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What is statistics? In what applications are statistics used?

Statistics is a science concerned with the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample. Statistics is essential for quality and for implementing a continuous improvement philosophy. Statistical methods have found numerous applications in quality, including product and market analysis, product and process design, process control, testing and inspections, identification and verification of process improvements and reliability analysis. Statistics play an important role in every day human activity as well: to determine population growth, unemployment, accounting and auditing, medical analysis etc... Government Agencies use statistics for making decisions regarding education, health care, census. Businesses utilized statistics to plan productions based on the customer's needs, quality control, evaluate the impact of critical variables on product characteristics and assess robustness to variability in manufacturing, assess and improve product reliability through the design and analysis of accelerated test programs.

 

 

The statistics play important role in every field of human activity, such as determine the per capita income, population growth rate, unemployment,Schooling, medical, housing facilities in the world.Statistics holds central position in all the fields such as business,mathematics, economics,Accounting and auditing, banking,Administration,Natural and social science and astronomy etc. Applications of Statistics are listed as follows:

· Government agencies : used to make the decision about education, health , population etc.

· Business: Helps the businessmen to make the production plan based on customer needs, Checking the product quality,Selecting the business location, financial resources and marketing the product.

· Science and Medicine :Helps to determine which medicines or interventions are works better and how the human bodies react on these treatments. The medical person also use age , gender, race or nationalities in order to determine the effects of these characteristics on health.

· Banking: Uses the statistics based on the probability to determine the number of deposit and their claims for certain time.

· Astronomy : Helps to determine the measurements based on distance, masses, sizes and density of the heavenly bodies.