marine biology
marjili1
azinikmt.docx1) Describe what we did (for both the neuston and IKMT tows).
Life at the base of the ocean, benthos, is influenced by the water layers and by the sediment– water interface; the swimmers, or nekton, are impacted by the water that they interact with; and the plankton—phytoplankton (plant like) and zooplankton (animal like)— are affected by the water and the exchanges that happen at the surface of the ocean. Therefore, usually, estimations and sampling of marine life, same as what we did on the field trip, is best done working together with estimations of the physical and substance properties of the sea and the surface impacts of the water.
As a result of the nearby communication of ocean life and its environment, researcher and oceanographers use many of the methods including some specific strategies for marine sampling. Analytical strategies incorporate the use of sampling tools, remote detecting of surface living things by satellite and air planes, and in situ observation of plants and animals in direct communication with their ecosystem. It is becoming progressively critical as researcher perceive the delicacy of life forms and the difficulty of sampling. The absence of good sampling strategies and techniques implies that even today little is known about the variety, abundant, population, and life cycles of a considerable amount of the organisms of marine life.
Some of the most generally utilized samplers are plankton nets and midwater trawls. Nets have a mesh with smaller size than the plankton hat is under investigation; trawls on the other hand, filter out bigger organisms. The smaller net sizes can just be used when the ship is either ceased or traveling slowly; the bigger net can be used when the ship is moving with normal speed. Plankton nets can be used to obtain samples at least one depth.
One of the sampling methods that we used on our trip was IKMT (Isaac Kidd Midwater Trawl). The midwater trawl is uncommonly intended for quick gathering at depths well underneath the surface and at a speed, to the point that quick swimming fish can't escape from the net once caught. Trawls can be used at speeds up to nine kilometers per hour. To neutralize the tendency of a standard net to surface behind the towing vessel, a midwater trawl of the Isaacs-Kidd uses a slanted plane surface fixed behind the net entrance as a depressor. The trawl is formed like a cone with a pentagonal opening and a round end. Inside the net, an extra net is placed as covering. A steel ring is secured toward the end of the net to keep the shape. A big perforated can is attached by drawstrings on the bottom of the net to hold the samples undamaged.
In our trip we did a total of three IKMT (Isaac Kidd Midwater Trawl) sampling. On during the day light and on the depth of 100 meters. Second was during the night and on the depth of the 950 meters. The last one was also during the night and on the dept of the 100 meters again to compare with the one during the day light.
During our trip we also got neuston samples. In order to collect the samples, there was to net attached to the side of the boat. The size of the neuston net was smaller than the IKMT net and less amount of the organisms was collected.
2) Describe what we found (you may use general taxonomic terms...at different times/depth)
The neuston and IKMT tows field trip that we had consist of four sampling. One was neuston net during the day. The net was smaller than the IKMT and located on the side of the boat. We collected Calanoid copepods, Transparent jellies (comb jellies), Larval Pacific Sanddab with moving eyes to one side. They are either right eye or left eye.
Second sampling was IKMT at daytime with dept of 100 meters. We collected Sea butterflies (heteropods) with wings moving, Phronima inside a salp and laying its eggs inside its body. The Phronima with transparent body. Phronima's eggs were red and located inside the body of the salp. Comb jelly with transparent body, Pyrosomids and Arrow warm were also obtained.
Third, we did another IKMT with dept of 950 meters during longer time. The organism obtained were Hydromedusa that where large brown dots, Midwater eel cod with shaking body and black color, red color Mysids, Euphausiids, Decapods, Sergestidae that had transparent body with red dots on the middle of its body, Pelagic red crab that scratched Amy’s fingers, a true sea jelly (scyphozoa), Benttooth Bristlemouth that is most abundant vertebrates on earth, Blue lantern fish and Midwater eel pout.
Fourth, we did IKMT during night with dept of 100 meters to compare with daylight organisms. We collected Pyrosomids, Myctophids, Ctenophores, Sergestiidae shrimp, lots of Arrow warms and Elephant heteropod.
