same-sex Elder Abuse: Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgendered Elders

  • Prevalence of abuse
  • Gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgendered elders
  • Needs of homosexual elders

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Cross-Cultural Elder Abuse

  • Prevalence of Cross-Cultural Elder Abuse
  • Asian Countries
  • Israel
  • Spain
  • United Kingdom
  • Ethnic Elder Abuse
  • African American
  • American Indian
  • Chinese Americans
  • Korean Americans
  • Cultural Competence

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Abuse of Disabled Persons

  • Defining disability
  • Attitudes toward disabled persons
  • Estimates of Abuse of disabled persons
  • Others estimates of abuse or disabled
  • Sexual assault
  • Perpetrators of abuse of disabled persons
  • Criminal Justice System responses

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Characteristics of Disabled Victims and their Abusers

  • Disclosure of abuse and help-seeking activities
  • Disclosure to police
  • Barriers facing deaf individuals
  • Practice, Policy and Prevention

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Abuse in Nursing Home (Long-term care facilities)

  • Complaints against nursing homes
  • Sexual abuse in nursing homes
  • Operations of the DHHS
  • Costs
  • Lack of interagency cooperation
  • Nursing home personnel
  • Situational factors
  • Registries
  • Accountability
  • Preventing long-term care abuse

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