Answer

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Student’s name

Institution affiliation

Introduction

Autism is known as an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among practitioners. Autism is a complex condition that involves a problem with behavior and communication. Autism can involve various ranges of signs and symptoms. Autism is a health condition that requires full-time care by a healthcare provider (Hoover & Kaufman, 2018). People living with autism have challenges in communication and understanding what other people feel and think. People affected by autism have a challenge in learning, although people with autism are good in memory, mathematics, and arts. Lack of eye contact and failure to accept other people's opinions are the main signs of autism.

After three years of birth, are kids born to older parents vulnerable to autism compared to kids born of younger parents?

Research has shown that older parents have higher chances of getting children who are likely to be diagnosed with autism than children from younger parents (Juergensen, Mattingly, Pitts & Smith, 2018). According to recent data on children in California, children born to fathers older than forty-five are seventy-five percent higher to be diagnosed with autism than kids born to parents in their early twenties.

The research also indicated that men older than fifty-five are four times more likely to have autism than men below thirty years of age. Based on one hundred and thirty-two thousand Israel adolescent researchers indicated that 1.5 percent of all kids born to parents in their twenties would have autism three years after birth compared to 1.58 percent of kids born by parents in their forties.

According to Child Abuse Hotline are kids with autism spectrum disorder vulnerable to maltreatment than kids without ASD at the age of eight?

A study by Vanderbilt Kennedy Center's Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorder (TRIAD) analyzed autism among kids between 2008 and 2016 and found three hundred and eighty-seven kids among the population twenty-four thousand and three hundred and six had autism. Child Abuse Hotline reported seventeen percent of those kids identified with autism who were mostly below eight years had allegations of maltreatment either by their parents or the community by general, compared to 7.4 percent of kids without ASD.

According to the Child Abuse Hotline, kids below the age of eight are more prone to maltreatment than kids without autism due to multiple factors: such as the challenges language impairment, complex in cognitive, and challenges in behavior. The problem associated with autism increases the rate of caregiver’s neglect, lowers the level of friends and family social support, and increases caregiver stress in handling a kid who has autism.

Do parents with family cases of autism have a higher chance of having kids with autism at the age of three compared to parents without autism background?

Research conducted at the Washington University by John N. Constantino on eight hundred and fifty thousand kids and their family indicates that thirteen thousand kids were diagnosed with ASD, approximately 1.5 percent of the total. A mother with a child suffering from autism was more than three times likely to have children with autism than the general population to suffer from autism.

According to various research, three to five percent of kids with a family history of autism are more likely to suffer from autism at the age of three compare to 1.5 percent of kids without a background history of autism in the general population. Fathers with ASD are more likely to have autistic children compared to a mother with autism. Theory shows that women have a low rate of genetically transmitting autism to their children than fathers since they have a greater tolerance for ASD risk factors than men.

Conclusion

The two articles used in this assignment show that understanding signs, symptoms, and behavior patterns regarding autism is critical to caregivers and healthcare personnel. Caregivers should be provided with the necessary training in identifying and enhancing care to children who have autism. Autism, according to the two articles, also indicate that autism has no permanent cure but can be managed by a caregiver through healthcare personnel advice. Autism awareness training will provide a caregiver with the knowledge needed to support and sensitively support children who have autism carefully. From the two articles, it is clear that it is difficult to ascertain whether autism is genetically transmitted.

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